Comment la première guerre mondiale a transformé le Proche-Orient La première guerre mondiale, déclarée par l’empire ottoman aux côtés des Puissances centrales porte le conflit sur les territoires du Bilad Al-Sham, une Grande Syrie qui comprend le Mont-Liban, la Syrie actuelle, une partie de la Palestine et de la Jordanie (nous n’examinerons pas ici les conséquences de la guerre sur les pays du Golfe). Mais ce n’est pas par impact direct, par la présence de combats (quasi inexistants dans un premier temps en réalité) que la guerre marque les esprits dans la région. Elle est synonyme de famine et de désolation, de rationnement et de fin brutale d’une période de relative prospérité, déjà mise à mal par la crise qui secouait l’empire depuis les guerres des Balkans. Dans les récits de l’époque, c’est l’humiliation et la faim qui dominent. Entre loyauté et émancipations La région dont il s’agit ici est celle que l’on appelle en arabe « le pays de Damas » (Bilad al-Sham). La guerre avant 1914 Les pendus de 1915-1916 (…) D’autres sont morts, depuis.
40 Weird Historical Photos that Actually Happened. But I Still Can’t Believe that Baby in #12 - Obscure Vision 1.) A woman taking her baby for a stroll in a gas-resistant baby carriage. 2.) People posing next to the Statue of Liberty’s face as it was being un-packed. 3.) A photo of Elvis Presley in the army. 4.) 5.) 6.) 7.) 8.) 9.) 10.) 11.) 12.) 13.) 14.) 15.) 16.) 17.) 18.) 19.) 20.) 21.) 22.) 23.) 24.) 25.) 26.) 27.) 28.) 29.) 30.) 31.) 32.) 33.) 34.) 35.) 36.) 37.) 38.) 39.) 40.) Source: Reddit Mapping Emotions On The Body: Love Makes Us Warm All Over : Shots - Health News People drew maps of body locations where they feel basic emotions (top row) and more complex ones (bottom row). Hot colors show regions that people say are stimulated during the emotion. Cool colors indicate deactivated areas. Image courtesy of Lauri Nummenmaa, Enrico Glerean, Riitta Hari, and Jari Hietanen. hide caption toggle caption Image courtesy of Lauri Nummenmaa, Enrico Glerean, Riitta Hari, and Jari Hietanen. People drew maps of body locations where they feel basic emotions (top row) and more complex ones (bottom row). Image courtesy of Lauri Nummenmaa, Enrico Glerean, Riitta Hari, and Jari Hietanen. Close your eyes and imagine the last time you fell in love. Where did you feel the love? When a team of scientists in Finland asked people to map out where they felt different emotions on their bodies, they found that the results were surprisingly consistent, even across cultures. "Say you see a snake and you feel fear," Nummenmaa says. That idea has been known for centuries.
