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Louis_Pasteur
Louis Pasteur ( / ˈ l uː i p æ ˈ s t ɜr / , French: [lwi pastœʁ] ; December 27, 1822 – September 28, 1895) was a French chemist and microbiologist born in Dole . He is remembered for his remarkable breakthroughs in the causes and preventions of diseases. His discoveries reduced mortality from puerperal fever , and he created the first vaccines for rabies and anthrax . His experiments supported the germ theory of disease . He was best known to the general public for inventing a method to stop milk and wine from causing sickness, a process that came to be called pasteurization .
Rudolf Virchow - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre
Rudolf Ludwig Karl Virchow (13 de octubre de 1821 , Schivelbein , Pomerania , Prusia - 5 de septiembre de 1902 , Berlín ) fue un médico alemán considerado como uno de los más prominentes patólogos del siglo XIX . Además de por su labor científica también se le reconoce como estadista, al haber ocupado diversos cargos públicos. Fue pionero del concepto moderno del proceso patológico al presentar su teoría celular , en la que explicaba los efectos de las enfermedades en los órganos y tejidos del cuerpo, enfatizando que las enfermedades surgen no en los órganos o tejidos en general, sino de forma primaria en células individuales , gracias a lo cual acuñó el término “omnis cellula e cellula” (“cada célula es derivada de otra célula [ya existente]”). En 1839 , Virchow empezó a estudiar Medicina en el Instituto de Medicina Friederich Wilhelm de la Universidad de Berlín y se graduó como doctor en medicina en 1843 .
lp_publi.htm
Mémoire de L. Pasteur sur la relation qui peut exister entre la forme cristalline et la composition chimique et sur la cause de la polarisation rotatoire Recherches de L.Augustin-Jean Fresnel ( / f r eɪ ˈ n ɛ l / fray- NEL ; French: [ɔɡystɛ̃ ʒɑ̃ fʁɛnɛl] ; 1788–1827), was a French engineer who contributed significantly to the establishment of the theory of wave optics . Fresnel studied the behaviour of light both theoretically and experimentally. He is perhaps best known as the inventor of the Fresnel lens , first adopted in lighthouses while he was a French commissioner of lighthouses, and found in many applications today. His Fresnel equations on waves and reflectivity also form the basis for many applications in computer graphics today - for instance, the rendering of water . [ edit ] Biography Fresnel was the son of an architect, born at Broglie ( Eure ).
Augustin-Jean_Fresnel
Étienne-Louis Malus (23 July 1775 – 24 February 1812) was a French officer , engineer , physicist , and mathematician . Malus was born in Paris , France . He participated in Napoleon's expedition into Egypt (1798 to 1801) and was a member of the mathematics section of the Institut d'Égypte . Malus became a member of the Académie des Sciences in 1810. In 1810 the Royal Society of London awarded him the Rumford Medal .
Etienne-Louis_Malus
Fran%C3%A7ois_Arago
François Jean Dominique Arago ( Catalan : Francesc Joan Domènec Aragó ), known simply as François Arago ( French: [fʁɑ̃swa aʁaɡo] ; Catalan: Francesc Aragó , IPA: [fɾənˈsɛsk əɾəˈɣo] ) (1786–1853), was a French mathematician , physicist , astronomer and politician . [ edit ] Early life and work Arago was born at Estagel , a small village near Perpignan , in the département of Pyrénées-Orientales , France, where his father held the position of Treasurer of the Mint.
Jean-Baptiste_Biot
Jean-Baptiste Biot (21 April 1774 – 3 February 1862) was a French physicist , astronomer , and mathematician who established the reality of meteorites , made an early balloon flight, and studied the polarization of light . [ edit ] Biography Jean-Baptiste Biot was born in Paris, France on 21 April 1774 and died in Paris on 3 February 1862. Biot served in the artillery before he was appointed professor of mathematics at Beauvais in 1797. He later went on to become a professor of physics at the Collège de France around 1800, and three years later was elected as a member of the Academy of Sciences. In 1804 Biot was on board for the first scientific hot-air balloon ride with Gay-Lussac (NNDB 2009, O’Connor and Robertson 1997).