Henry Stapp. Henry Stapp (born 1928) is an American physicist, known for his work in quantum mechanics.[1] Biography[edit] Stapp received his PhD in particle physics at the University of California, Berkeley, under the supervision of Nobel Laureates Emilio Segrè and Owen Chamberlain. While there, he was a member of the Berkeley Fundamental Fysiks Group, founded in May 1975 by Elizabeth Rauscher and George Weissmann, which met weekly to discuss philosophy and quantum physics.[2] Stapp moved to ETH Zurich to do post-doctoral work under Wolfgang Pauli. He is retired from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,[4] but remains a member of its scientific staff.[5] Consciousness[edit] Some of Stapp's work concerns the implications of quantum mechanics for consciousness. Stapp favors the idea that quantum wave functions collapse only when they interact with consciousness as a consequence of "orthodox" quantum mechanics. Other fields of research[edit] See also[edit] References[edit] Jump up ^ Kaiser, David.
Moral reasoning. Technoethics. Clean technology. Evolution. Science. People skills. Transhumanism. Transhumanism (abbreviated as H+ or h+) is an international cultural and intellectual movement with an eventual goal of fundamentally transforming the human condition by developing and making widely available technologies to greatly enhance human intellectual, physical, and psychological capacities.[1] Transhumanist thinkers study the potential benefits and dangers of emerging technologies that could overcome fundamental human limitations, as well as the ethics of developing and using such technologies.
They speculate that human beings may eventually be able to transform themselves into beings with such greatly expanded abilities as to merit the label "posthuman".[1] History[edit] According to Nick Bostrom,[1] transcendentalist impulses have been expressed at least as far back as in the quest for immortality in the Epic of Gilgamesh, as well as historical quests for the Fountain of Youth, Elixir of Life, and other efforts to stave off aging and death. First transhumanist proposals[edit] Cybernetics. Second-order cybernetics. Machine Learning. List of Internet phenomena. This is a partial list of social and cultural phenomena specific to the Internet, such as popular themes, catchphrases, images, viral videos, jokes, and more.
When such fads and sensations occur online, they tend to grow rapidly and become more widespread because the instant communication facilitates word of mouth. Advertising Animation and comics Evan and Gregg Spiridellis, founders of JibJab The adult brony fans of My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic grew from its 4chan roots xkcd's "Wikipedian Protestor" comic Email.
Dual-coding theory. Accelerating change. Cryonics. Technicians prepare a patient for cryopreservation Cryonics (from Greek κρύος kryos- meaning icy cold) is the low-temperature preservation of humans who cannot be sustained by contemporary medicine, with the hope that healing and resuscitation may be possible in the future.[1][2] Cryopreservation of people or large animals is not reversible with current technology. The stated rationale for cryonics is that people who are considered dead by current legal or medical definitions may not necessarily be dead according to the more stringent information-theoretic definition of death.[3] It is proposed that cryopreserved people might someday be recovered by using highly advanced technology.[4] The future repair technologies assumed by cryonics are still hypothetical and not widely known or recognized. Premises[edit] Obstacles to success[edit] Preservation injury[edit] Long-term cryopreservation can be achieved by cooling to near 77.15 Kelvin, the boiling point of liquid nitrogen.
Revival[edit] Nanotechnology. Systems Science. Self-organization. Self-assembly. Pattern Recognition. Systemics. System Engineer. Quantum realm. Nanotoxicology. Scientific literacy. Falsifiability. (11) Pseudoscience. Notetaking. Placebo. (6) Nocebo. Antiscience. History[edit] In the beginnings of the scientific revolution, scientists such as Robert Boyle found themselves in conflict with those such as Thomas Hobbes, who were skeptical of whether science was a satisfactory way to obtain genuine knowledge about the world. Hobbes' stance is sometimes regarded as an antiscience position: In his Six Lessons to the Professors of Mathematics,...
[published in 1656, Hobbes] distinguished 'demonstrable' fields, as 'those the construction of the subject whereof is in the power of the artist himself,' from 'indemonstrable' ones 'where the causes are to seek for.' We can only know the causes of what we make. So geometry is demonstrable, because 'the lines and figures from which we reason are drawn and described by ourselves' and 'civil philosophy is demonstrable, because we make the commonwealth ourselves.' But we can only speculate about the natural world, because 'we know not the construction, but seek it from the effects Political antiscience[edit]
Gantt chart. (1) Self-awareness. Executive functions. (6) Agenda-setting theory. Prospect theory. Fluid intelligence. Reflective practice. Cognitive overload. Wishful thinking. Attribution. Planning fallacy. Fundamental attribution error. Locus of control. Explanatory style. Disposition. Just-world phenomenon. (6) Bias. List of cognitive biases. Self-serving bias. Methods[edit] Laboratory testing[edit] Investigations of the self-serving bias in the laboratory differ depending on the experimental goals, but have basic fundamental aspects. Participants perform some task, often of intelligence, social sensitivity, teaching ability, or therapy skills.[9] Participants may be asked to work alone, in pairs, or in groups. After task completion, participants are given randomized bogus feedback. Some studies employ emotion-induction mechanisms to investigate moderating effects on the self-serving bias.[12] Finally, participants make attributions for the given outcomes.