Crash Course: Evolution of the Roman Military | The Odd Historian Accorded by some as being the most effective and long-lived military institution known to history, Rome’s military was the key to its rise from a relative backwater settlement in Italy to the most dominant power of the ancient world. Throughout its millennia-spanning history, Rome’s military underwent substantial changes as it contended with challenges both within its expanding borders and from neighboring adversaries who threatened to harm the integrity of its borders. Here is a crash course on the evolution of the Roman military. Phase I (c. 753 BC – c. 578 BC) Phase II (578 BC – c. 315 BC) The Etruscans occupied the cow stealing menace and brought civilization. Phase III (315 BC – 107 BC) Experience in the Samnite Wars brought further changes to the military. Phase IV (107 BC – 27 BC) A guy called Gaius Marius instituted the Marian reforms and made every citizen eligible to join the military. Phase V (27 BC – 117 AD) Phase VI (117 AD – 238AD) Phase VII (238 AD– 284 AD)
Black Death skeletons unearthed by Crossrail project 29 March 2014Last updated at 20:00 ET By James Morgan Science reporter, BBC News The plague victims' bones reveal clues to their harsh lives in medieval London Skeletons unearthed in London Crossrail excavations are Black Death victims from the great pandemic of the 14th Century, forensic tests indicate. Their teeth contain DNA from the plague bacterium Yersinia pestis and their graves have been dated to 1348-50. Records say thousands of Londoners perished and their corpses were dumped in a mass grave outside the City, but its exact location was a mystery. Continue reading the main story “Start Quote This discovery solves a 660-year-old mystery. End QuoteJay Carver Lead archaeologist, Crossrail Archaeologists now believe it is under Charterhouse Square near the Barbican. They plan to expand their search for victims across the square - guided by underground radar scans, which have picked up signs of many more graves. The teeth of the skeletons contain plague bacterial DNA The plague
A time traveller’s guide to medieval 14th-century shopping The poet WH Auden once suggested that, in order to understand your own country, you need to have lived in at least two others. But what about your own time? By the same reckoning, you need to have experienced at least two other centuries. This presents us with some difficulties. But through historical research, coming to terms with another century is not impossible. We can approach the past as if it really is ‘a foreign country’ – somewhere we might visit. The marketplace “Ribs of beef and many a pie!” All around him people are moving, gesturing, talking. Crowds are noisy. What can you buy? But in most markets it is the popular varieties which you see glistening in the wet hay-filled crates. Next we come to an area set aside for corn: sacks of wheat, barley, oats and rye are piled up, ready for sale to the townsmen. These are only for the wealthy. The rest of the marketplace performs two functions. Planks, you ask? Haggling “Dame, what hold ye the ell (45 inches) of this cloth? Facts
Tableau général des Croisades chrétiennes en Orient XI ème SIECLE : - 1ère croisade : 1098 - 1099La conquête de Jérusalem par les croisés et le Rapport de Raimondo d'Aguilérec concernant la prise de Jérusalem XII ème SIECLE : Carte de territoires croisés en Orient Tableaux des chefs musulmans et chrétiensDébuts de la secte des Assassins islamiquesRègnes de Godefroi de Bouillon et de Baudouin 1erLe règne de Baudouin II (du Bourg) en Palestine Le règne de Bouri à Damas de 1128 à 1132 Le règne de Zenki roi d'Alep et Mossoul de 1128 à 1146 - 2e croisade : 1147 à 1149Louis VII et Aliénor et l'empereur allemand Conrad III (1147) Le règne du Roi Amaury 1er de Jérusalem (1162-1173) Saladin, un homme de coeur et d'honneur Le règne du Sultan Salah el Din ou Youssef Saladin - 3e croisade :1189 à 1192La 3e croisade contre le sultan Saladin L'après Saladin XIII ème SIECLE : - 4e croisade : 1202 à 1204Mise à sac de Constantinople en 1204 - 5e croisade : 1217 à 1221en Egypte à l'appel d'Honorius III - 7e croisade : 1248 à 1254La 7e croisade de St Louis (1249)
10 dangerous things in Victorian/Edwardian homes The late Victorians and the Edwardians lived through a domestic revolution. Theirs was a bold and exciting age of innovation, groundbreaking discoveries and dramatic scientific changes, many of which altered life at home in profound ways - including some that were terrible and unforeseen, writes historian Dr Suzannah Lipscomb. Much of their ingenuity was a response to the challenges of living in the newly booming cities - in 100 years, the urban population of Britain had leapt from two million in 1800 to 20 million at the turn of the 20th Century. By 1850, London was the biggest city the world had ever seen, and such enormous concentrations of people posed brand new problems of feeding, watering and housing the masses. Yet, many of the products they bought or inventive technological solutions they came up with were not only health hazards, but deadly domestic assassins. 1. 2. 3. The bathroom as we know it is a Victorian invention, but at first, it could be a dangerous place. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Siberian princess reveals her 2,500 year old tattoos She is to be kept in a special mausoleum at the Republican National Museum in capital Gorno-Altaisk, where eventually she will be displayed in a glass sarcophagus to tourists. For the past 19 years, since her discovery, she was kept mainly at a scientific institute in Novosibirsk, apart from a period in Moscow when her remains were treated by the same scientists who preserve the body of Soviet founder Vladimir Lenin. To mark the move 'home', The Siberian Times has obtained intricate drawings of her remarkable tattoos, and those of two men, possibly warriors, buried near her on the remote Ukok Plateau, now a UNESCO world cultural and natural heritage site, some 2,500 metres up in the Altai Mountains in a border region close to frontiers of Russia with Mongolia, China and Kazakhstan. To many observers, it is startling how similar they are to modern-day tattoos. Reconstruction of Princess Ukok's tattoos, made by Siberian scientists 'It is a phenomenal level of tattoo art.
