Projet BioCos / AMP Afrique de l’Ouest / Nos programmes / Accueil - Fondation Internationale du Banc d'Arguin. © Hellio&Van Ingen Ce projet, pré-identifié pour accompagner le projet d’« appui à la Commission Sous-Régionale des Pêches CSRP , pour la co-gestion et l’intégration des Aires Marines Protégées dans l’aménagement des pêches » financé par l’ AFD , se focalise sur la conservation de la biodiversité marine et côtière dans son ensemble et sur l’exemple que peut donner la mise en place de modèles régionaux d’AMP, en particulier en terme de renforcement de la gestion, du suivi des impacts et de l'éducation/sensibilisation.
Le projet BioCos est ainsi articulé sur trois volets : Renforcement et développement des initiatives de conservation de la biodiversité, en particulier Aires Marines Protégées Communautaires Mise en place des systèmes fiables de suivi des impacts écologiques et socio-économiques des AMP (en complément des mesures faites par le projet CSRP-AFD), si possible à travers des méthodes simples, réalistes et participatives. A télécharger : Protected Areas and Biodiversity. Why do we need biodiversity and protected areas? Biodiversity - or biological diversity - is a term used to describe the variety of life on Earth. It refers to the number, variety and variability of living organisms (animals, plants, fungi, microbes, etc.), the genetic differences among them, and the ecosystems in which they occur.
Biodiversity provides us with many goods and services, such as food, fuel, medication, materials and clean water. It supports both our economy and our lifestyles. Biodiversity is being lost throughout the world and this has negative consequences for the delivery of ecosystem services and human wellbeing. The creation of protected area networks helps to reduce biodiversity loss and provides significant contributions to global conservation efforts. The World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA) and the Species Survival Commission (SSC) are the two largest of six IUCN Commissions. The Joint Task Force has two main objectives: Objective 1: Biodiversity Outcomes. Disjunct distribution. In biology, a taxon with a disjunct distribution is one that has two or more groups that are related but widely separated from each other geographically.
The causes are varied and might demonstrate either the expansion or contraction of a species range.[1] Range fragmentation[edit] Also called range fragmentation, disjunct distributions may be caused by changes in the environment, such as mountain building and continental drift or rising sea levels; it may also be due to an organism expanding its range into new areas, by such means as rafting, or other animals transporting an organism to a new location (plant seeds consumed by birds and animals, can be moved to new locations during bird or animals migrations, and those seeds can be deposited in new locations in fecal matter).
Habitat fragmentation[edit] Examples[edit] Lusitanian distribution[edit] Recently a better explanation of the occurrence of the Kerry slug and similar faunal elements in southwestern Ireland has been developed. Biodiversity Informatics Facility - Species Distribution Modeling. About FishNet. The FishNet network is a collaborative effort among fish collections around the world to share and distribute data on specimen holdings. There is an open invitation for any institution with a fish collection to join. The network was created in 1999 and initially relied upon a distributed query model based on the Z39.50 search/retrieval protocol. Over the years, FishNet has transitioned through a number of technological improvements. The modern search portal relies upon a core web service known as the Biological Object Search Service (BOSS) which is comprised of a series of software and database components that harvests data from providers, imports harvested data into a data cache and exposes the data cache via publicly accessible web based APIs.
The architecture for FishNet 2 has been mirrored to provide similar search portals for reptile and amphibian data within HerpNET and bird data within ORNIS. A collaborative georeferencing and data enhancement project titled "Georeferencing U.S. EMIBIOS - Chantier Manche Mer du Nord. End-to-end Modelling and Indicators for BIOdiversity Scenarios Avec une demande alimentaire croissante, l’exploitation des mers aura des impacts de plus en plus prononcés sur la biodiversité marine. Parallèlement, le changement climatique devrait lui aussi fortement modifier les milieux marins.
Plusieurs modèles prédictifs simulent déjà les conséquences attendues de ces deux facteurs forçants du changement global. Néanmoins, ces modèles présentent encore des incertitudes car les processus impliqués se combinent : changement climatique et augmentation de la pression de pêche opèrent en même temps, avec des effets cumulés sur la biodiversité. De nouveaux modèles, appelés « end-to-end », fondés sur des couplages de modèles existants (modèles physico-chimiques des océans, modèles du plancton et des poissons, modèles économiques…) sont actuellement en cours de développement.
