Words Without Borders: Home. The Stars and Stripes: The American Soldiers' Newspaper of World War I, 1918-1919. The Library of Congress From the Serial and Government Publications Division Search | Browse by Date | List of Issues From February 8, 1918, to June 13, 1919, by order of General John J. Pershing, the United States Army published a newspaper for its forces in France, The Stars and Stripes.
When The Stars and Stripes began publication, American forces were dispersed throughout the Western Front, often mixed at the unit level with British, French, and Italian forces. The mission of the Library of Congress is to make its resources available and useful to Congress and the American people and to sustain and preserve a universal collection of knowledge and creativity for future generations. The Library of Congress presents these documents as part of the record of the past. Special Presentation: A Closer Look at The Stars and Stripes American Memory | Search All Collections | Collection Finder | Teachers. The Papers of George Washington. The Medici Archive Project | The Medici Archive Project. Magna Carta. The Text of Magna Carta Introductory Note As might be expected, the text of the Magna Carta of 1215 bears many traces of haste, and is clearly the product of much bargaining and many hands.
Most of its clauses deal with specific, and often long-standing, grievances rather than with general principles of law. Some of the grievances are self-explanatory: others can be understood only in the context of the feudal society in which they arose. Of a few clauses, the precise meaning is still a matter of argument. In feudal society, the king's barons held their lands `in fee' (feudum) from the king, for an oath to him of loyalty and obedience, and with the obligation to provide him with a fixed number of knights whenever these were required for military service.
Besides military service, feudal custom allowed the king to make certain other exactions from his barons. Translation (Clauses marked (+) are still valid under the charter of 1225, but with a few minor amendments.