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Fields of psychology

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Animal cognition. Animal cognition is the study of the mental capacities of animals.

Animal cognition

It has developed out of comparative psychology, including the study of animal conditioning and learning, but has also been strongly influenced by research in ethology, behavioral ecology, and evolutionary psychology. The alternative name cognitive ethology is therefore sometimes used; much of what used to be considered under the title of animal intelligence is now thought of under this heading.[1] Research has examined animal cognition in mammals (especially primates, cetaceans, elephants, dogs, cats, horses,[2][3] raccoons and rodents), birds (including parrots, corvids and pigeons), reptiles (lizards and snakes), fish and invertebrates (including cephalopods, spiders and insects).[1] Historical background[edit] Animal cognition from anecdote to laboratory[edit] The behavioristic half-century[edit] The work of Thorndike, Pavlov and a little later of the outspoken behaviorist John B. The cognitive revolution[edit] Comparative psychology. Comparative psychology refers to the scientific study of the behavior and mental processes of non-human animals, especially as these relate to the phylogenetic history, adaptive significance, and development of behavior.

Comparative psychology

Research in this area addresses many different issues, uses many different methods, and explores the behavior of many different species, from insects to primates.[1][2] 10 Ways Our Minds Warp Time. How time perception is warped by life-threatening situations, eye movements, tiredness, hypnosis, age, the emotions and more… The mind does funny things to our experience of time.

10 Ways Our Minds Warp Time

Just ask French cave expert Michel Siffre. In 1962 Siffre went to live in a cave that was completely isolated from mechanical clocks and natural light. He soon began to experience a huge change in his perception of time. When he tried to measure out two minutes by counting up to 120 at one-second intervals, it took him 5 minutes. The Illusion of Asymmetric Insight. The Misconception: You celebrate diversity and respect others’ points of view.

The Illusion of Asymmetric Insight

The Truth: You are driven to create and form groups and then believe others are wrong just because they are others. Source: “Lord of the Flies,” 1963, Two Arts Ltd. In 1954, in eastern Oklahoma, two tribes of children nearly killed each other. The neighboring tribes were unaware of each other’s existence. Separately, they lived among nature, played games, constructed shelters, prepared food – they knew peace. 15 Styles of Distorted Thinking.

Transactional Analysis. Transactional Analysis (TA) is a theory of personality and a systematic psychotherapy for personal growth and personal change.

Transactional Analysis

TA was founded by Eric Berne in the 1950s and 1960s and has been evolving ever since. It is now a well-established approach used widely in psychotherapy, counselling, education and organisational development and other areas. As well as providing a theory of personality, Transactional Analysis offers a range of models that can be used to explain communication and relationships.

These models can help identify what goes wrong in communication and how to interact for a better outcome. The therapeutic applications of TA focus on providing opportunity for individuals to change repetitive patterns. Used with individuals, couples and groups, TA is effective with a wide range of therapeutic issues. TA is also beneficial in settings such as organisational training and consultancy, parenting, education, personal development and coaching. The ego-state model (PAC model) UKATA – UK Association for Transactional Analysis. Procrastination Portal. Psychology, Behavior & Sexuality. The Seven Habits of Highly Emotionally Healthy People. Knowledge. Social, Cognitive & Biological. Applied psychology. 35 Psychological Tricks To Help You Learn Better. Have you ever considered letting your students listen to hardcore punk while they take their mid-term exam?

35 Psychological Tricks To Help You Learn Better

Decided to do away with Power Point presentations during your lectures? Urged your students to memorize more in order to remember more? If the answer is no, you may want to rethink your notions of psychology and its place in the learning environment. Below are 35 proven psychological phenomena that affect you and your students every day: 1. Definition: It is easiest to recall information when you are in a state similar to the one in which you initially learned the material.

Application: Urge your students to sit in the same room they studied in when they complete their take-home quiz. 2. Definition: The tendency to overemphasize internal explanations for the behavior of others, while failing to take into account the power of the situation. Application: Sometimes students need your help distinguishing between internal and external factors that affect academic performance.

The Mystery of Personal Identity: What Makes You and Your Childhood Self the Same Person Despite a Lifetime of Change. Education & learning. Learn. Theory of mind. 10 Great Reasons to Earn a Psychology Degree - Why Major In Psychology. Can you guess which college major is one of the most popular among undergraduate students all over the world?

