Digital Logic Families Part-II. Newest Questions. WEBENCH Design Center. Electronics on Reddit.
Cloud Engineering: Ship faster with better hardware engineering tools - Upverter. Joule Thief. Leaflabs.com. AC Light Dimmer - Andrew Jessop. March 2006 This project came about because a friend of mine had something similar as a component for his final year electronic engineering project. We decided that we would have a kind of competition to see who could build an AVR based AC light dimmer the quickest. I was interested because I had always wanted to experiment with AC power control, and this was the perfect, simple little project. AC Dimming Theory Explanation to go here. Hardware Software The code for this project was written in BASCOM AVR - a BASIC compiler for the AVR microcontrollers. References Silicon Chip. | dms. Electronics. Since my V-USB tutorials became popular, a recurring theme in the comments section have been people who are obviously motivated to try out the tutorial, but due to limited exposure to C language and command-line are either having trouble following my short instructions to compile the example .hex files, or being scared of the command-line, have tried to use AVR Studio instead, and fail.
I have to admit that first I was a bit annoyed by these people – why are they trying to follow a challenging project, when they seemingly have no understanding of how command line, makefiles, C compiler and linking process works? Then, comment by comment, I finally realized that not everyone started coding in the nineties where you launched Windows 3.11 mostly to play Solitaire, and biggest thing in coding productivity was 80×50 text mode which allowed you to have 16-color hacking bliss in your Borland Turbo C++ 3.0 IDE (or RHIDE, after DJGPP came around).
The first one is really easy. 魔狮电子--HarryLEO 开源硬件. 电子工程师技术之吧-电子博客. Charlieplexing LEDs- The theory. This instructable is less a build you're own project and more a description of the theory of charlieplexing. It's suitable for people with the basics of electronics, but not complete beginners. I've written it in response to the many questions I've gotten in my previously published Instructables.
What is 'Charlieplexing'? It is driving lots of LEDs with only a few pins. In case you're wondering Charlieplexing is named after Charles Allen at Maxim who developed the technique. This can be useful for lots of things. You may need to display status information on a small microcontroller, but only have a few pins spare. The Minidot 2 clock introduces an advanced charlieplexing scheme for fading/dimming which won't be discussed here. UPDATE 19 August 2008 : I've added a zip file with a circuit that may be able to exploit the matrix charliplexing for high power LEDs discussed (at length :) ) in the comments section.
Radio software. How to Build a Homemade Clapper to Adjust the Lights and Set the Mood. One night, I was trying to draw a circuit on a chalkboard, but it became too dark to see. The next day I bought a new lamp, only to find that the board gave off too much glare. I needed a light I could easily adjust. I could have just installed a dimmer, but where's the fun in that? As an engineer, I like to do projects that use a little electronics, a bit of mechanics and some software. My friends and I had been talking about those old '80s commercials for the Clapper, and it occurred to me that I could make a circuit that would dim the lights when I clapped my hands. The one I made is relatively inexpensive and a lot more functional than the original—it's even got a Party mode that can pulse the light along with the beats of the music from my stereo. Pretty much any lamp will do, but a DC-powered LED one works best.
A Darlington transistor manages brightness by switching the light off and on an imperceptible 40,000 times a second. Time: 5 hoursCost: $50Difficulty: 3 out of 5. H-Bridge on a Breadboard. Inovix Labz. Power Amplifier. Rutgers DCS HackerSpace. Electronic amplifier. A practical bipolar transistor amplifier circuit There are four basic types of electronic amplifier: the voltage amplifier, the current amplifier, the transconductance amplifier, and the transresistance amplifier.
A further distinction is whether the output is a linear or nonlinear representation of the input. Amplifiers can also be categorized by their physical placement in the signal chain.[1] Figures of merit[edit] Amplifier quality is characterized by a list of specifications that includes: Amplifier types[edit] Amplifiers are described according to their input and output properties.[2] They exhibit the property of gain, or multiplication factor that relates the magnitude of the output signal to the input signal.
The four basic types of amplifiers are as follows:[1] Voltage amplifier – This is the most common type of amplifier. In most cases an amplifier will be linear; that is, the gain is constant for any normal level of input and output signal. Power amplifier[edit] Klystrons[edit] Class A Amplifier - Transistor Amplifier Tutorial. The Class-A Amplifier Common emitter amplifiers are the most commonly used type of amplifier as they have a large voltage gain. They are designed to produce a large output voltage swing from a relatively small input signal voltage of only a few millivolt’s and are used mainly as “small signal amplifiers” as we saw in the previous tutorials.
