Richard Stanton
Discovery of oldest human DNA in Spanish cave sheds light on evolution | Science. Researchers have read strands of ancient DNA teased from the thigh bone of an early human who died 400,000 years ago in what is now northern Spain. The genetic material was pieced together from a clutch of cells found in bone fragments – the oldest human remains ever to yield their genetic code. The work deepens understanding of the genetics of human evolution by about 200,000 years, raising hopes that researchers can build a clearer picture of the earliest branches of the human family tree by studying the genetic make-up of fossilised remains dug up elsewhere. "This is proof of principle that it can be done," said Matthias Meyer at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig.
"We are now very eager to explore other sites of a similar age. " The thigh bone was among the remains of at least 28 early human ancestors found at the bottom of a vertical shaft in a cave complex in the Atapuerca mountains in northern Spain. Study confirms that Neanderthals and humans got it on. The genetic similarities between certain human populations and Neanderthals are striking. Indeed, many researchers think the Europeans and Asians inherited between 1 and 4 percent of their DNA from Neanderthals, yet scientists have struggled to demonstrate with a high degree of certainty that these genetic similarities are the result of interbreeding between these two species. Now, a pair of European scientists say that they have confirmed the human-Neanderthal reproduction hypothesis using statistical modeling — and these results, the researchers add, should go a long way to change the way we think of other human-like species.
In the past, genetic similarities between Neanderthals and humans have been associated with two possible scenarios. "A model that involves interbreeding is much more likely. " "We did a bunch of math to compute the likelihood of two different scenarios," says Laurent Frantz, study co-author and evolutionary biologist at Wageningen University in the Netherlands. Geologic Time Clock. Prehistoric Cave-art. Prehistoric Cave Art: Prehistoric cave-art is important as it serves as some of the best means of showing the interaction between our primitive ancestors and the world as they perceived it.
The Image (right) is the most basic self portrait (From Pech Merle, c. 25,000 BP). Through it we can see the first steps of our awakenings as a species. There are certain characteristics of cave-art that allow us to begin to form an impression of the people behind the drawings, often found at the depths of long, deep tunnel systems in small secretive caverns. Quick Links: Article: Nature.com (May, 2013) 'The Earliest Known Cave Paintings Fuel Arguments About Whether Neanderthals Were The Mental Equivalent to Modern Humans'. Predatory Felines. The first real claim for the existence of Palaeolithic cave art was that made in 1880 for the Spanish cave of Altamira by a local landowner, de Sautuola.
The Distribution of European Cave-art. Distribution of primary Palaeolithic cave-art locations in Eurasia. '"..S. 50 Best Free Microsoft Word Tutorials, Books & Resources. Microsoft Word is the first tool that comes to mind when you’re asked to write a report, a letter, an invitation, or a resume. That’s because it’s been the standard word processing software for more than three decades and just continues to improve over the years. In fact, Word’s 2013 version has so many new built-in features as well as souped-up capabilities that you can use it to create just about any type of high quality document. However, learning how to optimize all of Word’s functionalities takes a while, and you might need a little help from excellent and generous sources on the Web. We did the recon for you and came up with 50 of the best free Word tutorials, guides, cheats, and add-ins (now referred to as “apps” by Microsoft) that will save you time and effort at serving up professional grade documents.
On the off-chance that you’re new to Word, you can outsmart the learning curve by joining a few ord tutorials. 16.07 Proofreader’s marks - 16 Revision and Proofreading - The Canadian Style - TERMIUM Plus® - Translation Bureau. If you are not responsible for producing final copy and have to indicate your revisions on the draft, you must use proofreader’s marks to help the typesetter or other specialist understand and make the changes required. If you are proofreading typeset material, you must distinguish between typesetting errors and changes you or the author have decided to make. The mark "AA" (author’s/editor’s alterations) indicates such alterations. Copy should be at least double-spaced within a 4-cm margin around the text. Proofreader’s marks can be made in red ink in the right-hand space; editing notes can be made in another colour in the left-hand space. (a) Common proofreader’s marks and their use Marginal marks are on the left; where required, in-line marks are on the right within the explanatory text.
