2 Types of Reinforcement. Examples of positive and negative reinforcement. Positive Reinforcement The Office (Trimmed) Negative Reinforcement. Continuous and intermittent reinforcement. Continuous and intermittent reinforcement. Operant conditioning: Schedules of reinforcement. 2 types of punishment. Examples of positive and negative punishment. Positive and Negative Punishment Popular Media Examples. Road accident statistics in Singapore 2020. Last Updated: January, 2020.
Latest available data from May, 2019. Highlights There were 7,690 road accidents involving injuries in 2018120 people were killed in traffic accidents in 2018Elderly pedestrians accounted for two-thirds of all pedestrian fatalities. (1 in 2 accidents involving elderly pedestrians was due to jaywalking)Motorcyclists and pillion riders account for about 1 in 2 of overall road fatalities73% of heavy vehicle drivers speed when traffic is lightSingapore’s road fatality rate of 2.73 per 100,000 citizens is higher than London, Hong Kong and Tokyo.
Deaths per 100,000 people Singapore’s road traffic fatality rate per 100,000 population went down significantly from 2010 to 2016. Road Traffic Fatality Rate per 100,000 Population (2009 – 2018) Trends Despite the 7.5% increase of motor vehicles in Singapore over the past 10 years, road traffic accidents have actually barely grown. However, looking at road fatalities per vehicle paints a different picture. Injuries. Fatal accidents, road deaths at record low in 2019, but more accidents involve elderly and motorcyclists, Transport News. SINGAPORE - While the number of fatal accidents and road deaths in 2019 dropped to a record low since records began in 1981, Traffic Police Commander Gerald Lim said more can be done. Senior Assistant Commissioner (SAC) Lim said the 2.05 road traffic fatalities per 100,000 population in 2019 were considered "very good" compared with regional statistics. "We are doing well," he said at the release of the Annual Road Traffic Situation 2019 report at the Road Safety Community Park on Monday (Feb 10).
"But a lot more has to be done in terms of elderly pedestrians and motorcyclists. " The latest statistics, down from 2.20 traffic deaths per 100,000 population in 2018, show the downward trend that began in 2010, when the figure stood at 3.8. The number of fatal accidents dipped 3.3 per cent to 116 cases in 2019, from 120 cases in 2018. There were very slight improvements in the number of accidents resulting in injuries and the number of persons injured. Positive reinforcement. Negative reinforcement: Certificate of Merit. What is it? And how can you get one? Getting a driver’s licence ensures that you are qualified to drive.
But along with that comes the responsibility of making sure you drive safely, not just for your sake but also for the sake of other road users. To ensure that drivers are aware of this and keep safety uppermost on their minds while driving, the Traffic Police has instituted a system of rewards and punishments. In March 1983, the Traffic Police introduced the Driver Improvement Points System (DIPS). How does the Driver Improvement System work? Under Singapore’s DIPS, chalking up 24 demerit points or more within 24 consecutive months will result in a suspension of your driving licence for three months.
If you have been suspended before, your licence will be suspended again when you accumulate 12 points within 12 months of your last offence. Motorcyclists pulled over by Traffic Police - for being role models, Singapore News. Rewards For Safe Driving – How You Can Benefit. Positive punishment. Negative punishment. Traffic Offences in Singapore: Demerit Points & Composition Fines (2020 Update) (Photo Credit: Singapore Police Force) Updated: 25 August 2020 Here is the full list of traffic offences that carry demerit points and composition fines in Singapore.
Known as the Driver Improvement Points System (DIPS), it was implemented by the Traffic Police in 1983. Under DIPS, any driver who accumulates 24 demerit points within 24 months will be suspended from driving. If a driver has been previously suspended, he can only accumulate up to 12 demerit points within 12 months before he is liable for another suspension. For new or probationary drivers, they can only amass 13 demerit points within 12 months.
Here’s a table highlighting every traffic offence that carries demerit points and composition fines. Here’s the good new! The same applies for suspensions as well—they will be cleared from a driver’s record if he doesn’t commit any offences for two years after his licence was suspended. We hope you now have a better understanding of traffic offences in Singapore. Download Now.