10 Great Reasons to Earn a Psychology Degree - Why Major In Psychology

Metacognition. Metacognition is defined as "cognition about cognition", or "knowing about knowing".

Metacognition

It comes from the root word "meta", meaning beyond.[1] It can take many forms; it includes knowledge about when and how to use particular strategies for learning or for problem solving.[1] There are generally two components of metacognition: knowledge about cognition, and regulation of cognition.[2] Metamemory, defined as knowing about memory and mnemonic strategies, is an especially important form of metacognition.[3] Differences in metacognitive processing across cultures have not been widely studied, but could provide better outcomes in cross-cultural learning between teachers and students.[4] Some evolutionary psychologists hypothesize that metacognition is used as a survival tool, which would make metacognition the same across cultures.[4] Writings on metacognition can be traced back at least as far as De Anima and the Parva Naturalia of the Greek philosopher Aristotle.[5] Definitions[edit] [edit]

Life of the Mind. Is psychology a science? As a psychologist – I received my PhD in clinical psychology – I have long been concerned by the problematic reputation of psychology in the public eye.

Is psychology a science?

Our besieged public standing has made it difficult for psychologists to obtain much-needed funding to carry out research, and it may make would-be mental health consumers less likely to approach us for help. Psychology’s already embattled status as a science has taken several recent hits in the public eye – not least in the US, where I do my research. Last year, US Senator Thomas Coburn released a report arguing we should strip social science funding from the National Science Foundation (NSF) and to eliminate NSF’s Social, Behavioral, and Economics Directorate. The report read, in part, that: The social sciences should not be the focus of our premier basic scientific research agency. Www.quantumfieldpsychology.com/QFPmadesimple.pdf. Personality Psychology Links by Subtopic. Www.hoganassessments.com/_hoganweb/documents/What Is Personality Psychology.pdf.

Personality, habits of thought and gender influence how we remember. We all have them -- positive memories of personal events that are a delight to recall, and painful recollections that we would rather forget.

Personality, habits of thought and gender influence how we remember

A new study reveals that what we do with our emotional memories and how they affect us has a lot to do with our gender, personality and the methods we use (often without awareness) to regulate our feelings. The study appears in Emotion, a journal of the American Psychological Association. "We're looking at traits that are associated with the way that people process the emotional world and the way that they respond to it," said University of Illinois psychology professor Florin Dolcos, who conducted the study with postdoctoral researcher Sanda Dolcos and University of Alberta postdoctoral researcher Ekaterina Denkova.

"We wanted to look not only at how personality traits might influence what and how people remember, but also to examine how that impacts their (subsequent) emotional state. " Personality Theories: An Introduction. Personality Theories: An Introduction Dr. C. George Boeree Personality psychology, also known as personology, is the study of the person, that is, the whole human individual. Personality Textbook. Personality Psychology - The Psychology of Personality. Learn more about personality, how it develops, and how it influences our behavior. Read about the major theories of personality development. What Is Personality? Learn how psychologists define personality and how it influences our behavior and actions. 10 Fascinating Facts About PersonalityPersonality makes us who we are, but what factors influence our personality?

Can we change our personalities, or do our overall traits remain constant throughout life? Personality psychology. Personality psychology is a branch of psychology that studies personality and its variation between individuals. Its areas of focus include: Construction of a coherent picture of the individual and his or her major psychological processesInvestigation of individual psychological differencesInvestigation of human nature and psychological similarities between individuals "Personality" is a dynamic and organized set of characteristics possessed by a person that uniquely influences his or her cognitions, emotions, motivations, and behaviors in various situations.

The word "personality" originates from the Latin persona, which means mask. In the theatre of the ancient Latin-speaking world, the mask was not used as a plot device to disguise the identity of a character, but instead was a convention employed to represent or typify that character. Personality - Psychology of Personality. Key Figures & Theories Gordon Allport Gordon Allport was an American psychologist who focused on individuals personalities. Allport is sometimes referred to as the founder of personality psychology.

He believed that the study of personality could be characterized in 2 ways. The first, nomothetic, refers to traits and rules of personality that can be generalized to large amounts and types of people. The second, idiographic psychology, states that there are characteristics that are unique to the individual. Personality psychology. Personality Psychology. Personality. Evolutionary Psychology FAQ. Evolutionary Psychology. Evolutionary psychology and mind & brain news from Scientific American. Evolutionary Psychology. Evolutionary Psychology. 1. Evolutionary Psychology: One research tradition among the various biological approaches to explaining human behavior This entry focuses on the specific approach to evolutionary psychology that is conventionally named by the capitalized phrase “Evolutionary Psychology”. This naming convention is David Buller's (2000; 2005) idea.