However, sometimes an amplifier is required to drive large resistive loads such as a loudspeaker or to drive a motor in a robot and for these types of applications where high switching currents are needed Power Amplifiers are required. The main function of the Power Amplifier, which are also known as a “large signal amplifier” is to deliver power, which is the product of voltage and current to the load.
Because of these high load currents the output transistor(s) used for power amplifier output stages such as the 2N3055 need to have higher voltage and power ratings than the general ones used for small signal amplifiers such as the BC107. The r.m.s. Simple Class-A Power Amplifier - Electronic Circuits and Articles. Class E Transmitters - Theory of Operation. || Class E Home || WA1QIX home page || Class E Forum || AMFone || The idea behind class E is to reduce or eliminate the effects the various capacitances within the MOSFET have on efficiency and operation at high frequencies.
The major operational condition is that the MOSFET is only switched (turned on) when there is no voltage across the device. This eliminates switching losses, a major loss component of most RF amplifiers. There are three capacitances at work within the MOSFET itself; the input capacitance, the output capacitance and the so-called "transfer" (drain to gate) capacitance. The effects of the capacitances within the MOSFET can be reduced by making the capacitances part of resonant circuits rather than "forcing" energy into and out of the capacitances, and by controlling the timing of the switching of the MOSFET such that the device is switched on only when the output capacitor is discharged.
Let's look at the various elements. Semi Conducting - A Guide. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Anyway, Electronics, as stated before by many of my comrades around the globe, have all become the most important things in our daily lives. Cell phones, computers, TV's, keyboards, mice, speakers, everything all uses electricity and of course, SEMICONDUCTORS. You could easily try and open up your phone, or your xbox, and there's hundreds of big, small, tiny, and huge black things lurking inside them. Those things have silicon, among other metals mashed together inside of them.
Asking around, and getting some odd looks, almost no one knows how a transistor works, a mosfet, or anything except for the most basic of electronic components, and even then that's a stretch. This guide/bible to the almighty semiconductor will serve you well, hopefully. Yeah, I wanna win a 3-D printer... All I can really say is thank you for taking your time to read this, if you do. Microcode. Microcode is a layer of hardware-level instructions or data structures involved in the implementation of higher level machine code instructions in central processing units, and in the implementation of the internal logic of many channel controllers, disk controllers, network interface controllers, network processors, graphics processing units, and other hardware.
It resides in special high-speed memory and translates machine instructions into sequences of detailed circuit-level operations. It helps separate the machine instructions from the underlying electronics so that instructions can be designed and altered more freely. It also makes it feasible to build complex multi-step instructions while still reducing the complexity of the electronic circuitry compared to other methods.
Writing microcode is often called microprogramming and the microcode in a particular processor implementation is sometimes called a microprogram. Overview[edit] The reason for microprogramming[edit] Benefits[edit] Swarm robots - XinCheJian. The Goal of Swarm Robots The goal of this project is to BUILD A SWARM OF ROBOTS. In the process of building these robots, we hope that members who participate will also learn different kinds of skills. Regular Meetup Night Mailing List Swarm Robots uses the Xinchejian Google Groups Mailing list Post by sending email to: xinchejian -at- googlegroups.com Join by sending email to: xinchejian+subscribe -at- googlegroups.com List of Swarm Robots Swarm Robot List Updates UPDATED AUGUST 3rd This project has now restarted!
General Ideas The idea is to build a swarm of little robots with a size of max. 5cm x 5cm x 5cm. See Swarm Robots Pheromone Idea Costs The goal is to keep the costs for one basic robot under $5. 1x µC - $1~$2 1x dual motor driver - 1$ 2x motors - $1 1x battery - $1 2x IR LED as sender + 2x IR receiver - $0.5 1x microphone - $0.5 Swarm Robot History Swarm 0.0.2 Basically it's the same concept but with changes on the main board of the base robot.
First development stage Swarm 0.0.4?? Circuits.io. Tlc5940. TLC 5940 - PWM Driver. Demystifying the TLC5940 - artcfox. A free book/library by Matthew T. Pandina This book explains how to turn the datasheet and application notes for the TLC5940, a 16 channel LED driver with dot correction and grayscale PWM control, into an unencumbered C library for use with an AVR microcontroller. This library uses the CLKO pin of the AVR to drive the GSCLK line of the TLC5940, which allows grayscale values to be updated at 3906.25 Hz with a CLK I/O of 16 MHz, and 4882.8125 Hz with a CLK I/O of 20 MHz. The first project in the book guides you through creating a reference implementation based on the official TLC5940 programming flowchart. The subsequent projects build upon this implementation, first refactoring it to be ISR-based, then optimizing it to use hardware SPI, then adding features, and finally turning it into a fully functional library, which can be reused for multiple projects.
Also available is a zip file with the complete source code for every project in the book, along with schematics and Makefiles. Transistor–transistor logic. Transistor–transistor logic (TTL) is a class of digital circuits built from bipolar junction transistors (BJT) and resistors. It is called transistor–transistor logic because both the logic gating function (e.g., AND) and the amplifying function are performed by transistors (contrast with RTL and DTL). TTL is notable for being a widespread integrated circuit (IC) family used in many applications such as computers, industrial controls, test equipment and instrumentation, consumer electronics, synthesizers, etc.
The designation TTL is sometimes used to mean TTL-compatible logic levels, even when not associated directly with TTL integrated circuits, for example as a label on the inputs and outputs of electronic instruments.[1] After their introduction in integrated circuit form in 1963 by Sylvania, TTL integrated circuits were manufactured by several semiconductor companies, with the 7400 series by Texas Instruments becoming particularly popular.
History[edit] Implementation[edit] Learn Electronics Online for Free | InfiniteSpectra Blog. UC Berkeley Webcasts | Video and Podcasts: Events by Category. Welcome to the Website for Digital Integrated Circuits Second Edition Jan M. Sallen-Key Low-pass Filter Design Tool. DIY Resistor Substitution Decade Box ‹‹ Digital Underpants. Post by: Admin On: Aug 18/12 With 36 Comments Now available for sale on Tindie! Here’s a handy guild on how to build your own DIY Resistor Substitution Decade Box. I had seen several people online building their own, but instructions weren’t very clear. Hopefully these 50 or so pictures will help. First step – hop onto ebay, and pick up some switches. NOTE: You’ll want the KS1 type switch – not the KS2 if you want to fit in the radio shack case. Here’s what they look like.
They “stack” and kinda snap together. The back of them have some soldering points. You’ll need 9 resistors for each “decade” – So 9 of each: 1Ω, 10Ω, 100Ω, 1kΩ, 10kΩ, 100kΩ, 1MΩ, 10MΩ, 100MΩ. So pick 9 resistors – all the same value for that decade. The spacing on the switches is a bit less than what a 1/4 watt resistor will fit. Now lets start – here the pattern for the first set of 8 resistors Insert Keep going… Solder them up. » Blog Archive » Capacitance meter (Part 1) Part 1, 2, 3, 4 Identifiying a capacitor is no big deal as long as the labelling is readable: Depending upon the package type, we will use some conversion formula, like: However, identiying a surface mount capacitor may be tricky! In this case a capitance meter is necessary. Will it be the ultimate capacitance meter? Once again (or say, “as usual”!) Let’s go back to some fundamentals. OK, fine, but what shall we do with this? “The time constant is the time required to charge the capacitor to ≈ 63% of its full charge.
Ah, that’s better. An in deep approach of the discharging equation: V = E (1 – e^-t/RC) With: • V et E in volts • t in seconds • R in ohms • C in farad shows that the tangent to the transient curve crosses the time axis at τ ! And here is a real life example taken for the discharge cycle of a 300 pF capacitor through a 10 MOhms resistor. How to get there?
And now that we have our time constant and knowing the value of the resistor, we can deduce the capacitance! FilterDesignIn30Seconds.pdf (application/pdf Object) Comparison. CircuitLab - online schematic editor & circuit simulator. Simple Pre-Amp with One Transistor « Audio Circuit. This is a very simple pre-amp circuit which use a transistor as a active component to boost the input signal. Its simplicity makes this circuit easy to built and inexpensive. The microphone used in this circuit is electret type which is very sensitive detecting the sound around its. It require 3-9V DC power supply with small power consumption. About Audio Amplifier An audio amplifier is an electronic amplifier that amplifies low-power audio signals (signals composed primarily of frequencies between 20 - 20 000 Hz, the human range of hearing) to a level suitable for driving loudspeakers and is the final stage in a typical audio playback chain.
The preceding stages in such a chain are low power audio amplifiers which perform tasks like pre-amplification, equalization, tone control, mixing/effects, or audio sources like record players, CD players, and cassette players. This is a video tutorial about how to a very simple audio amplifier based on the LM386 amplifier chip. Watch the video: Condenser Mic preamplifier « Audio Circuit. Make a Simple Audio Amplifier. Tutorials. Successive approximation ADC. Pulse & Digital Circuits - U.a.bakshi. Very simple Arduino capacitance meter using 16 bit timer and analog comparator | electronicsblog.net. IR Short Distance Beam Cut Detector. Designing Bipolar Transistor Audio PreAmplifiers. ISD voice recorder IC. Search.
Radio. Hong Kong.