Breona Barth
Psychology. Personality Tests. Mental Models. List of cognitive biases. Systematic patterns of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment Cognitive biases are systematic patterns of deviation from norm and/or rationality in judgment. They are often studied in psychology, sociology and behavioral economics.[1] Although the reality of most of these biases is confirmed by reproducible research,[2][3] there are often controversies about how to classify these biases or how to explain them.[4] Several theoretical causes are known for some cognitive biases, which provides a classification of biases by their common generative mechanism (such as noisy information-processing[5]).
Gerd Gigerenzer has criticized the framing of cognitive biases as errors in judgment, and favors interpreting them as arising from rational deviations from logical thought.[6] Explanations include information-processing rules (i.e., mental shortcuts), called heuristics, that the brain uses to produce decisions or judgments. Belief, decision-making and behavioral[edit] Social[edit] [edit] You Always Hurt the One You Love. You always hurt the one you love, the one you should not hurt at all; You always take the sweetest rose, and crush it till the petals fall; You always break the kindest heart, with a hasty word you can't recall; So if I broke your heart last night, it's because I love you most of all. ( The Mills Brothers ) It is easy to understand why someone who doesn't love another person might break the heart of this person-when we do not love those who love us, we are likely to hurt them.
However, the above song refers to hurting the one we do love. How can one both love and hurt the same person? Lovers can easily hurt the beloved without intending to do so. Because the lovers are so significant to each other, any innocent remark or action can be interpreted in a manner that the other person did not intend and hence be hurtful. In situations in which we have nothing of value to lose, we seldom experience disappointment.
Is the Universe Conscious? -This post is excerpted, with changes, from the book Darwin, God and the Meaning of Life by Steve Stewart-Williams - available now from Amazon.com , Amazon.ca , and Amazon.uk . Take out a piece of paper and draw a vertical line right down the middle. On one side of the page, make a list everything in the world that you're sure is conscious; on the other, make a list everything that you're sure is not. Unless you're one of those people who pretends that consciousness doesn't exist, it's a safe bet that you'll have human beings on the conscious side; probably you'll have at least some other animals there to keep them company too. Unless you're a New Ager or mentally unbalanced, it's a safe bet that you'll have things like rocks and potato peelers on the other side, the unconscious side.
One thing you probably won't have on your list of conscious things is: the universe. This is the case, at least, if we assume that not only the body but also the mind is a product of evolution.
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