Quelles villes gagnent le plus d’habitants ? D’ici à 2025, la population mondiale atteindra 8,1 milliards de personnes. Dix-sept des 20 villes connaissant la plus forte croissance démographique se trouvent en Afrique. Cette infographie, publiée le 13 août sur le site canadien Visual Capitalist, présente les 20 villes de plus de 300 000 habitants qui connaîtront entre 2020 et 2025 la plus forte croissance démographique. Alors que la population mondiale dépassera en 2025 les 8 milliards d’individus, la majeure partie de la croissance démographique sera concentrée en Afrique et en Asie.
Sky transport of Bolivia: no congestion, quicker trips to work | Global development María Eugenia Flores hops out of a bright yellow capsule halfway down a La Paz hillside and pauses to ponder the benefits of the latest addition to the city’s vertiginous skyline. Despite views that induce awe – or acute nausea, jittery sweats and the sudden rediscovery of religious faith depending on your tolerance of heights – what impresses her most about the cable car system that now links La Paz and its nearby sister city, El Alto, is its sheer tranquility and cleanliness. “I used to have to take the minibus to get to work and that was horrible,” says the 37-year-old businesswoman. “The cable car is quicker but, best of all, you don’t arrive at work with a headache from all the traffic fumes.” The newfound freedom to float safely and quietly over Bolivia’s administrative capital, far above the taxis and gaudy buses that pump black clouds of smoke into the already thin air is cherished by the people of La Paz and El Alto alike. “How did we do it?
Mégacités. A l’avenir, les villes auront le pouvoir, pas les pays (site Courrier international) Les villes sont le mode d’organisation sociale le plus stable et le plus durable de l’humanité, elles survivent aux empires et aux nations dont elles avaient été autrefois les joyaux. Aujourd’hui les villes sont devenues des pôles économiques et démographiques de rayonnement mondial. Comme le souligne le sociologue Christopher Chase-Dunn, ce n’est pas la population ou la taille d’un territoire qui donne à une ville son statut de place mondiale mais son poids économique, sa proximité des zones de croissance, sa stabilité politique et la séduction qu’elle exerce auprès des investisseurs étrangers. En d’autres termes, peu importe la taille, c’est surtout le rayonnement qui compte. Dans les marchés émergents comme le Brésil, la Turquie, la Russie et l’Indonésie, le principal centre financier ou commercial représente au moins un tiers ou plus du PIB. Les cités entrent en fusion D’ici à 2025, il y aura au moins quarante mégalopoles de ce genre.
World's first slum museum set up in Dharavi, home of Slumdog Millionaire The teeming Indian metropolis of Mumbai – home to the neighbourhood made famous by the movie Slumdog Millionaire – is to get the world’s first slum museum. The museum in Dharavi, one of Asia’s biggest slums and the setting for Danny Boyle’s hit 2008 film, will showcase some of the many objects produced there every year. “It will be the first museum ever created in a slum,” said Spanish artist Jorge Mañes Rubio, who co-founded the project with Amanda Pinatih, Rahul Srivastava and Matias Echanove. The small mobile museum will open in February for two months and display everything from pottery and textiles to recycled items. The organisers of Design Museum Dharavi say they want to challenge people’s perceptions of slums by highlighting the creative talent that resides in them. Following the success of Slumdog Millionaire, Dharavi has become a tourist attraction and guides offer tours of its hundreds of workshops.
Urbanisation du monde (Atlas de SciencesPo) Résumé La croissance urbaine, en effectifs et en surface, aggrave les problèmes de circulation, de pollution, de consommation énergétique, de logement et d’inégalités sociales. Organisations internationales, ONG et sociétés civiles appellent à des changements de politiques publiques pour une transition vers des villes à faibles émissions de carbone, plus compactes, économes en ressources et socialement plus justes. Plus de la moitié de la population mondiale vit aujourd’hui dans des villes (55 % en 2015 contre 30 % en 1950 et probablement 68 % en 2050). Des villes en réseaux Les grandes agglomérations mondiales constituent l’architecture des processus de mondialisation dont elles sont à la fois les pôles décisionnels et les nœuds des réseaux physiques. 150 premières agglomérations selon la population et le PIB, 2014-2015 Commentaire : La comparaison de ces deux cartes des 150 premières agglomérations mondiales montre de très fortes distorsions entre la population et la richesse.
Fury and frustration in Brazil as fares rise and transport projects flounder massive hike in bus prices threatens to til the country back into instability At 5am every day, Paula Elaine Cardoso begins her long commute from the poor periphery of Rio de Janeiro to her care worker's job in the upmarket resort of Copacabana. After a walk to the bus stop, she has to wait about 40 minutes to get a seat, then – provided there is no breakdown or accident – she has a nearly two-hour ride in the traffic, usually without air conditioning and often in temperatures over 30C. Hot and tired by the time she reaches the subway station, she must then line up again for another jam-packed journey to her destination. Most days, she gets in shortly before 9am, the 22 miles having taken close to three hours. Little wonder then that she – like tens of thousands of other Rio residents – is furious that bus fares in the city are due to go up on Saturday. "It's absurd," Cardoso says. Her sentiments are widely shared, and the fare increase has already sparked a new round of street protests.
