France Expresses Confidence in Banks After Downgrades From left, Jason Lee/Reuters; Thanassis Stavrakis/Associated Press; Michael Sohn/Associated Press. China's premier, Wen Jiabao, left, offered help Wednesday, while George Papandreou of Greece and Angela Merkel of Germany spoke on a conference call. That was the stay-the-course upshot of a conference call Wednesday evening in Europe by President of France and Chancellor of Germany with the Greek prime minister, . With no new proposals issued, the conversation seemed mainly intended to send a message that Europe’s two richest countries do not intend to let Greece’s spiral out of control. The conversation came at the end of a day in which European stock markets took a breather from the recent spate of crisis-induced sell-offs, even shrugging off the credit-rating downgrade of two big French banks. Stocks closed higher in the United States, too, as the Treasury secretary, Timothy F. Mr. France and Germany also promised full support for Greece and for preserving the euro zone. Mr. Mr.
iTulip.com - The Contrary Market View - For Independent Financial Advisor, Currency Online Trading, Commodity Online Trading, FOREX Vickers report: banks get until 2019 to ringfence high street operations | Business Britain's biggest banks are to be given until 2019 – longer than had been expected – to implement radical reform of their operations to prevent another taxpayer bailout of the system. The Independent Commission on Banking – issuing its report almost three years to the day after the collapse of Lehman Brothers which led to the major 2008 bank bailouts – said that banks should ringfence their high street banking businesses from their "casino" investment banking arms. The much anticipated final report by Sir John Vickers admitted its proposed reforms would cost between £4bn and £7bn but were more practical and less expensive than the full-scale separation of the kind that business secretary Vince Cable had called for in opposition. The ICB conceded that its reforms were "deliberately composed of moderate elements" but insisted "the reform package is far-reaching". "Postponement of reform would be a mistake, as would fail to provide certainty about its path.
Digging for Truth Oxford University, Department of Economics | John Vickers Page 1 of 8 A'Hearn, Brian Fellow and Tutor in Economics, Pembroke College Aarnio, Outi College Lecturer in Economics, Lincoln College and St. Edmund Hall Abeler, Johannes University Lecturer in Economics Adam, Christopher Reader in Development Economics Allen, Robert Professor of Economic History Allsopp, Christopher Senior Research Fellow; Director, Energy Institute Alvaredo, Facundo Research Fellow, Institute for Economic Modelling Anand, Sudhir Professor of Economics Antonini, Massimo Fellow and Lecturer in Economics, St. Armstrong, Mark Professor of Economics; Director of Graduate Studies Aron, Janine James Martin Fellow, Institute for Economic Modelling (INET@Oxford) and the Oxford Martin School Ascari, Guido Professor of Economics, Universita di Pavia Atkinson, Tony Research Professor, Kt., FBA, Fellow of the Econometric Society, Fellow of the European Economic Association, Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Foreign Honorary Member of the American Economic Association
Peak Employment What is ‘Peak Employment’ ? Peak employment is the theory that due to factors such as efficiency, driven by technological innovation, and demand, developed economies may have already passed beyond the highest point of employment and that from this point onwards employment will continue to fall and unemployment inexorably rise causing increased social tension. There is plenty of evidence to support this theory but before looking at the situation now it would be wise to look first at a similar period of dramatic technological change two hundred years ago, and try and understand why the Luddites, who opposed industrial progess were wrong and take it as a small warning against making similar mistakes. It is almost exactly two hundred years since the Luddites were founded (1811) as a reaction to the Industrial Revolution sweeping Great Britain. The Industrial Revolution initiated profound social change in Great Britain. They were, as we all know, wrong. Clark’s Sector Model (1950) Like this:
Sir John Vickers UK BanX - Wiki Sir John Vickers is a British economist, and Warden of All Souls College, Oxford. Education[edit] Sir John was educated at Eastbourne Grammar School and Oriel College, Oxford, culminating in his graduating with a DPhil from the University of Oxford. Career[edit] After a period working in the oil industry, he taught economics at Oxford University and was Drummond Professor of Political Economy from 1991 to 2008. From 1998–2000 he was Chief Economist at the Bank of England and a member of the Monetary Policy Committee. Since October 2008, he has been Warden of All Souls College, Oxford. In June 2010, he became Chair of the UK's newly created Independent Commission on Banking (ICB).[1] The ICB's task is to consider structural and related non-structural reforms to the UK banking sector to promote financial stability and competition (in the aftermath of the banking crisis of 2008). In the autumn of 2011, he returned to teaching at Oxford. Research and publications[edit] References[edit]
pensionlawyerblog GOOGLE WORLD BANKS MAP How central banks contributed to the financial crisis Even before the crisis, there were some who stressed that monetary policy should keep an eye on asset bubbles and the growth of credit. This column argues that the policy of inflation targeting, used widely in the 1990s and 2000s, did indeed lead to excessive credit growth that eventually bred financial instability. As numerous studies over the last two decades have shown, interest rate policies of a large number of central banks can be explained by the so-called Taylor Rule. According to this rule, which is consistent with inflation targeting, the policy rate is determined by a neutral real rate, the target inflation rate, the output gap, and the deviation of inflation from the target (or expected) rate. In this formula, the output gap can be interpreted as a leading indicator for inflation, as suggested by an augmented Phillips-curve inflation model, where the deviation of actual inflation from the target has the character of an error-correction term. Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 3.
Banking in the United States Banking in the United States is regulated by both the federal and state governments. The five largest banks in the United States at December 31, 2011 were JPMorgan Chase, Bank of America, Citigroup, Wells Fargo, and Goldman Sachs.[1] In December 2011, the five largest banks' assets were equal to 56 percent of the U.S. economy, compared with 43 percent five years earlier. The U.S. finance industry comprised only 10% of total non-farm business profits in 1947, but it grew to 50% by 2010. Over the same period, finance industry income as a proportion of GDP rose from 2.5% to 7.5%, and the finance industry's proportion of all corporate income rose from 10% to 20%. Regulatory agencies[edit] U.S. banking regulation addresses privacy, disclosure, fraud prevention, anti-money laundering, anti-terrorism, anti-usury lending, and the promotion of lending to lower-income populations. Federal credit unions are regulated by National Credit Union Administration (NCUA). Federal Reserve system[edit]