Zen
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A Report on the Second Hakuin Forum in New York Announcing the Hakuin Symposium in New York, 4 November 2010, at the Japan Society. Release of Ryū’un-ji Collection of Hakuin’s Art .
Zen is a school of Mahayana Buddhism [ note 1 ] that developed in China during the 6th century as Chán . From China, Zen spread south to Vietnam , to Korea and east to Japan . The word Zen is derived from the Japanese pronunciation of the Middle Chinese word 禪 ( dʑjen ) (Modern Mandarin : Chán ), which in turn is derived from the Sanskrit word dhyāna , which can be approximately translated as "absorption" or " meditative state ". Zen emphasizes the attainment of enlightenment and the personal expression of direct insight in the Buddhist teachings. As such, it de-emphasizes mere knowledge of sutras and doctrine and favors direct understanding through zazen and interaction with an accomplished teacher. The teachings of Zen include various sources of Mahāyāna thought, especially Yogācāra , the Tathāgatagarbha Sutras and Huayan .