Biais d'autocomplaisance
Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. La notion de biais d'auto-complaisance désigne la tendance des gens à attribuer la causalité de leur réussite à leurs qualités propres (causes internes) et leurs échecs à des facteurs ne dépendant pas d'eux (causes externes), afin de maintenir positive leur image de soi. Cette notion a été créée par Dale T. Miller et Lee Ross (1975).
Cyberbullying
Bullies and mean girls have been around forever, but technology now gives them a whole new platform for their actions. The old "sticks and stones" saying is no longer true — both real-world and online name-calling can have serious emotional consequences for our kids and teens. It's not always easy to know how and when to step in as a parent. For starters, most kids use technology differently than we do. They're playing games online and sending texts on their phones at an early age, and most teens have devices that keep them constantly connected to the Internet.
Aversion à l'incertitude
Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. En psychologie, l'aversion à l'incertitude est une forme d'aversion au risque se traduisant par la crainte, assez répandue, qu'en cas d'incertitude (situation pourtant générale dans la vie et dans la société, comme dans tout système dynamique) il y ait plus à perdre qu'à gagner. On constate dans la pratique qu'en ce qui concerne les enjeux importants un individu est disposé à engager des ressources pour réduire son incertitude (par exemple : achat de portes blindées, souscription de contrats d'assurance). En ce qui concerne les enjeux plus modestes, au contraire, il se montre prêt à en dépenser pour augmenter cette même incertitude : si un changement de vie, même de probabilité très faible, peut en être espéré (ex: loterie et jeu de hasard)ou tout simplement pour échapper à l'ennui (ex; jeu de cartes, réussites, patiences...)
Psychology of Cyberspace - The Online Disinhibition Effect
On the other hand, the disinhibition effect may not be so benign. Out spills rude language and harsh criticisms, anger, hatred, even threats. Or people explore the dark underworld of the internet, places of pornography and violence, places they would never visit in the real world.
Internet Addiction, Sleep Deprivation, or ADHD ...
With the diagnosis of ADHD on the rise in American teenagers, there is a risk of mislabeling teens with ADHD when the cause of their inattentiveness and falling grades may be related to something else entirely—like anxiety, family issues, or their media-infused lifestyle. This misdiagnosing was especially striking to me with a sixteen-year-old girl named Joy, whose family came to consult me a few months ago. Up until last year, Joy was a straight A student. All of her high school classes were either honors level or Advanced Placement (AP). But in the fall of her junior year, Joy seemed to lose her motivation to do well in school.
Biais rétrospectif
Le biais rétrospectif consiste en une erreur de jugement cognitif désignant la tendance qu'ont les personnes à surestimer rétrospectivement le fait que les événements auraient pu être anticipés moyennant davantage de prévoyance ou de clairvoyance. Selon Nassim Nicholas Taleb, le biais rétrospectif est un mécanisme de déni du hasard dans lequel tout événement doit pouvoir se justifier afin d’être le plus prévisible possible, sa fonction étant dès lors de conforter les individus dans leur sentiment de contrôler l'incertitude[1]. Le biais rétrospectif engendre un coût social et économique qui peut être à l’origine de nombreuses erreurs de jugement dans des domaines aussi divers que le comportement individuel, le diagnostic médical, la spéculation boursière, les agressions sexuelles et les erreurs judiciaires par exemple.
Monica Lewinsky releases new anti-cyberbullying campaign
Monica Lewinsky has released a new anti-cyberbullying campaign video in an attempt to stop the 'silent' epidemic from impacting more people's lives, while detailing her own personal experience with bullying. The campaign video is the third in a powerful series of ads aiming to inform the public about the dangers of cyberbullying and why it should be considered a health epidemic. For Monica, the message is a personal one after the bullying she experienced in 1998 when she went from a private citizen to a public figure after the affair between herself and President Bill Clinton was revealed.
Le centième singe
Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. Les macaques japonais de l'expérimentation Le centième singe est une expression désignant, à l'origine, un phénomène supposé par lequel un apprentissage se serait répandu depuis un petit groupe de singes à toute la population des singes de la même espèce, une fois qu’un certain nombre d’entre eux aurait été atteint (masse critique ou transition de phase). Dans le courant New Age, l'expression se rapporte à une propagation paranormale d’une idée, d’un savoir ou d’une capacité au sein d'une population humaine (comme dans le concept de résonance morphique de Rupert Sheldrake) sans qu’il y ait de transmission visible et une fois qu’un nombre clé de personnes aurait acquis ce savoir ou cette capacité. Le phénomène est généralement considéré dans la communauté scientifique comme une légende urbaine. Origine de la théorie[modifier | modifier le code]
Fear of missing out
Smartphones now enable people to remain in contact with their social and professional network continuously. This may result in compulsive checking for status updates and messages, for fear of missing an opportunity.[1] Fear of missing out, or FOMO, is "a pervasive apprehension that others might be having rewarding experiences from which one is absent".[2] This social anxiety[3] is characterized by "a desire to stay continually connected with what others are doing".[2] FOMO is also defined as a fear of regret,[4] which may lead to a compulsive concern that one might miss an opportunity for social interaction, a novel experience, a profitable investment, or other satisfying events.[5] In other words, FOMO perpetuates the fear of having made the wrong decision on how to spend time since "you can imagine how things could be different".[4][6]
Using Many Social Media Platforms Linked With Depression, Anxiety Risk
Research has suggested a link between spending extended time on social media and experiencing negative mental health outcomes. New evidence suggests that whether it’s distracted attention from using multiple social media outlets or the emotional consequences of a negative online experience, it’s the quality—not so much the quantity—of social media engagement that may affect mood and well-being. iStock/HStocks
Illusion of transparency - Wikipedia
The illusion of transparency is a tendency for people to overestimate the degree to which their personal mental state is known by others.[1] Another manifestation of the illusion of transparency (sometimes called the observer's illusion of transparency) is a tendency for people to overestimate how well they understand others' personal mental states. This cognitive bias is similar to the illusion of asymmetric insight. Experimental support[edit]
Cyberbullying - National Bullying Prevention Center
Just as the use of technology itself has evolved, so has the ability to bully. Bullying, once restricted to the school or neighborhood, has now moved into the online world. Bullying through the use of technology is referred to as “cyberbullying.” Cyberbullying is the use of technology to repeatedly and intentionally harass, hurt, embarrass, humiliate, or intimidate another person.
