Odd Emotions. There are at least 216 foreign words for positive emotional states and concepts that we don't have in English. One criticism levelled at positive psychology is that it takes an overly Western-centric view of the lighter side of human experience. Addressing that problem, Tim Lomas at the University of East London has begun a deep investigation into all the non-English words for positive emotions and concepts that don't have a direct translation in English. Publishing his initial findings in the The Journal of Positive Psychology, Lomas' hope is not only that we might learn more about the positive psychology of other cultures, but that hearing of these words might enrich our own emotional lives. Of course there is a long-running debate about how much words influence our thoughts and emotions. Few people these days would advocate the idea that you can't feel an emotion if you don't have a word for it.
Words relating to relationships, including the subcategories of intimacy and more general prosociality: Words relating to character, including the subcategories of resources and spirituality: Here Are 35 Brilliant Words That Should Absolutely Be A Part Of Your Everyday Vocabulary. 14. "Oh that douche? His backpfeifengesicht it asking for it. " Good luck pronouncing this one, folks. How does interoceptive awareness interact with the subjective experience of emotion? An fMRI study. Plutchik.emotion.theorie.POSTER.pdf. Reward Pays the Cost of Noise Reduction in Motor and Cognitive Control: Current Biology. Frontiers | Distinctive mood induction effects of fear or sadness on anger and aggressive behavior | Emotion Science.
1Department of Psychology, Capital Normal University,CNU, China 2Queens College, the City University of New York, USA 3Zhejiang Normal University, China A recent study has reported that the successful implementation of cognitive regulation of emotion depends on higher-level cognitive functions, such as top-down control, which may be impaired in stressful situations. This calls for a need of “cognition free” self-regulatory strategies that do not require top-down control. In contrast to the cognitive regulation of emotion that emphasizes the role of cognition, traditional Chinese philosophy and medicine views the relationship among different types of emotions as promoting or counteracting each other, without the involvement of cognition, which provides an insightful perspective for developing “cognition free” regulatory strategies. Keywords: Anger, sadness, Fear, aggressive behavior, emotion regulatory strategy, mood induction Citation: Zhan J, Ren J, Fan J and Luo J (2015).
How the brain tells good from bad. Eating a slice of chocolate cake or spending time with a friend usually stimulates positive feelings, while getting in a car accident or anticipating a difficult exam is more likely to generate a fearful or anxious response. An almond-shaped brain structure called the amygdala is believed to be responsible for assigning these emotional reactions. Neuroscientists from MIT’s Picower Institute for Learning and Memory have now identified two populations of neurons in the amygdala that process positive and negative emotions. These neurons then relay the information to other brain regions that initiate the appropriate behavioral response. The study, which appears in the April 29 issue of Nature, represents a significant step in understanding how the brain assigns emotions to different experiences, says senior study author Kay Tye, the Whitehead Career Development Assistant Professor in the Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences.
“How do we tell if something is good or bad? Intergenerational transmission of emotional trauma through amygdala-dependent mother-to-infant transfer of specific fear. Author Affiliations Edited by Bruce S. McEwen, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, and approved June 27, 2014 (received for review September 4, 2013) Significance Despite clinical evidence that specific fear is transmitted across generations, we have little understanding of mechanisms. Here, we model social transmission of mother-to-infant fear in rodents. Abstract Emotional trauma is transmitted across generations. Freely available online through the PNAS open access option. Evidence for Unintentional Emotional Contagion Beyond Dyads. Abstract Little is known about the spread of emotions beyond dyads. Yet, it is of importance for explaining the emergence of crowd behaviors. Here, we experimentally addressed whether emotional homogeneity within a crowd might result from a cascade of local emotional transmissions where the perception of another’s emotional expression produces, in the observer's face and body, sufficient information to allow for the transmission of the emotion to a third party.
