Information design Information design is the practice of presenting information in a way that fosters efficient and effective understanding of it. The term has come to be used specifically for graphic design for displaying information effectively, rather than just attractively or for artistic expression. Information design is closely related to the field of data visualization and is often taught as part of graphic design courses.[1] Etymology[edit] The term 'information design' emerged as a multidisciplinary area of study in the 1970s. In 1982, Edward Tufte produced a book on information design called The Visual Display of Quantitative Information. The term information graphics tends to be used by those primarily concerned with diagramming and display of quantitative information. In technical communication, information design refers to creating an information structure for a set of information aimed at specified audiences. Early examples[edit] Applications[edit] See also[edit] References[edit]
Berry In everyday English, "berry" is a term for any small edible fruit. These "berries" are usually juicy, round or semi-oblong, brightly coloured, sweet or sour, and do not have a stone or pit, although many seeds may be present. Many berries, such as the tomato, are edible, but others in the same family, such as the fruits of the deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna) and the fruits of the potato (Solanum tuberosum) are poisonous to humans. Botanical berries[edit] Ripe lingonberries Examples of botanical berries include: Modified berries[edit] Another specialized term is also used for Cucurbitaceae fruits, which are modified to have a hard outer rind, and are given the special name pepo. Fruits not botanical berries[edit] Many fruits commonly referred to as berries are not actual berries by the scientific definition, but fall into one of the following categories: Drupes[edit] Pomes[edit] Aggregate fruits[edit] Aggregate fruits contain seeds from different ovaries of a single flower. See also[edit]
Industrial design An iPod, an industrially designed product. KitchenAid 5 qt. Stand Mixer, designed in 1937 by Egmont Arens, remains very successful today Western Electric Model 302 telephone, found throughout the United States from 1937 until the introduction of touch-tone dialing.[1] Calculator Olivetti Divisumma 24 designed in 1956 by Marcello Nizzoli All manufactured products are the result of a design process, but the nature of this process can take many forms: it can be conducted by an individual or a large team; it can emphasize intuitive creativity or calculated scientific decision-making, and often emphasizes both at the same time; and it can be influenced by factors as varied as materials, production processes, business strategy, and prevailing social, commercial, or aesthetic attitudes. History[edit] Precursors[edit] The division of labour that underlies the practice of industrial design did have precedents in the pre-industrial era. Birth of industrial design[edit] Education[edit] Institutions[edit]
Cherimoya The cherimoya, also spelled chirimoya, is the fruit of the species Annona cherimola, which generally is thought to be native to the Andes,[1][2] although an alternative hypothesis proposes Central America as the origin of cherimoya because many of its wild relatives occur in this area. Today cherimoya is grown throughout South Asia, Central America, South America, Southern California, Portugal, southern Andalucia [La Axarquia] and South of Italy (Calabria). Description[edit] Split Cherimoya fruit Cherimoya is a deciduous or semi-evergreen shrub or small tree reaching 7 m (22 feet) tall. The fruit is oval, often slightly oblate, 10–20 cm long and 7–10 cm in diameter, with a smooth or slightly tuberculated skin. Some characterize the flavor as a blend of banana, pineapple, papaya, peach, and strawberry. Etymology[edit] The name originates from the Quechua word chirimuya, which means "cold seeds," because the plant grows at high altitudes and the seeds will germinate at higher altitudes.
Industrial control system Process control systems and associated instrumentation Larger systems are usually implemented by supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems, or DCSs, and programmable logic controllers (PLCs), though SCADA and PLC systems are scalable down to small systems with few control loops.[1] Such systems are extensively used in industries such as chemical processing, pulp and paper manufacture, power generation, oil and gas processing, and telecommunications. Discrete controllers[edit] Panel mounted controllers with integral displays. A control loop using a discrete controller. The simplest control systems are based around small discrete controllers with a single control loop each. Quite complex systems can be created with networks of these controllers communicating using industry-standard protocols. Distributed control systems[edit] Functional manufacturing control levels. SCADA systems[edit] Programmable logic controllers[edit] History[edit] A pre-DCS era central control room.
Interaction model In the context of e-Learning, interactivity is defined as "function of input required by the learner while responding to the computer, the analysis of those responses by the computer, and the nature of the action by the computer." [1] Variables of Interactivity[edit] There are two variables describing the interactivity of a given lesson: technology affordance and user freedom. Technology Affordance[edit] Technology affordance in the e-Learning is a function of the capabilities of available computer I/O devices, having a tendency to evolve as new input and output devices become obtainable.[4] There are five levels of technology affordance interactivity: Immersion is full sensory immersion commonly called virtual reality.[5] Video games are the closest approximation we have to Immersion today.Voice. User Freedom[edit] Create. Notes[edit] Jump up ^ Sims, R. (1997), "Interactivity: A forgotten art?"
Information science Academic field concerned with collection and analysis of information Information science (also known as information studies) is an academic field which is primarily concerned with analysis, collection, classification, manipulation, storage, retrieval, movement, dissemination, and protection of information.[1] Practitioners within and outside the field study the application and the usage of knowledge in organizations in addition to the interaction between people, organizations, and any existing information systems with the aim of creating, replacing, improving, or understanding the information systems. Foundations[edit] Scope and approach[edit] Information science focuses on understanding problems from the perspective of the stakeholders involved and then applying information and other technologies as needed. Within information science, current issues as of 2013[update] include: Definitions[edit] Related terms[edit] Regional differences and international terminology complicate the problem.