Partenaires Contact : Yunne-Jai Shin, IRD Sète. Contact Ifremer : Morgane TRAVERS-TROLET, Ifremer Boulogne-sur-Mer. The Environmental Impact Assessment Toolkit - Process - Assessing Impacts on Coastal Areas. South Africa's diverse coastal and marine environments are a valuable resource, providing recreation and pleasure for residents and tourists alike. In addition, these resources are of great biological and economic value to the country.
What Are Coasts? The coast is a unique part of South Africa's environment; it is a meeting place of land and sea. Coasts are extremely dynamic and complex areas. They include many different creatures and ecosystems, ranging from microscopic organisms to insects, shellfish, fish, plants, animals and birds. Why Are Coasts Important? Coastal ecosystems provide a range of direct and indirect benefits to us. Direct benefits include subsistence food production and commercial food production (fishing and agriculture), raw materials (mining), Transportation, Recreation, Tourism, and aesthetic value (seafront property turnover). How Are Coasts Affected By Developments? Developments can affect the way a coast functions. How to Consider Coasts in the EIA process? Tropical Coastal Ecosystem & Habitat Diagrams. In Coral Reef ecosystems, The detrimental effect of unregulated boating and diving activities should be taken into account.
I understand that such a potential threat might not be considered as important or as priority interms of management as others (e.g global warming effects, sediment and nutrition runoffs, or overfishing). The Red Sea (case study), for instance, lacks freshwater runoffs, freshwater precipitation is minimal, and weather and sea conditions are optimal for coral reef growth. Coral bleaching has not been reported as a major threat in these region. What seems to be the problem there is unregulated diving tourism.
In the Northern Red Sea (Egypt, Jordan, and Israel) diving tourism in considered as the major driving force for the economies of these resorts. I have seen areas on fringing reefs that were completely devastated by boat anchoring. These areas where once coral dominated reef sytems and now transformed to algal systems and coral rubble. S National Ocean Service: Coastal Ecosystem Science. Within any given area, living and nonliving interact with each other. Together, these things form an ecosystem. Because all of the elements within an ecosystem are interrelated, these systems can be quite complex. Changing even one element can impact the entire ecosystem—for good, or for bad.
We rely on coastal and marine ecosystems, for food, recreation, transportation, and more. What impacts ecosystems? Because ecosystems are intertwined webs of living and nonliving things, even the smallest change can impact the entire ecosystem. WE can impact ecosystems, too, by causing pollution, introducing invasive species, or irresponsibly using land and water resources. How does NOS study ecosystems? NOS uses research, monitoring, and assessments to better understand, and manage, things that stress coastal ecosystems. Coastal oceans The coastal ocean encompasses a broad range of saltwater ecosystems, from estuaries and coral reefs to rocky shores and mangrove forests.
Coral reefs Estuaries. Scientists - European Commission. Additional tools Oct 2011-present Stelios Katsanevakis (Ph.D.) is a marine ecologist specialized in benthic studies with a broad experience in field surveys, monitoring, and modelling. His research focuses on population and community dynamics, biological invasions, marine conservation and management, biological monitoring. He has conducted many surveys investigating alien species occupancy, spatial distribution, impact, or invasion patterns in the Mediterranean. He now works in the Water Resources Unit of the Institute for Environment and Sustainability (JRC) on the assessment of current and future alien species distribution in Europe, and their impacts on ecosystem services and biodiversity.
He has participated in several EU-funded or other international and national projects and is (co)author of >160 publications (75 in peer-reviewed international journals). Apr 2014-present Jan 2013-Mar 2014 Marco Trombetti (Ph.D.) is a forestry scientist from Bari, Italy. Nov 2012-Nov 2013 Susan M. Algaebase :: Listing the World's Algae.
Marine Species Identification Portal. Emma Marris: In Defense of Everglades Pythons. CES - Ecosystem Services Fact Sheets: Ecosystem Services. EEA - Thematic assessments. Species 2000 - Welcome to Species 2000 website. KU CORPI DATABASE SYSTEM - BINPAS. To login as demo used just press the button Login (username: demo, password: demo) This is a system to translate the existing data on miscellaneous invasive alien species impacts into uniform biopollution measurement units.