Neural experimentation[edit] Some more modern testing employs neural imaging techniques to supplement the fundamental self-serving bias laboratory procedures. Naturalistic investigation[edit] Retrospective performance outcomes can be used in investigation of the self-serving bias. Factors and variables[edit] Motivation[edit] Locus of control[edit] Gender[edit] Age[edit] Culture[edit] Role[edit] (6) Confirmation bias. (6) Anchoring. (6) Optimism bias. (6) Money and happiness. Learned helplessness. Learning styles. Self-regulated learning. Unsupervised learning. Metacognition. Metamemory. Meta-emotion. Metalanguage. Portal:Thinking. Naïve realism. Naïve realism argues we perceive the world directly Naïve realism, also known as direct realism or common sense realism, is a philosophy of mind rooted in a theory of perception that claims that the senses provide us with direct awareness of the external world.
In contrast, some forms of idealism assert that no world exists apart from mind-dependent ideas and some forms of skepticism say we cannot trust our senses. Naïve realism is known as direct as against indirect or representative realism when its arguments are developed to counter the latter position, also known as epistemological dualism;[2] that our conscious experience is not of the real world but of an internal representation of the world. Theory[edit] The naïve realist theory may be characterized as the acceptance of the following five beliefs: In the area of visual perception in psychology, the leading direct realist theorist was J. Naïve and scientific realism[edit] Realism and quantum physics[edit] References[edit] See also[edit] Lateral thinking. Lateral thinking is solving problems through an indirect and creative approach, using reasoning that is not immediately obvious and involving ideas that may not be obtainable by using only traditional step-by-step logic.
The term was coined in 1967 by Edward de Bono. [1] According to de Bono, lateral thinking deliberately distances itself from standard perceptions of creativity as either "vertical" logic (the classic method for problem solving: working out the solution step-by-step from the given data) or "horizontal" imagination (having many ideas but being unconcerned with the detailed implementation of them). Methods[edit] Critical thinking is primarily concerned with judging the true value of statements and seeking errors.
Random Entry Idea Generating Tool: The thinker chooses an object at random, or a noun from a dictionary, and associates it with the area they are thinking about. Challenge Idea Generating Tool: A tool which is designed to ask the question "Why? " See also[edit] Behavior. Behavioral Economics. Co-operation. Schema Therapy. Schema Therapy was developed by Dr. Jeffrey E. Young for use in treatment of personality disorders and chronic Axis I disorders, such as when patients fail to respond or relapse after having been through other therapies (for example, traditional CBT). Schema Therapy is a newer, integrative psychotherapy[1] combining theory and techniques from existing therapies, including cognitive behavioral therapy, psychoanalytic object relations, attachment Theory, and Gestalt therapy (Young, 2003, p. 6).
Introduction[edit] The main theoretical concepts in Schema Therapy are Early Maladaptive Schemas (or just "schemas"), Coping Styles, Modes, and basic emotional needs. (Young, 2003, p. 7, 9, 32, 37) In most of psychology, schemas describe an organized pattern of thought or behavior. Modes are mind states that we can shift into quickly or more stably that cluster schemas and coping styles into a temporary "way of being.
" Definition of maladaptive schemas[edit] Schema modes[edit] Identified modes[edit] Meme. A meme (/ˈmiːm/ meem)[1] is "an idea, behavior, or style that spreads from person to person within a culture. "[2] A meme acts as a unit for carrying cultural ideas, symbols, or practices that can be transmitted from one mind to another through writing, speech, gestures, rituals, or other imitable phenomena with a mimicked theme. Supporters of the concept regard memes as cultural analogues to genes in that they self-replicate, mutate, and respond to selective pressures.[3] The word meme is a shortening (modeled on gene) of mimeme (from Ancient Greek μίμημα Greek pronunciation: [míːmɛːma] mīmēma, "imitated thing", from μιμεῖσθαι mimeisthai, "to imitate", from μῖμος mimos "mime")[4] and it was coined by the British evolutionary biologist Richard Dawkins in The Selfish Gene (1976)[1][5] as a concept for discussion of evolutionary principles in explaining the spread of ideas and cultural phenomena.
