The Information Philosopher - dedicated to the new information philosophy. How politics makes us stupid. In April and May of 2013, Yale Law professor Dan Kahan — working with coauthors Ellen Peters, Erica Cantrell Dawson, and Paul Slovic — set out to test a question that continuously puzzles scientists: why isn’t good evidence more effective in resolving political debates?
For instance, why doesn’t the mounting proof that climate change is a real threat persuade more skeptics? The leading theory, Kahan and his coauthors wrote, is the Science Comprehension Thesis, which says the problem is that the public doesn’t know enough about science to judge the debate. It’s a version of the More Information Hypothesis: a smarter, better educated citizenry wouldn’t have all these problems reading the science and accepting its clear conclusion on climate change. But Kahan and his team had an alternative hypothesis. Perhaps people aren’t held back by a lack of knowledge. After all, they don’t typically doubt the findings of oceanographers or the existence of other galaxies. Sean Hannity. (Dan Kahan. Human Computer Interaction - Google Scholar-Kennzahlen. A meta-analysis of the technology acceptance model. A Katz Graduate School of Business, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USAb School of Management, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, MI 48126, USA Received 9 September 2005, Revised 8 March 2006, Accepted 13 May 2006, Available online 2 August 2006 Choose an option to locate/access this article: Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution Check access doi:10.1016/j.im.2006.05.003 Get rights and content Abstract A statistical meta-analysis of the technology acceptance model (TAM) as applied in various fields was conducted using 88 published studies that provided sufficient data to be credible.
Keywords Technology acceptance model; TAM; Meta-analysis; Perceived usefulness; Ease of use; Behavioral intention Copyright © 2006 Elsevier B.V. William R. Jun He is an assistant professor of MIS at the University of Michigan-Dearborn. Johns Hopkins Magazine. For Hopkins bioethicists, who grapple daily with the tough ethical questions inherent in research involving human subjects, Miller's call for a change in culture at Hopkins has particular resonance. Like him, they see the emphasis on compliance as a necessary starting point for a broader, long-term institutional exploration of ethical issues. "From our perspective, what we're not talking about is a change to a culture of compliance, though [compliance] is very important," says Ruth Faden, director of the Johns Hopkins Bioethics Institute. "From an ethics point of view, that's a mere beginning and utterly unsatisfying in the long run.
" Regulations, Faden notes, provide the parameters, but don't address the specifics. Is it ethical, for example, in studies of minimal risk to enroll children who are in foster care? Geller offers the issue of informed consent as an example. Special thanks to Joanne Cavanaugh Simpson, who contributed to the reporting of this article. Go to The Hope for a Cure. User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction. This journal provides an interdisciplinary forum for the dissemination of new research results on all aspects of user modeling and user-adapted interaction.
User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction publishes high quality original papers contributing to these fields, including the following areas: acquisition of user and student models; conceptual models, mental models; levels of user expertise; intelligent information retrieval; adaptive hypertext and hypermedia; adaptation to the handicapped and elderly; user stereotypes; formal representation of user and student models; applications in office machines and consumer electronics; and privacy and security of information for personalization.
User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction is ideal for researchers, students and industrial practitioners in human-computer interaction, the instructional sciences, artificial intelligence, and linguistics. For additional Journal Rankings, please visit: hide. A change in the climate: Online social capital and the spiral of silence | Sheehan. A change in the climate: Online social capital and the spiral of silence Kim Sheehan Abstract This study explores the connection between online social capital and the Spiral of Silence. Online social capital is an individual’s network of social connections, a network that enables and encourages social cooperation. The Spiral of Silence theory suggests that an opinion can become dominant if those who perceive their opinion to be in the minority do not speak up because society threatens them with isolation.
Keywords Social capital; spiral of silence; Selective exposure theory. Theory within the practice of psychology Selective exposure is a theory within the practice of psychology, often used in media and communication research, that historically refers to individuals' tendency to favor information which reinforces their pre-existing views while avoiding contradictory information. Selective exposure has also been known and defined as "congeniality bias" or "confirmation bias" in various texts throughout the years.[1] According to the historical use of the term, people tend to select specific aspects of exposed information which they incorporate into their mindset.