(b) Example of proofread page (c) Glossary of terms Alterations Changes made in the copy after it has been set in type. Bullets Large dots indicating items in a series. Composition Folio The page number. Font Pica. Excellent Video Clips on Plagiarism to Share with Your Students. 1- What is Plagiarism 2- A Quick Guide to Plagiarism 3- Plagiarism: a film by Murdokh 4- Avoid Plagiarism in Research papers with paraphrases and quotations 5- Before he cheats: A teacher parody 6- 10 types of plagiarism. Easy Novel Outline – Free Writing Lessons and Worksheets.
Here you'll find easy novel outline techniques to plan your book step by step, along with worksheets for planning characters and scenes. This is just one of many pages on this website with creative writing worksheets and advice. At the bottom, you'll find links to related pages on how to write a novel. An outline for your novel A novel outline is a plan for a novel.
If you are doing this for yourself and not for an editor, then the good news is there are no rights or wrongs. You can type up your outline with Roman numerals, or you can paint it on the carpet in lipstick if that works for you. Every author has his or her own system. Why outline your novel? It can make it less intimidating to start writing. Advertisement: Dangers of a novel outline A reason some writers prefer not to work with a detailed outline is that they feel that the outline stifles their creativity and makes them less spontaneous. Top tips for your novel outline A simple way to outline Who will be your main character? Native American Proverbs, Quotes, and Chants. The Native Americans (also known as the Indians or the American Indians) are the original inhabitants of the Americas (North, South and Central America including the Caribbean / West Indies Islands; all of which is also called the New World or the Western Hemisphere).
Origins Some scientists and archeologists believe that the Native Americans were people who originally came to the Americas from Asia around 13,000 BC, but possibly as early as 33,000 BC. This was a time when there was much more dry land on the earth than there is today, including a land route from Asia to North America. As centuries passed, much of the earth’s land submerged under water due to severe climate changes. Other groups contend that Native Americans do not derive from Asian immigrants. Early Native American Life Very early groups of Native Americans were probably hunter-gatherers who formed small groups of about 30 people, and frequently moved.
Spreading Throughout the Americas General Life Children and Adolescents. Native American Wisdom, Sayings, Quotes, Philosophy. A collection of sayings, quotes and words of wisdom reflecting the beliefs and philosophy of the Native Americans. Also offered are a selection of Native American books and Native American music which can be purchased through Amazon. This section also provides articles and links that provide information dealing with the issues of prejudice and shameful displacement that are still faced by the Native Americans to this day.
Native American Wisdom & Quotes : - Native American Wisdom Quotes - Native American Code Of Ethics - The Indian Ten Commandments - Seven Philosophies For A Native American Man - The 23rd Psalm, Native American Version - The Invitation - The Little White Lie - It's Time To Wake Up! Native American Books, Music & Resources: - Native American Books - Native American Music - Native American Directory Related Products: Video - Native American Genocide: Other Native American Websites: Daily Meditation Of The Elders A daily spiritual lesson... Native American Proverbs and Wisdom. When we show our respect for other living things, they respond with respect for us. - Arapaho If we wonder often, the gift of knowledge will come. - Arapaho Most of us do not look as handsome to others as we do to ourselves. - Assiniboine Those that lie down with dogs, get up with fleas. - Blackfoot In age, talk; in childhood, tears. - Hopi We always return to our first loves. - Tribe Unknown What is life?
It is the flash of a firefly in the night. When you were born, you cried and the world rejoiced. Those who have one foot in the canoe, and one foot in the boat, are going to fall into the river. - Tuscarora The weakness of the enemy makes our strength. - Cherokee When the white man discovered this country, Indians were running it. A good soldier is a poor scout. - Cheyenne Poverty is a noose that strangles humility and breeds disrespect for God and man. - Sioux We will be known forever by the tracks we leave. - Dakota There is nothing as eloquent as a rattlesnakes tail. - Navajo. Measures of central tendency mean median and mode. Existentialisme. Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. L’existentialisme est un courant philosophique et littéraire qui postule que l'être humain forme l'essence de sa vie par ses propres actions, en opposition à la thèse que ces dernières lui sont prédéterminées par de quelconques doctrines théologiques, philosophiques ou morales.
