History of the entire world, i guess

Apollo 11 Moon Landing: Photos From 50 Years Ago On July 20, 1969, the astronaut Neil Armstrong became the first human being to walk on another world, famously marking the moment with the phrase: “That’s one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind.” After months of preparation, preceded by years of development and testing, the crew of NASA’s Apollo 11 lifted off from Florida on July 16, arriving at the moon on July 19. While Command Module Pilot Michael Collins remained in lunar orbit, Armstrong and Lunar Module Pilot Edwin “Buzz” Aldrin descended to the surface and spent two and a half hours on the moon, setting up experiments, taking photos, and gathering samples. After their safe return home, the crew were celebrated by politicians and the public as they embarked on a 45-day goodwill tour, visiting a total of 27 cities in 24 countries. Below, 50 photos of the historic Apollo 11 mission, on the 50th anniversary of that giant leap. Editor’s Note: This article is part of a series reflecting on Apollo 11, 50 years later.

Broccoli Is Dying. Corn Is Toxic. Long Live Microbiomes! Editor’s Note (9/3/2019): This post has been substantially rewritten to change or eliminate claims and sourcing that did not meet Scientific American’s editorial standards. The revised post can be found here. As food writer Mark Bittman recently remarked, since food is defined as “a substance that provides nutrition and promotes growth” and poison is “a substance that promotes illness,” then “much of what is produced by industrial agriculture is, quite literally, not food but poison.” Of course, it doesn’t have to be this way.

The Royal Observatory Greenwich - where east meets west: People: David Kinnebrook Born in Norwich, Norfolk, David Kinnebrook is one of Maskelyne’s better known assistants on account of his unwitting role in giving birth to the science of experimental psychology. He was described in 1898 by Maunder (one of Christie’s assistants), as ‘an unconscious martyr to science’, having been dismissed over inconsistencies between his and Maskelyne’s observations. Although Maskelyne had deduced that for some reason Kinnebrook was not following the method prescribed for observing transits, later research and analysis by the astronomer Bessel suggested that this probably was not the case and that different observers responded to the same stimuli in different ways. It was his findings that gave rise to both the concept of the personal equation and to the science of experimental psychology.

Stoned Ape Theory Might be More Than Just Stoner Logic If you buy Terence McKenna’s Stoned Ape Theory, we are part of a giant evolutionary human casserole whose base is made of cream of mushroom soup. McKenna’s theory isn’t one that has gained a lot of support among the scientific community, but one could argue it’s just as plausible as many of the other evolutionary theories, especially when considering superior higher level of consciousness and language development. McKenna theorizes intelligence might have made its way to our planet via spore-bearing intelligent life that traveled to Earth in cosmic radiation, much like what is described in the Crick Theory of Panspermia.

The History of Europe from 400 BC to the Present, Animated in 12 Minutes What does the future of Europe look like? Geopolitical times such as these do make one ponder such questions as, say, "In what shape (if any) will the European Union make it through this century?" But as any historian of Europe knows, that continent has seldom had an easy time of it: European history is a history of conquests, rebellions, alliances made and broken, and of course, wars aplenty — a major piece of the rationale behind the creation of organizations like the European Union in the first place.

Different Types of Hummingbirds - Hummingbirds Plus Different Species of Hummingbirds – An informational resource for learning about the different breeds of hummingbirds. Hummingbirds are among the smallest types of birds and can only be found naturally in the Americas. Hummingbirds are so small that its smallest species weighs less than a penny. Here are the different species of Hummingbirds and their characteristics: Table of Contents: Allen’s | Anna’s | Berylline | Black Chinned | Blue Throated | Broad Billed | Broad Tailed | Buff Bellied | Calliope | Costa’s | Lucifer | Magnificent | Ruby Throated | Rufous | Violet Crowned | White Eared | Xantus

Twitter storm: noise pollution creates havoc for birds, study shows Birds are even more disrupted by their noisy neighbours than had been thought previously, researchers have found. And human activities could be preventing birds from reproducing and even developing normal social behaviour and keeping the peace. A study by Queen’s University Belfast found that when European robins were subjected to human produced noises their behaviour changed. Background noise appeared to mask the communication of crucial information between birds. While aggressive communication is common and birds respond to it, interference through noise can lead to the birds mistaking the signals.

Founders of New Jersey gay conversion therapy practice lose appeal, must pay $3.5 million The founders of a Jersey City-based gay conversion therapy firm reneged on a 2015 settlement agreement to never again engage in the discredited practices and must pay $3.5 million, a New Jersey appellate panel ruled, affirming a prior decision. In 2012, four former clients sued Jews Offering New Alternatives for Healing (JONAH), claiming they suffered psychological abuse during treatment sessions. Among the claims made in testimony was that the treatment included clients undressing in front of other each and pummeling effigies of their mothers as part of a program that promised it could eliminate same-sex attraction. It was the first case in the nation to put the controversial and scientifically discredited practice on trial.