He introduces the convention to distinguish a particular research tradition (Laudan 1977) from other approaches to the biology of human behavior.[1] This research tradition is the focus here but lower case is used throughout as no other types of evolutionary psychology are discussed. Evolutionary psychology rests upon specific theoretical principles (presented in section 2 below) not all of which are shared by others working in the biology of human behavior (Laland and Brown 2002). Paul Griffiths argues that evolutionary psychology owes theoretical debt to both sociobiology and ethology (Griffiths 2006; Griffiths 2008). 2. 3. 4. Evolutionary psychology. Evolutionary Psychology: Entry. Evolutionary Psychology. Evolutionary Psychology This paper addresses a fundamental limitation in most attempts to apply the findings of evolutionary psychology to the human condition.

Most attempts focus on how our biological past constrains and limits our behavioural options (including our cognitive abilities). Homepage.psy.utexas.edu/homepage/students/easton/EP_AP.pdf. What is Evolutionary Psycholgy? Evolutionary Psychology index. ...............EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGY............. Fields of Psychology « General Psychology. Dr. Deb: The Fields of Psychology. What are the different fields of specialization in psychology. Educational psychology. Educational psychology is the study of human learning. The study of learning processes, both cognitive and affective, allows researchers to understand individual differences in behavior, personality, intellect, and self- concept. The field of educational psychology heavily relies on testing, measurement, assessment, evaluation, and training to enhance educational activities and learning processes.[1] This can involve studying instructional processes within the classroom setting.

Educational psychology can in part be understood through its relationship with other disciplines. It is informed primarily by psychology, bearing a relationship to that discipline analogous to the relationship between medicine and biology. Educational Psychology. "People are like stained glass windows. They sparkle and shine when the sun's out, but when the darkness sets in, their true beauty is revealed only if there is light within. " Educational Psychology Resources.

Educational Psychologist. Developmental Psychology - The Psychology of Development. AS Psychology holah.co.uk Developmental Psychology. Piaget's developmental theory. This is the most-viewed and most-cited page on the site. Unfortunately. Developmental psychology. Developmental Psychology Links by Subtopic. Www.psy.cmu.edu/~siegler/35grusec92.pdf. What Is Cognitive Psychology? Perception. Psychology. Optical illusions.

Cognitive Psychology. Welcome to GoCognitive. Cognitive Psychology - Audio - Download free content from The Open University. Clinical Psychology - What Is Clinical Psychology. Comparative Psychology - What Is Comparative Psychology. Comparative psychology. Biopsychology - What is Biopsychology. What is Biopsychology - Chapter One Study Guide and Notes. Www.foothill.edu/attach/1474/4_PPT_Ch1_Intro.pdf.

Www.psychlotron.org.uk/newResources/approaches/AS_AQB_approaches_BiopsychologyBasics.pdf. What is Biological Psychology? What is Biopsychology? What Is Biopsychology? What is Biopsychology? Definition. Psychopathic Traits Linked to Brain Reward System - NIH Research Matters. Pages.towson.edu/bdevan/PSYC465-1.pdf. Www.pearsonhighered.com/showcase/pinel8e/assets/0205832563_ch1.pdf. Abnormal Psychology. Abnormal psychology. Cognitive Behavior Therapy - What Is Cognitive Behavior Therapy.

Cognitive Approach in Psychology. Www.psychlotron.org.uk/newresources/approaches/as_aqb_approaches_cognitivebasics.pdf. Level Psychology Human Memory Revision - Introduction to Short and Long-Term Memory. Cognitive psychology. PsycNET - Browse Volumes. Www.blackwellpublishing.com/intropsych/pdf/chapter15.pdf. Study Guide Chapter 12 - Psychological Disorders. A Beginner's Guide to Abnormal Psychology. Www.simplypsychology.org/Mental Health OHP.pdf.

Abnormal Psychology: Personality Disorders. Abnormal Psychology. What is Abnormal Psychology. Level Psychology Psychological Abnormality Revision - Psychological Abnormality.

Personality theories