Glasgow Then and Now Photos | On This Spot February 23, 2015 Saint Enoch's Square. Caffe Nero has moved into the old subway station, while the church to the right has vanished. The Second City of the Empire While Glasgow's history extends back millennia, the city truly rose to prominence when it became one of the focal points of Britain's industrial revolution. Glasgow's meteoric rise catapulted it into the ranks of the largest and richest cities in the world. The 20th Century was a roller coaster ride for Glasgow. Deindustrialization sucked much of the soul out of Glasgow: once proud buildings lay abandoned, once prosperous communities decayed. Glasgow also holds a special place in my heart as it was the city my mother was born in before she and her young family emigrated to Canada in the 1950s. Another shot in Saint Enoch's Square of men piling into a four-horse carriage for an afternoon outing. Construction under way on the foundations of Glasgow Central Station. Medium Mark C Tanks at the Cattle Market in Gallowgate.
How population growth affects UK transport - Population Matters Across the UK, roads are congested and trains are overcrowded. As the population has grown, demand for transport has increased. In order to keep up with demand and maintain the current quality of life, the government has continuously increased its spending on the sector. In spite of this, the situation has become worse. In this briefing, Population Matters considers the impact of the increasing demand for transport on the UK’s population. Increasing investments in transport facilities drive fares up, while travellers are less likely to travel comfortably. While technological progress offers hope that future transportation will be cleaner and more efficient, the problem of overcrowding can only be solved if population stabilisation policies are actively promoted.
Delhi 'odd-even' anti-pollution car rationing starts again Image copyright AP The Indian capital, Delhi, has begun a second round of car rationing, aimed at curbing high pollution levels. Private cars with even and odd number plates would only be allowed on alternate days from 15 to 30 April, Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal said. A fortnight-long trial from 1 January took more than a third of the city's three million private cars off the road, easing congestion. However, it is not clear whether it helped to bring down pollution. The local government has said that the second phase of the "odd-even plan" would be "decisive" to ascertain its success as a pollution control measure and on whether it would be repeated every month. Friday is a public holiday so traffic on the city roads is sparse. The second phase of the scheme will be enforced by 2,000 traffic personnel, 580 enforcement officials and more than 5,000 civil defence volunteers. Single women and two-wheelers are also allowed to drive every day.
What It’s Like to Live in the World’s Most Polluted City By Melody Rowell Photographs by Matthieu Paley From the skies above to the ground below, Delhi is polluted. This Indian territory, which includes the capital city of New Delhi, is half the size of Rhode Island, and is home to twice the population of New York City. Beijing, China, often makes headlines for its polluted air, but a global study of air pollution in 2014 by the World Health Organization found that Delhi’s air contained several times more fine particulate pollution than Beijing’s. To get a glimpse of what it’s like to live in these conditions, photographer Matthieu Paley spent five days walking across Delhi. Sunita Narain is the director of the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE), based in New Delhi, and she was just named one of Time’s 100 Most Influential People for her work in India’s environmental policy and justice. The Yamuna is spiritually and practically central to the lives of people who live near it.
Where have all Britain’s shoppers gone? | Business Shopping is the national pastime. High streets, malls and retail parks have long been places people went for a day out, rather than on a mission to buy a particular item, and their spending helped lift the country out of recession. But a big drop in footfall – the number of people visiting high street and retail centres – over the past year has exposed fresh cracks in the high street, leaving retail chiefs wondering where all their customers have gone. Analysts are reporting declines in the number of shopper visits to high streets and shopping centres around the country of as much as 10% in some cities over the past year. Worries about the economic outlook, coupled with the rise of internet shopping, jitters about the EU referendum and more spending on eating out and leisure leave little cash left over for splurging in the shops. “There is a lot of nervousness around [among retailers],” says Tim Denison, retail analyst at Ipsos Retail Performance.
How a giant air freshener could save our polluted cities | Environment High in the skies over London, the UK’s first air pollution monitoring squad have been using the latest sensors to chart the levels of ozone and nitrogen dioxide in our atmosphere. The team is highly trained, each equipped with a hi-tech backpack, and proficient in social media. Which all sounds relatively standard, apart from the fact that it is entirely made up of pigeons. Using one of the UK’s best-known feathered friends as a publicity stunt for air pollution awareness was the brainchild of Plume Labs, which has created an app for monitoring pollution on the go. Air pollution is becoming big business – and not without cause. The aim of many pollution-monitoring devices is to detect sudden short-term spikes, which can have drastic health effects, exacerbating underlying conditions and leading to acute strokes and heart problems. So what can be done? “Enabling people to be able to detect high pollution days is a step forward,” Shah says.
Urban Land Use | DP Geography at NIS Landuse models are theories which attempt to explain the layout of urban areas. A model is used to simplify complex, real world situations, and make them easier to explain and understand. There is a range of landuse models that apply to urban areas in MEDCS (More Economically Developed Countries). The Burgess Model (1920s) and the Hoyt Model (1940s) are both quite simple models reflecting urban development in the UK: Both of these models identity similar areas: 1. However, both models have limitations. Later, in the 1950s P.Mann introduced a combination model, called, inspiringly enough, Mann’s Model; The Harris/Ullman Multi-Nuclei Model is next up, from 1945: Harris and Ullman Model Otherwise known as the multiple nuclei model.Idea that cities are not formed around one CBD but a number of separate nuclei in the urban pattern.These nodes become specialised and differentiated based on a number of attributes:Differential accessibility. There’s a simple but effective review HERE. LEDC models: