Death by Caffeine - StumbleUpon We’ve used the very latest research to determine what’s appropriate for your body weight. See more about your daily caffeine limits. Recommendations for caffeine levels are different for aged 18 and under. The calculator is intended for use only by adults over 18. Sure are. On the result, click on the item for more detailed caffeine information. Yes. A lethal dose is based on the amount of the caffeine in your system at one time. By using this calculator you agree to our terms of use. Endocrine system In addition to the specialised endocrine organs mentioned above, many other organs that are part of other body systems, such as bone, kidney, liver, heart and gonads, have secondary endocrine functions. For example the kidney secretes endocrine hormones such as erythropoietin and renin. A number of glands that signal each other in sequence are usually referred to as an axis, for example, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. As opposed to endocrine factors that travel considerably longer distances via the circulatory system, other signaling molecules, such as paracrine factors involved in paracrine signalling diffuse over a relatively short distance. The word endocrine derives from the Greek words ἐνδο- endo- "inside, within," and κρίνειν krinein "to separate, distinguish". Endocrine organs and known secreted hormones[edit] Endocrine glands in the human head and neck and their hormones Hypothalamus[edit] Pineal body (epiphysis)[edit] Pituitary gland (hypophysis)[edit] Thyroid[edit] Skin[edit]
Depression Is Linked to Hyperconnectivity of Brain Regions, a New Study Shows Paralympian Oscar Pistorius broke down in court once again during his turn on the witness stand, as he remembered the night that he shot his model girlfriend, Reeva Steenkamp. The public has waited for over five weeks for a glimpse into the mind of South African Paralympian Oscar Pistorius, who is currently in the witness box in Pretoria’s North Gauteng High Court to provide evidence and defend himself in the murder trial of his girlfriend Reeva Steenkamp, whom he shot and killed on Valentine’s Day last year. The six-time gold medalist was scheduled to be sworn in at the beginning of March, but the trial was postponed due to the illness of one of the judge’s assessors. The moment everything changed Sobbing uncontrollably after hours of exhaustive testimony on Tuesday, Pistorius detailed the events proceeding the moment that he put four bullets through his bathroom door, killing his 29-year-old girlfriend. “She rolled over to me and said ‘Can't you sleep, my baba?’” ‘Besotted’ with Reeva
Brain Research Bulletin - Effects of mindfulness meditation training on anticipatory alpha modulation in primary somatosensory cortex Abstract During selective attention, ∼7–14 Hz alpha rhythms are modulated in early sensory cortices, suggesting a mechanistic role for these dynamics in perception. Here, we investigated whether alpha modulation can be enhanced by “mindfulness” meditation (MM), a program training practitioners in sustained attention to body and breath-related sensations. Highlights ► Mindfulness meditation training is associated with improved attentional processing. ► We examined whether 8-weeks of MM training enhances attentional modulation of alpha rhythms in SI. ► After training, MM modulation of alpha rhythms up or down in response to a somatic attentional cue was faster and greater than the control group and the MM pre-training baseline. Keywords Mindfulness; Meditation; Alpha rhythm modulation; Attention; MEG; Alpha rhythm; Somatosensory cortex; Anticipatory Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc.
The myth of the eight-hour sleep Image copyright Other We often worry about lying awake in the middle of the night - but it could be good for you. A growing body of evidence from both science and history suggests that the eight-hour sleep may be unnatural. In the early 1990s, psychiatrist Thomas Wehr conducted an experiment in which a group of people were plunged into darkness for 14 hours every day for a month. It took some time for their sleep to regulate but by the fourth week the subjects had settled into a very distinct sleeping pattern. Though sleep scientists were impressed by the study, among the general public the idea that we must sleep for eight consecutive hours persists. In 2001, historian Roger Ekirch of Virginia Tech published a seminal paper, drawn from 16 years of research, revealing a wealth of historical evidence that humans used to sleep in two distinct chunks. Image copyright bbc "It's not just the number of references - it is the way they refer to it, as if it was common knowledge," Ekirch says.
The best detox foods to look great - StumbleUpon Having a diet rich in detox foods will naturally help your health. But some of those foods are especially good to make you look great. Eating more of the detos foods below will not only improve your look but also support your body to detox naturally and flush out environmental toxins as well as metabolic waste. Losing weight Artichoke: One of the best detox foods for your liver, artichokes are also low in calories and contains compounds that can help lower your cholesterol levels. Lemon: Adding some lemon juice and zest to your drinking water will supply your body with over 30 detox compounds. Pink grapefruit: Grapefruit is so potent at natural detoxification that it often removes some drugs and medicines too quickly for them to act. Other detox foods that can help losing weight: pineapple, celery and chili peppers. Radiant skin Watermelon: Packed with detox nutrients and water, watermelon is also very rich in lycopene, an antioxidant that boost your skin resistance to sun damage.
The Mammalian Pineal Gland May Be The Third Eye | Pureinsight Author: Prof. Lili Feng and et al 'Modern medical dissection has already discovered that the front section of the pineal gland is equipped with the complete structure of a human eye. In recent years, scientists gradually discovered that the mammalian pineal gland is photo sensitive. Photic information reaches it via a multi synaptic pathway originating in retina and passing through suprachiasmatic regions of the hypothalamus (1). Five years after the publication of Zhuan Falun, Lucas et al. (5) published a paper in Science, one of the most well known scientific journals. It is well known, with neither retinal photoreceptors nor optic signal transduction pathways, that the conventional visual pathway cannot be established. On the contrary, much evidence suggests that the pineal gland may be able to directly sense the light. References: 1.
I Am Not My Brain - Jerry DeNuccio My patience, always a dwindling and, I’ve come to think, nonrenewable resource, has, at long last, been thoroughly tried—tried and convicted of aggravated aggravation with skepticism aforethought. What was it that shanghaied my forbearance and drove me to this illicit state? A book. Yes, a book, the very thing that typically flash freezes my patience, preserves it, makes it a cryonic fugitive unpinned from tick-tock sweep-handedness of time. And what was this offending book? None other than David J. Linden, a neuroscientist at Johns Hopkins, asserts that certain experiences “activate an anatomically and biochemically defined pleasure circuit in the brain.” Linden effectually reduces human beings to brain biochemistry, to neural substrates whose components fire in response to external experiences. And this is where my patience wears molecule-layer thin, for Linden’s book is seamlessly sutured to the human reductiveness that characterizes so much of the neuroscientific discourse.
Modern parenting may hinder brain development, research suggests Social practices and cultural beliefs of modern life are preventing healthy brain and emotional development in children, according to an interdisciplinary body of research presented recently at a symposium at the University of Notre Dame. "Life outcomes for American youth are worsening, especially in comparison to 50 years ago," says Darcia Narvaez, Notre Dame professor of psychology who specializes in moral development in children and how early life experiences can influence brain development. "Ill-advised practices and beliefs have become commonplace in our culture, such as the use of infant formula, the isolation of infants in their own rooms or the belief that responding too quickly to a fussing baby will 'spoil' it," Narvaez says. The United States has been on a downward trajectory on all of these care characteristics, according to Narvaez. Instead of being held, infants spend much more time in carriers, car seats and strollers than they did in the past.
Prune bad brain wiring with magnetic pulses - health - 18 February 2012 By Wendy Zukerman ZAPPING the brain with a weak magnetic pulse can wipe out unwanted neural connections in mice at least. The discovery could be turned into a treatment for conditions associated with abnormal neural circuitry, such as schizophrenia. In transcranial magnetic stimulation a magnetic coil induces electric currents in the brain that can strengthen or suppress neural connections. This technique has been shown to improve symptoms in people with brain disorders such as autism and depression. Now, Jennifer Rodger from the University of Western Australia in Crawley and colleagues have found that stimulating the brain at intensities lower than would make a neuron fire can remove unwanted neural connections in mice. As children, our brains produce too many connections between cells. Rodger’s team used genetically modified mice with abnormal connections in an area of the brain called the superior colliculus (SC), which is involved in motion detection. More on these topics:
Wild Mood Swings - Surf the web on a whim. (C) Sean McManus - StumbleUpon <p style="font-size:x-large;">Oh no! You don't have Javascript enabled. Please <a href=" Javascript now</a> or the only moods you'll experience will be boredom and frustration.</p><hr noshade> Pick your mood, click the button and Wild Mood Swings will open an appropriate website in a new window. What is Wild Mood Swings? It's a simple game and online web experience: you select a mood from the pull-down list, click on 'take me away' and it'll whisk you away to an appropriate site. Each time you reload the page or click the shuffle moods link, the moods are sorted into a different order, adding an additional element of serendipity. What do I need to work it? Some of the links will take you to sites that require the Flash plug-in or Chrome browser. If it's not working, it's possible you have a pop-up blocker installed that is stopping Wild Mood Swings from opening your destination site in a new window. Why was it developed? When was it launched?
The Lies Your Mind Tells You to Prevent Life Changes Michael Taft: Hardwired for the Mystical? The gap between atheists and the religious seems at times to be an impossible divide, almost as if believers and non-believers come from different species. What separates the secular from the sacred? An "Ask the Brains" question on the Scientific American site recently inquired as to any differences between the brain of an atheist and the brain of a religious person. Andrew Newberg, the director of research at the Myrna Brind Center of Integrative Medicine at Thomas Jefferson University and Hospital in Philadelphia, responded that, yes, in fact, there are some small but perceptible differences between the brains of believers and non-believers. Newberg is a pioneer in the field of "neurotheology," the study of how the brain approaches faith. For example, the frontal lobe of the brain governs reward, attention and motivation. But the effects of religion may also pertain to the present day. All of which leads us to an interesting point, in terms of the future of humanity.