Callum Field
Music / sound / recording. Earthquakes. Christchurch Earthquake. On Tuesday 22 February 2011 at 12.51 p.m. Christchurch was badly damaged by a magnitude 6.3 earthquake, which killed 185 people and injured several thousand. The earthquake epicentre was near Lyttelton, just 10 kilometres south-east of Christchurch’s central business district. The earthquake occurred more than five months after the 4 September 2010 earthquake, but is considered to be an aftershock of the earlier quake.
Casualties and damage The earthquake occurred during lunch time, when many people were on the city streets. More than 110 fatalities were from the collapse of two multi-storey office buildings – the Canterbury Television and Pyne Gould Corporation buildings. Falling bricks and masonry on Manchester Street and Cashel Mall killed 11 people, and six died in two city buses crushed by crumbling walls. A violent earthquake The earthquake brought down many buildings previously damaged in the September 2010 earthquake, especially older brick and mortar buildings.
Liquefaction. Christchurch Earthquake Case Study 2011. New Zealand Christchurch Earthquake Location map Following the 7.0 on the Richter Scale earthquake of 2010, Christchurch, in New Zealand didn’t expect to receive a second significant earthquake within the space of a year. Christchurch 2011 earthquake location Tuesday, February 22, 2011 at 12:51:43 PM at epicentre. Magnitude 6.3 on the Richter scale. See the USGS info here The 2010 Christchurch despite being a higher order of magnitude earthquake at 7.1 on the Richter scale happened in the early hours of the morning at 4.35am which explains partly why there were no casualties as the central business district would have been empty with few people in high rise buildings. The earthquake was part of the aftershock sequence of the M 7.0 September 3, 2010 Darfield, earthquake in New Zealand. Thrust Fault There is a thrust fault which is linked with the plate boundary between the Pacific and Australian plates which meets in the centre of South Island, New Zealand.
New Zealand plate tectonic map. Christchurch Earthquake Case Study 2011. Christchurch earthquake. On Tuesday 22 February 2011 at 12.51 p.m. Christchurch was badly damaged by a magnitude 6.3 earthquake, which killed 185* people and injured several thousand. The earthquake’s epicentre was near Lyttelton, just 10 km south-east of Christchurch’s central business district. The earthquake occurred nearly six months after the 4 September 2010 earthquake, but is considered to be an aftershock of the earlier quake.
The earthquake occurred at lunchtime, when many people were on the city streets. More than 130 fatalities were caused by the collapse of two multi-storey office buildings – the Canterbury Television and Pyne Gould Corporation buildings. Falling bricks and masonry on Manchester St and in Cashel Mall killed 11 people, and eight died in two city buses crushed by crumbling walls. Rock cliffs behind houses collapsed in the Sumner and Redcliffs area, and boulders tumbled down the Port Hills, with five people killed by falling rocks. Waves and Their Applications for Energy Transfer.
Wireless communication. Earth's Layers. Seismic Monitor. Live Earthquakes Map. Recent Earhtquakes. Earth 02. 5 Strangest Facts About Pluto | Pluto Trivia | The Solar System | Space.com. Life's Little Mysteries Staff | August 23, 2011 01:18pm ET Pluto is so far away from Earth that everything we know about it can be written down on a couple of 3 x 5 inch index cards.
Pluto will come into clearer focus in a few years' time, though, as NASA's New Horizons probe is due to make a close flyby of the dwarf planet in July 2015, marking the first time a spacecraft has ever visited the frigid, faraway world. For now, though, here are the five strangest facts about the former ninth planet in our solar system. Earthquake! Junk Problem Is More Threatening Than Ever, Report Warns | NASA's Micrometeoroid and Orbital Debris Programs | National Research Council Report. There is so much junk in space that collisions could start to increase exponentially, leading to a continuously growing pile of rubble in orbit, a new report warns. The independent report, released today (Sept. 1), surveyed NASA's work to meet the threat of space debris. It was sponsored by NASA, and conducted by the National Research Council, a nonprofit science policy organization. Space debris — an accumulation of broken satellites, spent rocket stages and other junk in orbit — is dangerous because it could hit and damage working satellites, as well as spacecraft like the International Space Station.
