Birmanie. BirmanieMyanmarRépublique de l'Union du Myanmar Pyidaungzu Thammada Myanma Naingngandaw Le pays a connu depuis 1962 une série de dictatures militaires[7].
De 1988 à 2011, la Birmanie a été officiellement dirigée par le Conseil d'État pour la paix et le développement. Cette junte a officiellement laissé la place en 2011 à un pouvoir civil dirigé par l'un de ses anciens membres, mais le poids de la hiérarchie militaire reste prépondérant dans les faits[8]. La relative libéralisation du pays qui s'est confirmée depuis a conduit l'Union européenne et les États-Unis à suspendre ou lever en avril et septembre 2012 l'embargo qu'ils imposaient au pays depuis les années 1990, exception faite des ventes d'armes. En français, « Birmans » qualifie tous les citoyens du pays (en anglais : Burmese), qu'ils soient Birmans ethniquement issus de l'ancien royaume de Birmanie (en anglais : Burman) ou des territoires rattachés à celui-ci par l’occupant britannique.
Peninsular Malaysia. Coordinates: A map of Peninsular Malaysia.
Peninsular Malaysia (Malay: Semenanjung Malaysia), also known as West Malaysia (formerly Malaya), is the part of Malaysia which lies on the Malay Peninsula and surrounding islands. Its area is 130,598 square kilometres (50,424 sq mi). It shares a land border with Thailand in the north. Vietnam. Coordinates: Vietnam (UK /ˌvjɛtˈnæm, -ˈnɑːm/, US i/ˌviːətˈnɑːm, -ˈnæm/;[6] Vietnamese: Việt Nam [viət˨ næm˧]), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (SRV; Vietnamese: Cộng hòa Xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam ( listen)), is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia.
With an estimated 90.5 million inhabitants as of 2014[update], it is the world's 14th-most-populous country, and the eighth-most-populous Asian country. Vietnam is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and Malaysia across the South China Sea to the southeast. Etymology Between 1804 and 1813, the name was used officially by Emperor Gia Long. History Prehistory and ancient history. Thailand. Constitutional monarchy in Southeast Asia Coordinates: 15°N 101°E / 15°N 101°E / 15; 101 Thailand,[a] officially the Kingdom of Thailand and formerly known as Siam,[b] is a country at the centre of the Southeast Asian Indochinese Peninsula composed of 76 provinces.
At 513,120 km2 (198,120 sq mi) and over 68 million people, Thailand is the world's 50th-largest country by total area and the 22nd-most-populous country. The capital and largest city is Bangkok, a special administrative area. Thailand is bordered to the north by Myanmar and Laos, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the west by the Andaman Sea and the southern extremity of Myanmar. Myanmar. Republic in Southeast Asia Myanmar (English pronunciation below; မြန်မာ Burmese: [mjəmà]),[nb 1] officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar, and also known as Burma, is a country in Southeast Asia.
Myanmar is bordered by Bangladesh and India to its northwest, China to its northeast, Laos and Thailand to its east and southeast, and the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal to its south and southwest. With a size of 676,578 square kilometres (261,228 square miles), Myanmar is the largest of the Mainland Southeast Asian states by area.
As of 2017, the population is about 54 million.[4] Its capital city is Naypyidaw, and its largest city is Yangon (Rangoon).[1] Myanmar has been a member of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) since 1997. For most of its independent years, the country has been engrossed in rampant ethnic strife and its myriad ethnic groups have been involved in one of the world's longest-running ongoing civil wars. Laos. Coordinates: 18°N 105°E / 18°N 105°E / 18; 105.
Cambodia. Southeast Asian sovereign state Cambodia (;[8] also Kampuchea ; Khmer: កម្ពុជា [kam.pu.ciə]; French: Cambodge), officially the Kingdom of Cambodia (Khmer: ព្រះរាជាណាចក្រកម្ពុជា, prĕəh riəciənaacak kampuciə, IPA: [prĕəh riə.ciə.naː.caʔ kam.pu.ciə]; French: Royaume du Cambodge), is a country located in the southern portion of the Indochina peninsula in Southeast Asia.
It is 181,035 square kilometres (69,898 square miles) in area, bordered by Thailand to the northwest, Laos to the northeast, Vietnam to the east and the Gulf of Thailand to the southwest. The sovereign state of Cambodia has a population of over 15 million. Mainland Southeast Asia. "Indochina" redirects here.
For the French colonial regime, see French Indochina. Mainland Southeast Asia, also known as Indochina or the Indochinese Peninsula, refers to the continental portion of Southeast Asia[1] lying east of India and roughly south or southwest of China. Indochine. Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.
L'Indochine, péninsule indochinoise ou encore Asie du Sud-Est continentale est une péninsule du continent asiatique située au sud de la Chine et à l'est de l'Inde. Elle est entourée à l'ouest par le golfe du Bengale, la mer d'Andaman et le détroit de Malacca et à l'est par la mer de Chine méridionale. Traditionnellement, les bouches du Gange formaient la limite occidentale de l'Asie du Sud-Est.
Sa partie continentale comprend les pays et territoires suivants : En France, le terme « Indochine » est souvent utilisée pour désigner l'ancienne colonie d'Indochine française. Géographie[modifier | modifier le code]