AirDrop AirDrop is an ad-hoc service in Apple's OS X and iOS operating systems, introduced in Mac OS X Lion and iOS 7.[1] Using AirDrop, users can share files with other supported Mac computers and iOS mobile devices without the need of email or mass storage devices.[1] OS X and iOS use different AirDrop protocols and are currently not interoperable.[2] AirDrop in OS X operates over Wi-Fi, whereas the iOS implementation utilizes both Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. On iOS 7, The feature can be accessed through the Control Center introduced in iOS 7. It is located just below the quick toggles; some users report that the feature is hard to locate but Apple did their best to place it on the most accessible location. Turn off device Discovery,Allow Contacts only to be able to discover your iDevice,Allow everyone to be able to see your iDevice. Sharing on iOS is a bit different in comparison to the simplicity of OSX, you can only share on AirDrop if the application you are using has a share button.
Instructional design Process for design and development of learning resources Instructional design (ID), also known as instructional systems design (ISD), is the practice of systematically designing, developing and delivering instructional products and experiences, both digital and physical, in a consistent and reliable fashion toward an efficient, effective, appealing, engaging and inspiring acquisition of knowledge.[1][2] The process consists broadly of determining the state and needs of the learner, defining the end goal of instruction, and creating some "intervention" to assist in the transition. The outcome of this instruction may be directly observable and scientifically measured or completely hidden and assumed.[3] There are many instructional design models but many are based on the ADDIE model with the five phases: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. History[edit] Origins[edit] 1950s[edit] B. 1960s[edit] Robert Glaser introduced “criterion-referenced measures” in 1962.
The Toyota Way The Toyota Way is a set of principles and behaviors that underlie the Toyota Motor Corporation's managerial approach and production system. Toyota first summed up its philosophy, values and manufacturing ideals in 2001, calling it "The Toyota Way 2001". It consists of principles in two key areas: continuous improvement, and respect for people.[1][2][3] Overview of the principles[edit] The two focal points of the principles are continuous improvement and respect for people. Research findings[edit] In 2004, Dr. According to Liker, the 14 principles of The Toyota Way are organized in four sections: (1) long-term philosophy, (2) the right process will produce the right results, (3) add value to the organization by developing your people, and (4) continuously solving root problems drives organizational learning. Long-term philosophy[edit] The first principle involves managing with a long-view rather than for short-term gain. Right process will produce right results[edit] Results[edit]
Immersive journalism Immersive Journalism is a form of journalism production that allows first person experience of the events or situations described in news reports and documentary film. Using 3D gaming and immersive technologies that create a sense of "being there" and offer the opportunity to personally engage with a story, immersive journalism puts an audience member directly into the event. By accessing a virtual version of the location where the story is occurring as a witness/participant, or by experiencing the perspective of a character depicted in the news story, the audience could be afforded unprecedented access to the sights and sounds, and even the feelings and emotions, which accompany the news.[1] Historical precedents[edit] Well-crafted journalism always aims to elicit a connection between the audience and the news story. Concepts[edit] Immersive journalism constructs allow the audience to enter a virtually recreated scenario representing the story. Scripted events[edit] A digital avatar[edit]
Carambola Unripe carambolas on the tree Carambola, also known as starfruit, is the fruit of Averrhoa carambola, a species of tree native to the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, India, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. The fruit is popular throughout Southeast Asia, the South Pacific and parts of East Asia. The tree is also cultivated throughout non-indigenous tropical areas, such as in Latin America, the Caribbean, and the southern United States. The fruit has distinctive ridges running down its sides (usually five, but can sometimes vary); in cross-section, it resembles a star, hence its name. Origins and distribution[edit] Sliced carambolas having 7, 6, and the usual 5 points The original range of Averrhoa carambola is unknown. Description[edit] The fruit is about 2 to 6 inches (5.1 to 15.2 cm) in length and is an oval shape. Like the closely related bilimbi, there are two main types of carambola, the small sour (or tart) type and the larger sweet type. Gastronomy[edit] Health[edit] Benefits[edit]
Intelligence amplification Use of information technology to augment human intelligence Intelligence amplification (IA) (also referred to as cognitive augmentation, machine augmented intelligence and enhanced intelligence) refers to the effective use of information technology in augmenting human intelligence. The idea was first proposed in the 1950s and 1960s by cybernetics and early computer pioneers. Major contributions[edit] William Ross Ashby: Intelligence Amplification[edit] ... J. "Man-Computer Symbiosis" is a key speculative paper published in 1960 by psychologist/computer scientist J.C.R. Man-computer symbiosis is a subclass of man-machine systems. In Licklider's vision, many of the pure artificial intelligence systems envisioned at the time by over-optimistic researchers would prove unnecessary. Douglas Engelbart: Augmenting Human Intellect[edit] Licklider's research was similar in spirit to his DARPA contemporary and protégé Douglas Engelbart. Later contributions[edit] Levels of Human Cognitive Augmentation