⊿ Point. {R} Glossary. ◢ Keyword: D. ◥ University. {q} PhD. {tr} Training. ⚫ UK. ↂ EndNote. ☢️ UoA. ☢️ Textual. ☢️ Semiotics. ☢️ {PM} Network. ☢️ Narrative. ☢️ Multivariate. ☢️ Ideological. ☢️ Genre. ☢️ Discourse. ☢️ Data Analysis. ☢️ CBA. ☢️ Content A' ☢️ Archival A' ☝️ Weerakkody. ✊ La (2004) ☝️ [BS] Heigham. Discourse. Field of theory which examines elements of conversation Social theory[edit] In the humanities and social sciences, discourse describes a formal way of thinking that can be expressed through language.
Discourse is a social boundary that defines what statements can be said about a topic. Many definitions of discourse are largely derived from the work of French philosopher Michel Foucault. In psychology, discourses are embedded in different rhetorical genres and meta-genres that constrain and enable them—language talking about language. Modernism[edit] Structuralism (Saussure & Lacan)[edit] Poststructuralism (Foucault)[edit] In contrast to modernist theory, postmodern theory is more fluid, allowing for individual differences as it rejects the notion of social laws. Foucault[edit] In the works of the philosopher Michel Foucault, a discourse is "an entity of sequences, of signs, in that they are enouncements (énoncés) Discourse analysis[edit] Formal semantics and pragmatics[edit] See also[edit]
Discourse analysis. Discourse analysis (DA), or discourse studies, is a general term for a number of approaches to analyze written, vocal, or sign language use, or any significant semiotic event. Discourse analysis has been taken up in a variety of social science disciplines, including linguistics, education, sociology, anthropology, social work, cognitive psychology, social psychology, area studies, cultural studies, international relations, human geography, communication studies, and translation studies, each of which is subject to its own assumptions, dimensions of analysis, and methodologies. Topics of interest[edit] Topics of discourse analysis include:[citation needed] Political discourse[edit] Political discourse analysis is a field of discourse analysis which focuses on discourse in political forums (such as debates, speeches, and hearings) as the phenomenon of interest.
Policy analysis requires discourse analysis to be effective from the post-positivist perspective. History[edit] Perspectives[edit] Adjacency pairs. Example of conversational turn-taking in linguistics In linguistics, an adjacency pair is an example of conversational turn-taking. An adjacency pair is composed of two utterances by two speakers, one after the other. The speaking of the first utterance (the first-pair part, or the first turn) provokes a responding utterance (the second-pair part, or the second turn).[1] Adjacency pairs are a component of pragmatic variation in the study of linguistics, and are considered primarily to be evident in the "interactional" function of pragmatics.[2] Adjacency pairs exist in every language and vary in context and content among each, based on the cultural values held by speakers of the respective language.
Oftentimes, they are contributed by speakers in an unconscious way, as they are an intrinsic part of the language spoken at-hand and are therefore embedded in speakers' understanding and use of the language. Usage[edit] Examples of pairs[edit] call/beckon → response "Waiter! " "See you! " Closing. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Closing may refer to: Business and law[edit] Computing[edit] Other uses[edit] See also[edit] Topics referred to by the same term. Correction. Pause. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Pause may refer to Technology[edit] Computing[edit] Pause key, the Pause/Break key on computer keyboardspause, a DOS commandThe Perl Authors Upload Server (PAUSE), an interface for uploading Perl modules to the Comprehensive Perl Archive Network Video games[edit] Arts and entertainment[edit] Film and television[edit] Music[edit] Other uses[edit] See also[edit] Topics referred to by the same term.
Repairs. Maintaining a device in working condition The technical meaning of maintenance involves functional checks, servicing, repairing or replacing of necessary devices, equipment, machinery, building infrastructure and supporting utilities in industrial, business, and residential installations.[1][2] Terms such as "predictive" or "planned" maintenance describe various cost-effective practices aimed at keeping equipment operational; these activities occur either before[3] or after a potential failure.
Maintenance functions can be defined as maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO), and MRO is also used for maintenance, repair and operations.[4] Over time, the terminology of maintenance and MRO has begun to become standardized. The United States Department of Defense uses the following definitions:[5] Maintenance is strictly connected to the utilization stage of the product or technical system, in which the concept of maintainability must be included. Preventive maintenance [edit] Planned maintenance. Sequence. For example, (M, A, R, Y) is a sequence of letters with the letter 'M' first and 'Y' last. This sequence differs from (A, R, M, Y).
Also, the sequence (1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8), which contains the number 1 at two different positions, is a valid sequence. Sequences can be finite, as in this example, or infinite, such as the sequence of all even positive integers (2, 4, 6,...). Finite sequences are sometimes known as strings or words and infinite sequences as streams. The empty sequence ( ) is included in most notions of sequence, but may be excluded depending on the context. An infinite sequence of real numbers (in blue).
This sequence is neither increasing, nor decreasing, nor convergent, nor Cauchy. Examples and notation[edit] There are a number of ways to denote a sequence, some of which are more useful for specific types of sequences. Important examples[edit] A tiling with squares whose sides are successive Fibonacci numbers in length. There are many important integer sequences. Indexing[edit] Springer - Using ‘thought units’ to apply the method of creative hermeneutics | International Communication of Chinese Culture.
Chan, K. 2008. A New Approach to Han Fei on Personhood. SOCIETAS A Journal for Philosophical Study of Public Affairs 26: 97–153. Google Scholar Fu, C.W.H. 1976. Creative Hermeneutics: Taoist Metaphysics and Heidegger. Journal of Chinese Philosophy 3 (2): 115–143.Article Google Scholar Fu, C.W.H. 1986. Turn. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Sports and games[edit] Science and technology[edit] Philosophy[edit] Entertainment[edit] Film and television[edit] Literature[edit] Music[edit] Albums[edit] Songs[edit] Places[edit] Turn, Kočevje, a former settlement in SloveniaTurn Village, in Lancashire, EnglandTirns, (West Frisian: Turns) a village in the Netherlands Other uses[edit] See also[edit] Topics referred to by the same term.
Turn-taking. Type of organization in conversation and discourse While the structure is generally universal,[2] that is, overlapping talk is generally avoided and silence between turns is minimized, turn-taking conventions vary by culture and community.[3] Conventions vary in many ways, such as how turns are distributed, how transitions are signaled, or how long the average gap is between turns. In many contexts, conversation turns are a valuable means to participate in social life and have been subject to competition.[4] It is often thought that turn-taking strategies differ by gender; consequently, turn-taking has been a topic of intense examination in gender studies. While early studies supported gendered stereotypes, such as men interrupting more than women and women talking more than men,[5] recent research has found mixed evidence of gender-specific conversational strategies, and few overarching patterns have emerged.
Organization[edit] Timing[edit] Kobin H. Overlap[edit] Eye contact[edit] Phonetic transcription. Visual representation of speech sounds Versus orthography[edit] The pronunciation of words in all languages changes over time.[1] However, their written forms (orthography) are often not modified to take account of such changes, and do not accurately represent the pronunciation. Words borrowed from other languages may retain the spelling from the original language, which may have a different system of correspondences between written symbols and speech sounds.
Pronunciation can also vary greatly among dialects of a language. Standard orthography in some languages, such as English and Tibetan, is often irregular and makes it difficult to predict pronunciation from spelling. For most languages, phonetic transcription makes it possible to show pronunciation with something much nearer to a one-to-one relationship between sound and symbol than is possible with the language's orthography.
Narrow versus broad; phonemic versus phonetic[edit] Types of notational systems[edit] Alphabetic[edit] ☢️ Corpus.