Aryan migration: New genetic study makes Out of India theory backed by Hindutva supporters unlikely A new paper authored by 92 scientists from around the globe that was posted online this weekend could settle some major questions about the subcontinent’s history and what that means for various theories of Indian civilisation. The paper, titled “The Genomic Formation of South and Central Asia” which still has to go through peer review, uses genetics to examine the ancestry of ancient inhabitants of the subcontinent. Below is a quick summary of what you need to know. Who authored the study? There are 92 named authors on the study, including scholars from Harvard, MIT, the Russian Academy of Science, the Birbal Sahni Institute of Paleosciences in Lucknow, the Deccan College, the Max Planck Institute, the Institute for Archaeological Research in Uzbekistan and the Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad. How was the study conducted? The researchers looked at genome-wide data from 612 ancient individuals, meaning DNA samples of people that lived millennia ago.
What is Economic History? History with the people left out? Arid quantification? Aggregate History? 'Work' by Ford Maddox Brown, 1852-65D.C. It is not difficult to concoct brief definitions of economic history; but nor is it very rewarding. None of these indicates in what ways economic history is significantly different from more orthodox varieties of history. At this point difficulties arise for the economic historians themselves, about such definitions of method. To conclude. T.C. This question was much easier to answer a generation ago than it is today. More research, however, meant more specialisation. During the 1960s, while the going got harder, an epidemic of econometric history spread from the United States, where economic history is usually taught in economics departments. On the whole, the New Economic History further diminished the subject's broad appeal. Economic history can still claim to deal with the fundamentals of the past in a way that no other branch of history does. M.J. Roderick Floud
Fashion and beauty secrets of a 2,500 year old Siberian 'princess' from her permafrost burial chamber 'Goodbye... 'Reconstruction of a burial scene of Ukok Princess, with both women dressed in traditional Pazyryk clothes. All drawings, here and below, were made by Elena Shumakova, Institute of Archeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science We recently exclusively revealed the extraordinary tattoos on the mummy of a woman aged approximately 25 years old preserved in her ice-clad wooden coffin high in the Altai Mountains. Her story and our pictures of her ancient - yet modern-looking - body art captivated the world and was read in The Siberian Times in no less than 165 countries, while also being followed up by many other news outlets. The pictures of 'Princess Ukok's' tattoos can be seen here, if you missed them earlier. Reconstruction of Pazyryk woman's costume. Ukok plateau in Altai mountains, Siberia. There was also vivianite powder, derived from an iron phosphate mineral, apparently to be applied to the face. 'All pieces of fabric were manually coloured.
The Victorian Web (www,victorianweb.org) The Cambridge Economic History of Modern Britain Roderick Floud has taught modern British history in the UK and the USA; his recent research has used information on human height and weight to explore changes in living standards and he is one of the founders of the sub-discipline of anthropometric history, summed up in The Changing Body (Cambridge University Press, 2011) which has been widely praised. He wrote the first textbook of quantitative methods for historians and has edited all four editions of The Cambridge Economic History of Modern Britain. Roderick has also written extensively on higher education policy and received a knighthood for services to higher education. He is a Fellow of the British Academy and an Academician of the Social Sciences. Jane Humphries is Professor of Economic History at Oxford University where she teaches economic and social history at both graduate and undergraduate levels. Paul Johnson lives in London.