Obesity is associated with early hip fracture risk in postmenopausal women: a 25-year follow-up The study population consisted of the ongoing Kuopio Osteoporosis Risk Factor and Prevention (OSTPRE) study cohort. This population-based long-term follow-up study includes all the 14,220 Caucasian women born between 1932 and 1941 who lived in the Kuopio Province, Eastern Finland in April 1989. A postal questionnaire was mailed to 14,120 of these women at baseline in 1989 with 13,100 (92.8%) responding. The follow-up questionnaires were mailed at 5-year intervals (1994, 1999, 2004, 2009, and 2014) to women who responded to the baseline enquiry and were alive at the time. The response rate varied between 93% and 80% throughout the study. Follow-up and baseline age The final study sample (n = 12,715) consisted of women with available height and weight information. Bone mineral density measurements Baseline responders were asked about their willingness to participate in bone densitometry (DXA) and clinical measurement protocols. Body mass index Statistical analyses
Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery | A leading journal by BMJ The Zone Diet: A Complete Overview The Zone Diet has been popular for several decades. It encourages followers to eat a certain amount of protein, carbs and fat at every meal in order to reduce inflammation in the body, among other health benefits. However, critics have targeted some of its health claims. This article provides a detailed overview of the Zone Diet, including how to follow it, its benefits and disadvantages. The Zone Diet instructs its followers to stick to eating a specific ratio of 40% carbs, 30% protein and 30% fat. As part of the diet, carbs should have a low glycemic index, which means they provide a slow release of sugar into the blood to keep you fuller for longer. The Zone Diet was developed more than 30 years ago by Dr. Dr. The Zone Diet claims to reduce the inflammation in your body. Proponents of the diet claim that once you reduce inflammation, you will lose fat at the fastest rate possible, slow down aging, reduce your risk of chronic disease and improve your performance. The Hand-Eye Method Protein
Mediterranean diet and life expectancy; beyond olive oil, fruits and vegetables 2020 International Society of Hypertension global hypertensi... : Journal of Hypertension Table of Contents 8.1 Lifestyle modification 989 8.2 Pharmacological treatment 989 8.3 Adherence to antihypertensive treatment 989 10.1 Resistant hypertension 994 10.2 Secondary hypertension 994 10.3 Hypertension in pregnancy 994 10.4 Hypertensive emergencies 996 10.5 Ethnicity, race and hypertension 997 Context and purpose of this guideline Statement of remit: To align with its mission to reduce the global burden of raised blood pressure (BP), the International Society of Hypertension (ISH) has developed worldwide practice guidelines for the management of hypertension in adults, aged 18 years and older. Herein optimal care refers to evidence-based standard-of-care articulated in recent guidelines [1,2] and summarized here, whereas essential standards recognize that optimal standards would not always be possible. In the Guidelines, differentiation between optimal and essential standards were not always possible, and were made in sections where it was most practical and sensible. Medical history
Polycystic ovary syndrome and aging: Health implications after menopause - Maturitas Lizneva D. Suturina L. Walker W. et al.Criteria, prevalence, and phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome.Fertil. Steril. 2016; 106: 6-15Yildiz B.O. UCSF Radiology | UCSF Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging The Zone diet: Meal plans, FAQs, and risks The Zone diet involves reducing intake of carbohydrates to ensure healthy insulin levels, and consuming plenty of omega-3 fatty acids and polyphenols. The goal of this diet is to reduce inflammation. Dr. Barry Sears, who developed the Zone diet, claims it is closely linked to ideas of human evolution, with the aim of preventing "diet-controlled inflammation." Just 8,000 years ago, grains, bread, and pasta were not part of the human diet. Therefore, even 100,000 years is a relatively short period in evolutionary terms. Fast facts on the Zone diet: Meal plans make use of lean meats and natural carbohydrates.Reducing inflammation is the primary goal.Critics of the diet point out that fewer carbohydrates can lead to a lower fiber intake.Maintaining insulin levels within what Dr. Share on Pinterest The Zone diet was designed to reduce so-called dietary inflammation. The Zone diet involves some basic rules: The meal or snack should start with a low-fat protein. Why is it called the Zone diet?
5 Studies on the Mediterranean Diet - Does It Really Work? Heart disease is a major problem around the world. However, research shows that the incidence of heart disease seems to be lower among people living in Italy, Greece, and other countries around the Mediterranean, compared with those living in the United States. Studies suggest that diet may play a role. People around the Mediterranean have traditionally followed a diet that’s rich in plant-based foods, including fruits, vegetables, whole grains, breads, legumes, potatoes, nuts, and seeds. The main dietary fat is extra virgin olive oil, and people also consume moderate amounts of red wine, fish, poultry, dairy, and eggs. This eating pattern has started to become popular around the world as a means to improve health and prevent disease. Several randomized controlled trials, which are reliable and effective methods of research, have looked at the possible benefits of this diet. This article looks at 5 long-term controlled trials on the Mediterranean diet. 1. 1.1 Estruch R, et al. Details. 2.
Effect of salt substitution on community-wide blood pressure and hypertension incidence | Nature Medicine The study protocol and methods have been described previously29, and a summary is provided below. The CONSORT statement for randomized cluster trials30 and recent literature on reporting results of stepped-wedge cluster trials31,32 were utilized. Study design A stepped-wedge, cluster, randomized controlled trial was conducted, in which the six participating villages (clusters) crossed over from the control to the intervention phase during the study33. Study setting Tumbes, a coastal region in northern Peru, bordering Ecuador, was the setting selected for the present study because hypertension prevalence and incidence rates are above the national average34,35. Participants and recruitment Potentially eligible subjects were identified from the most updated census in the area (2010, updated in 2014). Participant recruitment, as well as the initial assessment, was performed during the first 4 months of the study (April to July 2014). Randomization and blinding Intervention Statistical methods