Jp962922n_size-optical_spec.pdf (application/pdf Object) Hohlraum Physics Project. Hohlraum. Inertial confinement fusion[edit] The X-ray intensity around the capsule must be very symmetrical to avoid hydrodynamic instabilities during compression. Earlier designs had radiators at the ends of the hohlraum, but it proved difficult to maintain adequate X-ray symmetry with this geometry. By the end of the 1990s, target physicists developed a new family of designs in which the ion beams are absorbed in the hohlraum walls, so that X-rays are radiated from a large fraction of the solid angle surrounding the capsule. With a judicious choice of absorbing materials, this arrangement, referred to as a "distributed-radiator" target, gives better X-ray symmetry and target gain in simulations than earlier designs.[1] Nuclear weapon design[edit] The term hohlraum is also used to describe the casing of a thermonuclear bomb following the Teller-Ulam design.
Notes and references[edit] External links[edit] NIF Hohlraum – High resolution picture at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Hohlraum. The concept of a radiation temperature (Trad) and of the transport of radiation arises from a logical extension of the familiar concepts of heat emission from a thermally warm object. These concepts extend from infrared radiation from a hot metal bar at a few 100 K all the way to x-rays emitted from an extremely hot object (e.g., a blackbody radiator such as a fission primary) with an equivalent temperature in the million-degree range.
Understanding radiation transport is important because it plays a prominent role in the evolution of stars and in the functioning of a nuclear weapon. Like thermal temperature gradients that cause the diffusion of heat down a metal bar, Trad gradients cause the transport of radiation through systems. For example, radiation from a star is transported from the high Trad region deep within the star where it was created out into the cold surrounding interstellar region.
Key processes occur once the X-Rays from the fission primary have entered the hohlraum. EM Spectrum Properties edit.svg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Cancel Edit Delete Preview revert Text of the note (may include Wiki markup) Could not save your note (edit conflict or other problem).
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