Dawkins' own position is somewhat ambiguous: he obviously welcomed N. K. History[edit] Sensory defensiveness. Sensory processing was defined by occupational therapist Anna Jean Ayres in 1972 as "the neurological process that organizes sensation from one's own body and from the environment and makes it possible to use the body effectively within the environment".[4][5] The senses provide information from various modalities, vision, audition, tactile, olfactory, taste, proprioception, vestibular system; in order to adequately function.
The mid-brain and brain stem regions of the central nervous system are early centers in the processing pathway for multisensory integration. These brain regions are involved in processes including coordination, attention, arousal, and autonomic function. After sensory information passes through these centers, it is then routed to brain regions responsible for emotions, memory, and higher level cognitive functions. Classification[edit] Epidemiology[edit] Incidence for the remaining subtypes is currently unknown. Causes[edit] EEG recording Signs and symptoms[edit] Holonomic brain theory. The holonomic brain theory, developed by neuroscientist Karl Pribram initially in collaboration with physicist David Bohm, is a model of human cognition that describes the brain as a holographic storage network.[1][2] Pribram suggests these processes involve electric oscillations in the brain's fine-fibered dendritic webs, which are different than the more commonly known action potentials involving axons and synapses.[3][4][5] These oscillations are waves and create wave interference patterns in which memory is encoded naturally, in a way that can be described with Fourier Transformation equations.[3][4][5][6][7] Gabor, Pribram and others noted the similarities between these brain processes and the storage of information in a hologram, which also uses Fourier Transformations.[1][8] In a hologram, any part of the hologram with sufficient size contains the whole of the stored information.
Origins and development[edit] Theory overview[edit] The hologram and holonomy[edit] Correlograph[edit] Inferiority complex. An inferiority complex is a lack of self-worth, a doubt and uncertainty, and feelings of not measuring up to standards. It is often subconscious, and is thought to drive afflicted individuals to overcompensate, resulting either in spectacular achievement or extreme asocial behavior.[1] The term was coined to indicate a lack of covert self-esteem.[2] For many, it is developed through a combination of genetic personality characteristics and personal experiences. Classifications[edit] Classical Adlerian psychology makes a distinction between primary and secondary inferiority feelings. Feeling inferior is often viewed as being inferior to another person, but this is not always the case in the Adlerian view. One often feels incompetent to perform a task, such as a test in school.
History[edit] Causes[edit] An inferiority complex occurs when the feelings of inferiority are intensified in the individual through discouragement or failure. Performance impact[edit] References[edit] Alfred Adler. Alfred W. Adler[1] (February 7, 1870 – May 28, 1937) was an Austrian medical doctor, psychotherapist, and founder of the school of individual psychology.[2] His emphasis on the importance of feelings of inferiority[3]—the inferiority complex—is recognized as isolating an element which plays a key role in personality development.[4] Alfred Adler considered human beings as an individual whole, therefore he called his psychology "Individual Psychology" (Orgler 1976).
Adler was the first to emphasize the importance of the social element in the re-adjustment process of the individual and who carried psychiatry into the community.[5] Influence on depth psychology[edit] Personal life[edit] Alfred Adler was born at Mariahilfer Straße 208[16] in Rudolfsheim, a place near Vienna at the time but today part of Rudolfsheim-Fünfhaus, the 15th district of Vienna.
In 1895 Adler received a medical degree from the University of Vienna. Author and journalist Margot Adler is Adler's granddaughter. Career[edit] Positive Disintegration. The Theory of Positive Disintegration (TPD) by Kazimierz Dąbrowski is a theory of personality development. Unlike mainstream psychology, Dąbrowski's theoretical framework views psychological tension and anxiety as necessary for growth.
These "disintegrative" processes are therefore seen as "positive," whereas people who fail to go through positive disintegration may remain for their entire lives in a state of "primary integration. " Advancing into disintegration and into the higher levels of development is predicated on having developmental potential, including overexcitabilities, above-average reactions to stimuli. Unlike some other theories of development such as Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, it is not assumed that even a majority of people progress through all levels.
Dąbrowski's theory[edit] Kazimierz Dąbrowski (1902–1980), a Polish psychiatrist and psychologist, developed the Theory of Positive Disintegration over his lifetime of clinical and academic work. Notes[edit] Highly sensitive person. Cyclothymia. Depressive realism. Jeffrey M. Schwartz-neuroplasticity and its application to OCD. Ampakine.