[Worst Space Debris Events of All Time] Furthermore, when two pieces of junk collide, they can break apart into many smaller pieces, significantly increasing the amount of debris in space. It's a problem that will likely become more visible, and urgent, over time. Kessler Syndrome Budget woes "If anyone retires or moves you have a pretty large gap," Kessler said. Crunching the numbers. Seismic waves | Seismic waves and how we know Earth's structure. Layers of the Earth.
Earth 01. Structure of the Earth. Dynamic Earth . Intro. Carbon cycle. The Earth and the Moon. What's covered here:What are the physical characteristics of the Earth's interior, surface and atmosphere? What are the physical characteristics of the Moon? Where did the Moon come from? Even though you might not think of it as such, the Earth is a planet. Here we're just going to treat it like one. However, the Earth is a very important planet, not because you live there, but because it provides us with a basis for comparison to the other terrestrial planets.
Of course, if you would like to learn more about the Earth, you can take a course in Geology or Meteorology (weather) in the Earth Science department (in no way should this be considered advertising, just plain old good advice) - but enough of the sales pitch; on to the science! What exactly do we know about the Earth? Geologists use the information obtained in earthquakes. First, we'll tackle the P-waves These and other earthquake waves originate from the focus, which is the actual location of the earthquake's origin.
Figure 1. Earth formation | History of life on Earth. A Dark Earth with a Red Sprite. PlanetQuest - The Search for Another Earth. History of deadly earthquakes. Image copyright Getty Images Earthquakes have claimed hundreds of thousands of lives in the last 100 years, and improvements in technology have only slightly reduced the death toll. 25 April 2015 A 7.8-magnitude earthquake kills more than 8,000 people and leaves hundreds of thousands homeless, in the worst natural disaster to strike Nepal since 1934. In some parts of the country, the quake flattens 98% of all homes in hillside villages. 3 August 2014 Approximately 600 people are killed in a 6.1-magnitude earthquake that strikes Yunnan province in China. 15 October 2013 More than 200 people are reported to have died after a magnitude 7.2 earthquake strikes centrally-located Bohol and Cebu in the Philippines. 25 September 2013 More than 300 people are killed as a 7.7-magnitude quake flattens entire villages in Pakistan's remote south-western province of Balochistan, mainly in the district of Awaran. 20 April 2013 11 August 2012 23 October 2011 11 March 2011 22 February 2011 14 April 2010 6 April 2009.
What are the layers of the earth? Three hundred years ago the famous scientist Isaac Newton calculated, from his studies of planets and the force of gravity, that the average density of the Earth is twice that of surface rocks and therefore that the Earth's interior must be composed of much denser material. We now know that the earth is made up of 4 layers: How do we know about the different layers of the earth? Information today comes from studies of the paths and characteristics of seismic waves from earthquake waves traveling through the Earth, as well as from laboratory experiments on surface minerals and rocks at high pressure and temperature and studies of the Earth's motions in the Solar System, its gravity and magnetic fields, and the flow of heat from inside the Earth.
About Seismic Waves What are the different types of Seismic Waves? Seismic waves are waves of energy that travel through the earth, for example as a result of an earthquake, explosion, or some other process that imparts low-frequency acoustic energy. Earth 03. Earthquakes. Who Melted the Earth? Is your mobile phone evil? Truthloader. Earthquake - Latest Earthquakes in the World - EMSC. Son Depremler. REALTIMETOOLS - Real Time Earthquake Map and Volcano Activity Report. The Earth's Crust, Mantle, and Core. How Do We Know? If scientists have never studied any materials from a depth below 7 miles, then how is it that we know what is in the center of the Earth?
How can we know what the core of the Earth is made of, if we have never seen it? The answer is actually quite simple. While it is true that we can not study the Earth’s core using visible light, we can study it using other senses. The most important thing we use to sense the Earth’s core are seismic waves. Scientists are able to measure these waves as they pass through the Earth. Geologists also can learn a lot about the core of our planet by looking at Earth’s magnetic field. These clues lead geologists to believe that the Earth is made of four distinct layers. Continents. Formation of Sedimentary Rock layers. Volcano. Earthquakes. Volcanoes. Layers of the Earth.