Transcendentalism. Transcendentalism is a religious and philosophical movement that developed during the late 1820s and '30s[1] in the Eastern region of the United States as a protest against the general state of spirituality and, in particular, the state of intellectualism at Harvard University and the doctrine of the Unitarian church as taught at Harvard Divinity School. Among the transcendentalists' core beliefs was the inherent goodness of both people and nature. They believe that society and its institutions—particularly organized religion and political parties—ultimately corrupt the purity of the individual.
They have faith that people are at their best when truly "self-reliant" and independent. It is only from such real individuals that true community could be formed. History[edit] Origins[edit] Transcendentalism is closely related to Unitarianism, the dominant religious movement in Boston at the early nineteenth century. Emerson's Nature[edit] So shall we come to look at the world with new eyes. Philosophie, Histoire, Sociologie. History of Philosophy chart. Aristotelianism. An Introduction to Poststructuralism - 1 of 3 (Derrida) Animating Poststructuralism. Polly Positivist meets Patti Poststructuralist. Bruno-latour.fr. Radical thinkers. Justin E. H. Smith. [Forthcoming from Princeton University Press] Bibliography Works originally published prior to 1900 Acosta, José de.
The naturall and morall historie of the East and West Indies Intreating of the remarkable things of heaven, of the elements, mettalls, plants and beasts which are proper to that country: together with the manners, ceremonies, lawes, governments, and warres of the Indians. Amo, Antonius Guilelmius. ---- ---- ---- ----. Augustine, Aurelius. Bacon, Francis. ---- ---- ---- ----. ---- ---- ---- ----. [Barrère, Pierre].
Bernier, François. ---- ---- ---- ----. Blumenbach, Johann Friedrich. ---- ---- ---- ----. Bruno, Giordano. Buffon, George Louis Leclerc, Comte de. ---- ---- ---- ----. Bulwer, John. Burton, Robert, The Anatomy of Melancholy, New York: New York Review Books Classics, 2001. Capitein, Jacobus Johannes Elisa. Condamine, M. de la. Cyrano de Bergerac, Hercule Savinien. Danckaerts, Jasper. Daniel, Gabriel. Darwin, Erasmus. Descartes, René. Diderot, Denis, et al. Douglaslain.com. Fernand Braudel – A Biography. Fernand Braudel (1902-1985) Fernand Braudel was born on 24 August 1902 in Luméville (northwestern Lorraine), in the Meuse department, near Verdun, France.
The son of a teacher, he spent his childhood in the countryside, living often at his grandmother's farmhouse. In 1908, he moved with his family to Paris. He received a classical education at Lycée Voltaire, in Paris, from 1913 to 1920. He then studied history at the University of Paris, at La Sorbonne and took his degree in 1923. After receiving his degree, Braudel hoped to get a position of teacher at the high school of Bar-le-Duc (Lorraine), the town next to his birth village. But the central bureaucracy, in Paris, decided otherwise. Fernand Braudel wished to enter the academic career.
In 1932, Braudel quit Algeria to start as a high school teacher in Paris. In 1935, Braudel moved to Brazil to start as a professor at University of Sao Paolo, that the French had helped create (in the same time as Claude Lévi-Strauss). Michel Foucault. Born in Poitiers, France to an upper-middle-class family, Foucault was educated at the Lycée Henri-IV and then the École Normale Supérieure, where he developed an interest in philosophy and came under the influence of his tutors Jean Hyppolite and Louis Althusser. After several years as a cultural diplomat abroad, he returned to France and published his first major book, The History of Madness.
After obtaining work between 1960 and 1966 at the University of Clermont-Ferrand, he produced two more significant publications, The Birth of the Clinic and The Order of Things, which displayed his increasing involvement with structuralism, a theoretical movement in social anthropology from which he later distanced himself. These first three histories were examples of a historiographical technique Foucault was developing which he called "archaeology".
Early life[edit] Youth: 1926–1946[edit] "I wasn't always smart, I was actually very stupid in school... École Normale Supérieure: 1946–1951[edit] Walterbenjamin.html.