Marché financiers - Régulation
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C'est un document de 365 pages qui appelle à déclencher une petite révolution au pays de la City. Après quatorze mois de travail, la commission indépendante dirigée par l'économiste John Vickers a remis lundi 12 septembre un rapport attendu . Commandé par le gouvernement britannique pour qu'un scénario de la crise financière de 2008 ne se reproduise pas, il recommande un changement radical du fonctionnement des banques.
Le Royaume-Uni s'engage vers une réforme radicale de son système bancaire#mf_sid=407417610#mf_sid=407417610#mf_sid=407417610#mf_sid=407417610
The Basel Accords (see alternative spellings below) refer to the banking supervision Accords (recommendations on banking regulations)— Basel I , Basel II and Basel III —issued by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS). They are called the Basel Accords as the BCBS maintains its secretariat at the Bank for International Settlements in Basel , Switzerland and the committee normally meets there. [ edit ] The Basel Committee Formerly, the Basel Committee consisted of representatives from central banks and regulatory authorities of the Group of Ten countries plus Luxembourg and Spain .
Basel Accords - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Basel II - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Basel II is the second of the Basel Accords , (now extended and effectively superseded by Basel III ), which are recommendations on banking laws and regulations issued by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision . Basel II, initially published in June 2004, was intended to create an international standard for banking regulators to control how much capital banks need to put aside to guard against the types of financial and operational risks banks (and the whole economy) face. One focus was to maintain sufficient consistency of regulations so that this does not become a source of competitive inequality amongst internationally active banks. Advocates of Basel II believed that such an international standard could help protect the international financial system from the types of problems that might arise should a major bank or a series of banks collapse.Basel III - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
BASEL III is a global regulatory standard on bank capital adequacy , stress testing and market liquidity risk agreed upon by the members of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision in 2010-11. [ 1 ] This, the third of the Basel Accords ( see Basel I , Basel II ) was developed in response to the deficiencies in financial regulation revealed by the late-2000s financial crisis . Basel III strengthens bank capital requirements and introduces new regulatory requirements on bank liquidity and bank leverage .
Basel 3
Sous ce terme obscur de règlementation prudentielle se cache les termes encore plus obscurs que sont le Tier One ou le Ratio Cooke. La règlementation prudentielle précise en réalité tous les éléments susceptibles de limiter les faillites en cascade des banques. En effet, l'objectif est d'éviter que la faillite d'une banque n'entraîne la faillite de tout le système financier. Suite à la défaillance d'un établissement allemand, plusieurs gouverneurs de Banque Centrale ont décidé de se réunir au sein d'un comité pour établir des règles visant à réduire les risques de propagation d'une crise financière, en 1974.
Règlementation prudentielle : Tier One, Ratio Cooke, etc. (sur Edubourse.com)
Tier 1 capital is the core measure of a bank 's financial strength from a regulator 's point of view. It is composed of core capital , [ 1 ] which consists primarily of common stock and disclosed reserves (or retained earnings ), [ 2 ] but may also include non-redeemable non-cumulative preferred stock . The Basel Committee also observed that banks have used innovative instruments over the years to generate Tier 1 capital; these are subject to stringent conditions and are limited to a maximum of 15% of total Tier 1 capital. Capital in this sense is related to, but different from, the accounting concept of shareholders' equity .
Tier 1 capital - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Tier 2 capital , or supplementary capital, include a number of important and legitimate constituents of a bank's capital base [ 1 ] . These forms of banking capital were largely standardized in the Basel I accord, issued by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and left untouched by the Basel II accord. National regulators of most countries around the world have implemented these standards in local legislation.
Tier 2 capital - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Solvency II Directive 2009/138/EC is an EU Directive that codifies and harmonises the EU insurance regulation. Primarily this concerns the amount of capital that EU insurance companies must hold to reduce the risk of insolvency . Once the Omnibus II directive is approved by the European Parliament, Solvency II will be scheduled to come into effect on 1 January 2014. EU insurance legislation aims to unify a single EU insurance market and enhance consumer protection. The third-generation Insurance Directives established an "EU passport" (single licence) for insurers to operate in all member states if they fulfilled EU conditions. Many member states concluded the EU minima were not enough, and took up their own reforms, which still lead to differing regulations, hampering the goal of a single market.
Solvency II - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Sarbanes–Oxley Act - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Sarbanes–Oxley Act of 2002 ( Pub.L. 107-204 , 116 Stat. 745, enacted July 29, 2002), also known as the 'Public Company Accounting Reform and Investor Protection Act' (in the Senate ) and 'Corporate and Auditing Accountability and Responsibility Act' (in the House ) and more commonly called Sarbanes–Oxley , Sarbox or SOX , is a United States federal law that set new or enhanced standards for all U.S. public company boards, management and public accounting firms. It is named after sponsors U.S. Senator Paul Sarbanes ( D - MD ) and U.S.