L'existentialisme considère donc chaque personne comme un être unique qui est maître, non seulement de ses actes et de son destin, mais également, pour le meilleur comme pour le pire, des valeurs qu'il décide d'adopter. Selon Sartre, la famille passe avant le rêve de soi-même. Walter Kaufmann décrit l'existentialisme comme « le refus d'appartenir à une quelconque école de pensée, la répudiation de l'adéquation d'une quelconque croyance, et en particulier des systèmes, et une insatisfaction de la philosophie traditionnelle considérée comme superficielle, académique et éloignée de la vie[1]. » Introduction[modifier | modifier le code] Concepts[modifier | modifier le code] Self Concept: Identity Theory Humanistic View. Snygg and Combs. Dr. C. George Boeree Sometimes, a theory fails to gain the attention it deserves because it is too simple, too clear, too practical. Snygg and Combs' theory is a good example. Although it has had a quiet impact on a number of humanists, it didn't have the "pizzazz" other theories did.
The phenomenal field First, "all behavior, without exception, is completely determined by and pertinent to the phenomenal field of the behaving organism. " And so, if we wish to understand and predict people's behavior, we need to get at their phenomenal field. And then you are set to understand and predict the person's behavior, since, as the quote above says, all their behavior will follow as a reasonable, meaningful, purposeful response to the person's phenomenal field. One motive Which brings us to Snygg and Combs' understanding of motivation: "The basic need of everyone is to preserve and enhance the phenomenal self, and the characteristics of all parts of the field are governed by this need. " Readings. You Won’t Stay the Same, Study Finds. By Mac William Bishop, Channon Hodge, Pedro Rafael Rosado and Erica Berenstein Self-Perception, Past and Future: The Times’s John Tierney discusses new research showing that people tend to “underestimate how much they will change in the future.”
They called this phenomenon the “end of history illusion,” in which people tend to “underestimate how much they will change in the future.” According to their research, which involved more than 19,000 people ages 18 to 68, the illusion persists from teenage years into retirement. “Middle-aged people — like me — often look back on our teenage selves with some mixture of amusement and chagrin,” said one of the authors, Daniel T. Gilbert, a psychologist at Harvard. “What we never seem to realize is that our future selves will look back and think the very same thing about us.
Other psychologists said they were intrigued by the findings, published Thursday in the journal Science, and were impressed with the amount of supporting evidence. Why? Dr. The end is always nigh in the human mind - opinion - 07 June 2011. Why are we so attracted to prophecies of doom, from religious raptures to environmental collapse? It's part of our psychology IN 1919, William Butler Yeats wrote The Second Coming, an allegory of the atmosphere in Europe after the carnage of the first world war.
Things fall apart; the centre cannot hold;Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world,The blood-dimmed tide is loosed, and everywhereThe ceremony of innocence is drowned;The best lack all conviction, while the worstAre full of passionate intensity. The poem draws heavily on the mythic narrative of the apocalypse - or at least the first half of it, destruction. What usually follows is rebirth and redemption, a second chance, life born anew. The latest incarnation of the destruction-redemption myth is brought to you by numerological number-cruncher and evangelical Christian radio host Harold Camping.
Like Camping's rapture, many of these prognostications have failed to unfold. Why, then, do we find the basic narrative so appealing? The story of the self. Memory is our past and future. To know who you are as a person, you need to have some idea of who you have been. And, for better or worse, your remembered life story is a pretty good guide to what you will do tomorrow. "Our memory is our coherence," wrote the surrealist Spanish-born film-maker, Luis Buñuel, "our reason, our feeling, even our action. " Lose your memory and you lose a basic connection with who you are. It's no surprise, then, that there is fascination with this quintessentially human ability.
This is quite a trick, psychologically speaking, and it has made cognitive scientists determined to find out how it is done. When you ask people about their memories, they often talk as though they were material possessions, enduring representations of the past to be carefully guarded and deeply cherished. We know this from many different sources of evidence. Even highly emotional memories are susceptible to distortion. What accounts for this unreliability? Self-Consciousness Psychology of self. A Brief Guide to Embodied Cognition: Why You Are Not Your Brain | Guest Blog. Rome. Rome. Philosophy/ Psychology. London.
Book Creators. Quizmakers. 7 traits kids need to succeed. Cartoons Psycho. Off the mark - psychology cartoons by mark parisi. How to Cultivate Mindfulness & the Meditation Habit.