These selections are made based on their perspectives, beliefs, attitudes, and decisions.[2] People can mentally dissect the information they are exposed to and select favorable evidence, while ignoring the unfavorable. Selective exposure relies on the assumption that one will continue to seek out information on an issue even after an individual has taken a stance on it. Personal attributes[edit] Confirmation bias. Tendency of people to favor information that confirms their beliefs or values Confirmation bias, also known as myside bias, is the tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms or supports one's prior beliefs or values.[1] People display this bias when they select information that supports their views, ignoring contrary information, or when they interpret ambiguous evidence as supporting their existing attitudes.
The effect is strongest for desired outcomes, for emotionally charged issues, and for deeply entrenched beliefs. Confirmation bias cannot be eliminated entirely, but it can be managed, for example, by education and training in critical thinking skills. Confirmation bias is a broad construct covering a number of explanations. A series of psychological experiments in the 1960s suggested that people are biased toward confirming their existing beliefs.
Definition and context[edit] Confirmation biases are effects in information processing. Infostorms - Hansen - 2013 - Metaphilosophy. Towards a definition of serendipity in information behaviour. Introduction Serendipitous discovery of information is different from purposive information seeking, as it is more about encountering or stumbling upon information when not directly looking for it (Erdelez 1995, 1997, 2005; Toms 2000a, 2000b; Cunha, 2005; Lawley and Tompkins 2008; McCay-Peet and Toms, 2010; Makri and Blandford 2012a, 2012b), often drawing a reaction of happiness, surprise or simply an ahah! Moment (and, sometimes, disappointment as well). We think of serendipity as chance finding of pertinent information, either when not looking for anything in particular or when looking for information on something else (Cunha, 2005; McCay-Peet and Toms, 2010). Both are of interest in this paper.
Serendipity has long been of concern in the field of information science, going back, for example, to the 19th century cataloguing and classification schemes of Cutter, as means to ensure 'the quick finding of any particular book' (1876, p. 526). Literature review Information behaviour Conclusion. 10. Author(s): Stephann Makri (UCL Interaction Centre, University College London, London, UK) Ann Blandford (UCL Interaction Centre, University College London, London, UK) Citation: Stephann Makri, Ann Blandford, (2012) "Coming across information serendipitously – Part 1: A process model", , Vol. 68 Iss: 5, pp.684 - 705 Downloads: The fulltext of this document has been downloaded 719 times since 2012 Acknowledgements: The authors would like to thank the interviewees for participating, James Lawley for his insightful comments on an early draft and the reviewers for their highly valued feedback. Abstract: This research seeks to gain a detailed understanding of how researchers come across information serendipitously, grounded in real‐world examples.
Design/methodology/approach Semi‐structured critical incident interviews were conducted with 28 interdisciplinary researchers. Keywords: Type: Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Serendipity dimensions and users' information behaviour in the physical library interface. Introduction This paper outlines an exploratory study concerned with what types of information behaviour users employ in order to find materials in a public library: How do users find what they find? Special focus was on identifying dimensions in the physical library that may affect possibilities for serendipity, that is, when users find materials and information not planned for (e.g., Foster and Ford 2003; Van Andel 1994). An underlying incentive in the study was a realization that in order to design physical spaces in public libraries that may attract users and prevent library bypass, it is important to know more about library users' information behaviour.
The overall aim of the study was to develop a conceptual framework including models to describe users' interaction with library interfaces. Users' information behaviour in public libraries has been investigated in different ways over the past decades. With this as background, the two main research questions in the study were: Engage: Social Media Talks. AfterCollege.png (PNG Image, 1125 × 3750 pixels) - Scaled (26%) Alessandro Acquisti-The Economics of Privacy-Resources on financial privacy,economics,anonymity. This page provides links to resources on the economics of privacy, financial privacy, and the economics of anonymity: papers, people, related conferences, and other links.
