79 The Prairie
Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. Crâne phrénologique du XIXe siècle, Collection Gall (Musée d'anatomie de Lyon) La phrénologie est une théorie selon laquelle les bosses du crâne d'un être humain reflètent son caractère. En 1843, François Magendie qualifia la phrénologie de pseudo-science . Cette conception, bien ancrée dans son temps, est un exemple de méthode expérimentée biaisée dans le cadre de l'étude de l'histoire de la médecine.
Phrénologie
Franz Joseph Gall
Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. Pour les articles homonymes, voir Gall . Franz Joseph Gall
Johann Gaspar Spurzheim
Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. Johann Spurzheim Johann Gaspar Spurzheim (né à Longuich près de Trèves en Allemagne [ 1 ] le 31 décembre 1766 et mort à Boston le 10 novembre 1832 ) est un physiologiste allemand. Il est collaborateur du médecin neurologue franco-allemand Franz Joseph Gall , qui lui adressa une lettre en 1798 sur les « fonctions du cerveau, chez l'homme et les animaux ». Il popularisa la « physiologie intellectuelle » de Gall sous le nom de phrénologie , en Allemagne, France, Angleterre, et aux États-Unis [ 2 ] . Il concourut à l'ouvrage de Gall , l' Anatomie du cerveau ; il publia lui-même des traités sur la Folie (1817), sur les Principes de l'éducation (1821), sur la Nature morale et intellectuelle de l'homme (1832).Jean-François Champollion
Jean-François Champollion (23 December 1790 – 4 March 1832) was a French classical scholar , philologist and orientalist , decipherer of the Egyptian hieroglyphs . Champollion published the first translation of the Rosetta Stone hieroglyphs in 1822, showing that the Egyptian writing system was a combination of phonetic and ideographic signs . [ edit ] Biography Champollion was born in Figeac , Lot , the last of seven children (two of whom died before he was born).
The Rosetta Stone is an ancient Egyptian granodiorite stele inscribed with a decree issued at Memphis in 196 BC on behalf of King Ptolemy V . The decree appears in three scripts: the upper text is Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs , the middle portion Demotic script, and the lowest Ancient Greek . Because it presents essentially the same text in all three scripts (with some minor differences between them), it provided the key to the modern understanding of Egyptian hieroglyphs . Originally displayed within a temple , the stone was probably moved during the early Christian or medieval period and eventually used as building material in the construction of Fort Julien near the town of Rashid (Rosetta) in the Nile Delta . It was rediscovered there in 1799 by a soldier, Pierre-François Bouchard , of the French expedition to Egypt .
Rosetta Stone
William Jones , FRS (1675 – 3 July 1749) was a Welsh mathematician , most noted for his proposal for the use of the symbol π (the Greek letter pi ) to represent the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter . He was a close friend of Sir Isaac Newton and Sir Edmund Halley . In November, 1711 he became a Fellow of the Royal Society , and was later its Vice-President. [ 1 ] [ edit ] Biography William Jones was born the son of Siôn Siôr (John George Jones) and Elizabeth Rowland in the village of Llanfihangel Tre'r Beirdd , on the Isle of Anglesey . He attended a local charity school at Llanfechell, where his mathematical talents were spotted by the local landowner who arranged for him to be given a job in London working in a merchant's counting-house.
William Jones (mathematician)
William Jones (philologist)
A steel engraving of Sir William Jones, after a painting by Sir Joshua Reynolds . Sir William Jones (28 September 1746 – 27 April 1794) was an Anglo-Welsh philologist and scholar of ancient India , particularly known for his proposition of the existence of a relationship among Indo-European languages . He along with Henry Thomas Colebrooke and Nathaniel Halhed founded the Asiatic Society of Bengal , and started a journal called ' Asiatick Researches '. [ edit ] Biography William Jones was born in London at Beaufort Buildings, Westminster ; his father (also named William Jones ) was a mathematician from Anglesey in Wales , noted for devising the use of the symbol pi .Praire
Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. La praire commune est un bivalve de la famille des vénéridés, hôte des fonds côtiers sablo-vaseux du bas de l’étage infralittoral jusqu’à 100 m de profondeur. Elle a une coquille épaisse, équivalve, ornée de stries concentriques très marquées dont la couleur varie du blanc jaunâtre au blanc grisâtre.
Prairie - Ishmailites
All, This chapter, "The Prairie," has a name which has always mystified me, since the word is not used in the chapter. The chapter is definitely not about actual prairies.page 343 Physiognomist: a pseudo-scientist who seeks clues to a person's character by studying their face Phrenologist: a pseudo-scientist who seeks clues to a person's character by studying the shape of their skull Lavater: Johann Kaspar Lavater (1741-1801), a Swiss physiognomist Gall: Franz Joseph Gall (1758-1828), the founder of phrenology
Lavater, Gall, Spurzheim, phrénologie by nicktalop Dec 12