The name comes from: Biological Invasion Impact / Biopollution Assessment System. Biopollution is defined as the impacts of invasive alien species (IAS) at the level which disturbs ecological quality of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems by effects on: an individual (internal biological pollution by parasites or pathogens), a population (by genetic change, i.e. hybridization), a community (by structural shift), a habitat (by modification of physical-chemical conditions), an ecosystem (by alteration of energy and organic material flow). The biological and ecological effects of biopollution may also cause adverse economic consequences1,2. Bioinvasion science needs to reduce subjectivism in assessment and reporting the impacts caused by invasive alien species (IAS). 1. The invader’s double edge. The Ogasawara Archipelago (Bonin Islands,) encompasses several tens of small islands ~ 1000 km from mainland Japan. In 2011, UNESCO declared this archipelago a World Heritage Site.
Some regard them as the “Galapagos of the Orient”, owing to their biological singularity, e.g., endemism rates of ~ 50 % of > 500 species of plants, or ~ 90 % of > 100 species of terrestrial snails. Photos show patches of native scrub (left) and introduced sheoak forest (right), close-ups of the two study species Ogasawarana discrepans (left) and O. optima (right), and empty shells with (top right, bottom) and without (top left) rat scars (Courtesy of Satoshi Chiba). Another great post by Salvador Herrando-Pérez that challenges our views on invasive species (some would do well to heed his words when it comes to species like dingos). I mentioned in his last post that he had just recently submitted his PhD thesis, and now I’m proud to say that it has been examined with no recommended changes required. Table1. You're not from around here, or are you? › Opinion (ABC Science) In Depth › Analysis and Opinion Being able to tell natives from non-natives is critical, but we need to overhaul the way we go about doing this, cautions Melinda Trudgen and Bruce Webber.
By Melinda Trudgen and Bruce Webber Earlier this year, a news story about how Aboriginals could have moved the iconic red cabbage palm to Central Australia between 15,000-30,000 years ago focused our sights on an important issue: how do we decide which plants and animals are native? What we found were outdated, conflicting and even racist definitions that aren't equipped to deal with how plants and animals move around, particularly in a world with a rapidly changing climate. Using current definitions, the red cabbage palm in Central Australia can be classified as native or non-native depending on which definition you choose. The problem is, individual populations can't be native and non-native at the same time. ^ to top Dispersal method and time A new definition About the authors: Native invaders divide loyalties. California sea lion at Bonneville fish ladder.
Credit: U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration As if to mimic the weirder and weirder weather human-caused climate disruption is cooking up for us, related science stories seem to come in floods and droughts. Yes, research trends become fashionable too (imagine a science fashion show? Only yesterday, the ABC published an opinion piece on the controversies surrounding which species we call ‘native’ and ‘invasive’ (based on a recent paper published in Global Ecology and Biogeography), and in June this year, Salvador Herrando-Pérez wrote a great little article on the topic entitled “The invader’s double edge“. Then today, I received a request to publish a guest post here on ConservationBytes.com from Lauren Kuehne, a research scientist in Julian Olden‘s lab at the University of Washington in Seattle.
Caspian terns with juvenile salmon. Juniper encroachment in sagelands. Lauren Kuehne Like this: Like Loading... Redmap Australia - Redmap. Threats to Biodiversity | GEOG 030: Geographic Perspectives on Sustainability and Human-Environment Systems, 2011. Printer-friendly version “Extinction is the most irreversible and tragic of all environmental calamities.
With each plant and animal species that disappears, a precious part of creation is callously erased.” -Michael Soulé, noted American conservation biologist It is estimated that the current rate of species extinction is between 1,000 and 100,000 times more rapid than the average rate during the last several billion years. The growth of human populations, consumption levels, and mobility is the root of most of the serious threats to biodiversity today. While learning about the negative impacts of humans on biodiversity, please keep a few things in mind. There are many threats to biodiversity today. Habitat Loss: This occurs when a particular area is converted from usable to unusable habitat. Deforestation in the Amazon River Basin often occurs in a “fish-bone” pattern, meaning that larger areas of habitat are fragmented and degraded than are actually cleared for agricultural use.
Integrated Taxonomic Information System. BIOTIC. Tropical Signals Program. In Dead Water - Climate Change, Pollution, Over-harvest, and Invasive Species in the World's Fishing Grounds. Marine alien species. Components | Alien Species | Ocean Health Index.