We reproduced a minimal element of a crowd situation and recorded the facial electromyographic activity and the skin conductance response of an individual C observing the face of an individual B watching an individual A displaying either joy or fear full body expressions. Critically, individual B did not know that she was being watched. We show that emotions of joy and fear displayed by A were spontaneously transmitted to C through B, even when the emotional information available in B’s faces could not be explicitly recognized. Living Comfortably with Hypocrisy and Negative Evidence. The Google Define:Hypocrisy command returns the following definition: “the practice of claiming to have moral standards or beliefs to which one’s own behavior does not conform; pretense”. Hypocrisy can be conscious or unconscious. People can be aware that their beliefs are contradicted by their daily behavior or not.
In this latter case, hypocrisy is often obvious to observers. Have you ever wondered how people can live comfortably with hypocrisy? Likewise, have you ever wondered how people can live comfortably with massive negative evidence against what they do at work or how they live their lives? This article originally appeared on Psychology Today. Two Cognitive Explanations Denial Denial is commonly inferred when people refuse to face facts. Dissonance Hypocrisy and negative evidence are expected to create dissonance, except that people who behave hypocritically don’t seem to be upset. Motivated Cognition Denial is understood to be emotionally motivated. Emotion as Foreground Warren W. 02699931.2015.1023702# Awe and Order - Emotion News. When do we feel awe? And what kinds of behaviors and beliefs does this emotional state motivate? Recent research has explored these questions in a variety of ways and several themes have begun to emerge. First, we feel awe when in the presence of something it is hard to wrap our minds around, whether this be the infinite depths of space, a beautiful piece of art, or a striking double rainbow.
And these failures to assimilate information into our knowledge structures can elicit deep feelings of uncertainty and confusion, motivating us to imbue our environment with order and predictability. The relationship between awe and religiosity or spirituality has been demonstrated before. We conducted three studies that tested these predictions. But no work as of yet has examined the effect awe might have on attitudes towards scientific explanation. Photo credit: picture by Moyan Brenn on Flickr "" (C) 2011 Moyan Brenn. Inzlicht-Bartholow-Hirsh-in-press2. Is self-disgust the emotional trigger that leads to self-harm?
To help people who perform non-lethal self-harm, such as cutting and burning themselves, we need a better understanding of the thoughts and feelings that contribute to them resorting to this behaviour. Risk factors are already known, including depression and a history of sexual abuse. However, Noelle Smith and her colleagues wondered if these factors increase the risk of self-harm because they lead people to experience self-disgust. Viewed this way, the researchers believe "self-disgust may serve as an emotional trigger" for self-harm. Over five hundred undergrads, men and women, answered questions about whether they'd ever intentionally harmed themselves (including cutting, burning and scratching); when they'd last performed such an act; their depression symptoms; any history of physical or sexual abuse; their anxiety; and crucially, their feelings of self-disgust, as measured by 18 items, such as "I find myself repulsive".
Distinct populations of neurons respond to emotional valence and ar... Cell. To view the full text, please login as a subscribed user or purchase a subscription. Click here to view the full text on ScienceDirect. Highlights •Cognitive control can be understood as an emotional process. •Negative affect is an integral, instantiating aspect of cognitive control. •Cognitive conflict has an emotional cost, evoking a host of emotional primitives. •Emotion is not an inert byproduct of conflict, but helps in recruiting control. Often seen as the paragon of higher cognition, here we suggest that cognitive control is dependent on emotion. To access this article, please choose from the options below Register an Account If you do not have an account, create one by clicking the button below, and take full advantage of this site's features.
Role of triggers and dysphoria in mind-wandering about past, presen... Somatic influences on subjective well-being and affective disorders: the convergence of thermosensory and central serotonergic systems | Cognition. 1Department of Psychiatry, Norton School of Family and Consumer Sciences, College of Medicine, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA2Department of Psychology, School of Psychological Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia3Marketing Division, Leeds School of Business, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA4Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA5Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA Current theories suggest that the brain is the sole source of mental illness.