Behind a privacy intrusion there is often an economic trade-off. The reduction of the cost of storing and manipulating information has led organizations to capture increasing amounts of data about individual behavior. The hunger for customization and usability has led individuals to reveal more about themselves to other parties. New trade-offs have emerged in which privacy, economics, and technology are inextricably linked: individuals want to avoid the misuse of the information they pass along to others, but they also want to share enough information to achieve satisfactory interactions; organizations want to know more about the parties with which they interact, but they do not want to alienate them with policies deemed as intrusive.
To subscribe/unsubscribe to updates, send an email to privacy_subscribe. Categories: 294.pdf. A Periodic Table of Visualization Methods. Markham Nolan: How to separate fact and fiction online. Markham Nolan: How to separate fact and fiction online. BELBIN®: The home of Belbin Team Roles.
Amy Jo Kim. Amy Jo Kim is an American author and researcher on the subject of online communities. She is noted for her influential conceptual frameworks for online communities, in particular the Membership Lifecycle that was presented in her 2000 book, Community Building on the Web,[1] a design handbook for networked communities. It is considered to be a "cult classic" (available in seven languages) and has become required reading in game design studios and university classes worldwide.[2] Education[edit] Kim holds a PhD in Behavioral Neuroscience from the University of Washington, and a BS in Experimental Psychology from University of California, San Diego.
Professional life[edit] Kim has been a designer of social games and gaming environments for clients like Digital Chocolate, Electronic Arts, eBay, Yahoo! Kim was formerly the VP of Social Architecture for There, Inc., a virtual worlds platform and services company. Speaking engagements[edit] Personal life[edit] Amy Jo Kim is married to Scott Kim. Interviewing Users. Interviewing is a foundational user research tool that people assume they already possess. Everyone can ask questions, right? Unfortunately, that’s not the case. Interviewing Users provides invaluable interviewing techniques and tools that enable you to conduct informative interviews with anyone.
You’ll move from simply gathering data to uncovering powerful insights about people. Steve’s book is based on his extensive expertise with qualitative ethnography, and is a must-read for students of design research. Storytelling for User Experience. Crafting Stories for Better Design Published: April 2010 Digital: ISBN 1-933820-03-9 by Whitney Quesenbery & Kevin Brooks Storytelling is as old as humanity.
We seem to have forgotten this communication art, its wisdom, and its pleasure, in an era of action-movies with mindless superheroes and heroines. Quesenbery and Brooks help us to remember the power of effective and affective storytelling in all phases of product/service development, from research and analysis, to design and evaluation. All the roads of storytelling lead to better understanding of oneself, of users, of stakeholders in the success of the user experience. This useful and innovative book treats the key components of good storytelling in developing user experiences and provides smart, focused advice for putting techniques into practice.
" We all tell stories. If you... ... this book can help you, by showing you how and when to choose, create and use stories. “Storytelling for User Experience” Blog Kevin Brooks Story-tastic. Quantified Self. Elements. User Experience Deliverables. January 27, 2009 It's an exhilarating time for the user experience community.
Rising awareness of our value plus emerging technologies and transmedia trends have created conditions for a step change in our practice. As an information architect, I'm enjoying the new challenges immensely, even as they sweep me outside my comfort zone. I've designed social software and rich user interfaces. Consequently, I'm rethinking my role, redefining my deliverables, and embracing new forms of interdisciplinary collaboration. Together, we're hoping to bring search to life with colorful, compelling stories, maps, and illustrations, which brings us back to deliverables. Tools for Thinking Two books have inspired me to think differently about discovery, communication, and design.
Proverbs are the Holy Grail of simplicity. We need to open gaps before we close them. The story's power, then, is twofold: It provides simulation (knowledge about how to act) and inspiration (motivation to act). The Deliverables. Happiness / 7 cmdt. | naresh agarwal. Undergraduate Scholarly Habits Ethnography Project. Gernot Wersig: Zur Zukunft der Metapher "Informationswissenschaft" INLS 101: Foundations of Information Science, Spring 2013: Schedule.
Informationsverhalten. Theories (Book by Wilson) Usability.