⊿ Point. {R} Glossary. ◢ Keyword: R. ▰ Sources. ☢️ [B] Books. ◥ University. {q} PhD. {tr} Training. {R} L' Review. [B] PhD. {R} Method. ⚫ USA. ↂ EndNote. ☝️ Machi (2016) Reasoning. Reason. Capacity for consciously making sense of things Reason is the capacity of applying logic consciously by drawing conclusions from new or existing information, with the aim of seeking the truth.[1] It is associated with such characteristically human activities as philosophy, science, language, mathematics, and art, and is normally considered to be a distinguishing ability possessed by humans.[2] Reason is sometimes referred to as rationality.[3] The words are connected in this way: Using reason, or reasoning, means providing good reasons.
For example, when evaluating a moral decision, "morality is, at the very least, the effort to guide one's conduct by reason—that is, doing what there are the best reasons for doing—while giving equal [and impartial] weight to the interests of all those affected by what one does. "[8] Etymology and related words[edit] Philosophical history[edit] Classical philosophy[edit] Christian and Islamic philosophy[edit] Substantive and formal reason[edit] Aesthetic reason.
☢️ Inductive. ☢️ Deductive. Abductive reasoning. Form of logical inference which seeks the simplest and most likely explanation Abductive reasoning (also called abduction,[1] abductive inference,[1] or retroduction[2]) is a form of logical inference that seeks the simplest and most likely conclusion from a set of observations. It was formulated and advanced by American philosopher Charles Sanders Peirce beginning in the last third of the 19th century. Abductive reasoning, unlike deductive reasoning, yields a plausible conclusion but does not definitively verify it.
Abductive conclusions do not eliminate uncertainty or doubt, which is expressed in retreat terms such as "best available" or "most likely". One can understand abductive reasoning as inference to the best explanation,[3] although not all usages of the terms abduction and inference to the best explanation are equivalent.[4][5] Deduction, induction, and abduction[edit] Deduction[edit] Deductive reasoning allows deriving from only where is a formal logical consequence of. . , where . .