However, affective disorders, and major depressive disorder (MDD) in particular, may be better conceptualized as brain-body disorders that involve peripheral systems as well. This perspective emphasizes the embodied, multifaceted physiology of well-being, and suggests that afferent signals from the body may contribute to cognitive and emotional states. Edited by: Asynchronous presentation of global and local information reveals effects of attention on brain electrical activity specific to each level | Perception Science. 1Cognitive Neurosciences, Cuban Center for Neuroscience, Havana, Cuba2Neuroinformatics, Cuban Center for Neuroscience, Havana, Cuba The neural basis of selective attention within hierarchically organized Navon figures has been extensively studied with event related potentials (ERPs), by contrasting responses obtained when attending the global and the local echelons.
The findings are inherently ambiguous because both levels are always presented together. Thus, only a mixture of the brain responses to two levels can be observed. Here, we use a method that allows unveiling of global and local letters at distinct times, enabling estimation of separate ERPs related to each level. Two interspersed oddball streams were presented, each using letters from one level and comprised of frequent distracters and rare targets. Keywords: compound figure, ERP, global, local, attention Received: 24 March 2014; Accepted: 18 December 2014; Published online: 13 January 2015. Perceptions as Hypotheses: Saccades as Experiments. The Child Affective Facial Expression (CAFE) set: validity and reliability from untrained adults | Emotion Science. Faces are a very special category of stimuli for us as humans. We might see hundreds of faces in the course of a day and millions in the course of a lifetime.
Because of their importance to our everyday social interactions, perception of human facial expressions has likewise been an important topic in psychological research. Nearly three decades ago, Paul Ekman and colleagues identified six “basic” emotional expressions and argued that these six emotions are universally recognizable in most human populations. These emotions include sadness, happiness, surprise, anger, disgust, and fear (Ekman and Friesen, 1976; Ekman, 1992).
Based on this early work, Ekman and Friesen (1976) created a stimulus set of photographs of adults posing these six basic expressions to facilitate research in this domain. Despite their usefulness, facial expression sets are currently limited as most of them only capture the emotional expressions in adults. Methods Participants Materials Figure 1. Procedure Results. Differential changes in self-reported aspects of interoceptive awareness through 3 months of contemplative training | Consciousness Research. 1Department of Social Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany2Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany3Health Psychology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany4Department of Family and Community Medicine, Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA Interoceptive body awareness (IA) is crucial for psychological well-being and plays an important role in many contemplative traditions.
However, until recently, standardized self-report measures of IA were scarce, not comprehensive, and the effects of interoceptive training on such measures were largely unknown. The Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA) questionnaire measures IA with eight different scales. Keywords: interoceptive awareness, interoception, body awareness, contemplative training, meditation, questionnaire, change, mindfulness. Emotional and movement-related body postures modulate visual processing. Surprise! Infants consider possible bases of generalization for a single input example - Gerken - 2014 - Developmental Science. Cross-cultural differences in somatic awareness and interoceptive accuracy: a review of the literature and directions for future research.
Navigating beyond “here & now” affordances—on sensorimotor maturation and “false belief” performance | Cognitive Science. Department of Philosophy, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA How and when do we learn to understand other people's perspectives and possibly divergent beliefs? This question has elicited much theoretical and empirical research. A puzzling finding has been that toddlers perform well on so-called implicit false belief (FB) tasks but do not show such capacities on traditional explicit FB tasks. I propose a navigational approach, which offers a hitherto ignored way of making sense of the seemingly contradictory results.
The proposal involves a distinction between how we navigate FBs as they relate to (1) our current affordances (here & now navigation) as opposed to (2) presently non-actual relations, where we need to leave our concrete embodied/situated viewpoint (counterfactual navigation). Keywords: affordances, false belief test, metacognition, sensorimotor priors, developmental psychology, embodied cognition, theory of mind, social cognition Copyright © 2014 Brincker.
Why Do We Want to Bite Cute Things, Like Adorable Newborn Babies? What Is Fatigue?