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The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy has achieved what Wikipedia can only dream of — Quartz

The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy has achieved what Wikipedia can only dream of — Quartz
The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy may be the most interesting website on the internet. Not because of the content—which includes fascinating entries on everything from ambiguity to zombies—but because of the site itself. Its creators have solved one of the internet’s fundamental problems: How to provide authoritative, rigorously accurate knowledge, at no cost to readers. It’s something the encyclopedia, or SEP, has managed to do for two decades. The internet is an information landfill. Somewhere in it—buried under piles of opinion, speculation, and misinformation—is virtually all of human knowledge. The story of how the SEP is run, and how it came to be, shows that it is possible to create a less trashy internet—or at least a less trashy corner of it. The impossible trinity of information The online SEP has humble beginnings. That makes it positively ancient in internet years. The SEP is neither pre-internet, nor is it ossified. Where other encyclopedias fall short Landfill no more Related:  Filosofiapmw

If you believe in nihilism, do you believe in anything? Nihilism is a constant threat. As the 20th-century philosopher Hannah Arendt recognised, it is best understood not as a set of ‘dangerous thoughts’, but as a risk inherent in the very act of thinking. If we reflect on any specific idea long enough, no matter how strong it seems at first, or how widely accepted, we’ll start to doubt its truth. We might also begin to doubt whether those who accept the idea really know (or care) about whether or not the idea is true. This is one step away from thinking about why there is so little consensus about so many issues, and why everyone else seems to be so certain about what now appears to you so uncertain. A century before Arendt, Friedrich Nietzsche described in his notebooks (published posthumously by his sister in The Will to Power) a choice between ‘active ‘ and ‘passive’ nihilism. According to Nietzsche, we can then become active nihilists and reject the values given to us by others in order to erect values of our own.

12 of the World's Most Mysterious Monuments & Ruins 12 of the World’s Most Mysterious Monuments & Ruins Article by Steph, filed under Abandoned Places in the Architecture category. Around the world, in places as diverse as Homestead, Florida and Yonaguni, Japan stand monuments and ruins whose origins are shrouded in mystery. Nobody knows exactly why Stonehenge was built, how a set of manmade ruins came to be submerged deep in the ocean or who commissioned a giant carved granite set of post-apocalyptic instructions for rebuilding society on a remote hill in Georgia. Monumental Instructions for the Post-Apocalypse (images via: Wired) On a barren knoll in northeastern Georgia stands one of the world’s most bizarre and mysterious monuments. Lake Michigan Stonehenge (image via: io9) A group of researchers using sonar to look for shipwrecks at the bottom of Lake Michigan got quite a surprise when they found what appears to be an ancient Stonehenge-like structure 40 feet beneath the surface of the water. Underwater Ruins in Japan (images via: Hottnez)

10 Schools of Philosophy and Why You Should Know Them For your reading pleasure, here are ten schools of philosophy you should know about. Some of them are commonly misunderstood, and we correct that problem here. Nihilism The leading philosophy among angsty teens who misunderstand Nietzsche. The root of the word 'nihilism' is derived from the Latin nihil, meaning "nothing", and it is a more of a series of related positions and problems than a single school of thought. As opposed to popular understanding, Nietzsche was not a nihilist. Existentialism The leading philosophy among angsty undergraduates who understand Nietzsche. Existentialism is a school of thought originating in the work of Soren Kierkegaard and Nietzsche. The existentialists also included Jean-Paul Sartre, Simone de Beauvoir, and Martin Heidegger. Stoicism A philosophy popular in ancient Greece and Rome, and practiced today by many people in high-stress environments. Stoicism is a school that focuses on how to live in a world where things don’t go your way. Hedonism Marxism Taoism

Everything You Need to Know About “Click and Drag” If you’re a regular reader of the brilliant xkcd, then you probably got lost in today’s comic, “Click and Drag.” It features three short panels sitting above a seemingly larger, finite panel. However, when you perform the comic’s titular action, click and drag, the larger, bottom panels seems to sprawl on forever in various directions, revealing amusing quips, sad stories, and what is essentially an entire world. There are many impressive facets about “Click and Drag,” such as the panel measuring in at 1.3 terapixels, as well as small community of coders creating applets to help readers better navigate the behemoth. Head on past the break for some stellar info, and maybe set aside some time later today to explore the enormous comic. Comic Size We have some pretty interesting numbers regarding the xkcd comic. Different Ways to View the Image In this image, you can treat the comic like Google Street View, zooming in and out until the actual bits and pieces of the comic are indecipherable.

Anelli dell’Io, di Douglas Hofstadter. Una recensione di Stefano Comito Il titolo originale del libro è “I’m a strange loop” (2007) Douglas Hofstadter è un brillante neuroscienziato, filosofo e divulgatore scientifico che insegna psicologia e informatica all’Università dell’Indiana negli Stati Uniti. Anelli nell’Io è un’opera recente, infatti, è pubblicata nel 2008 a molti anni di distanza dal saggio che ha fatto conoscere Hofstadter al mondo intero, ossia, Gödel, Escher, Bach o GEB. Hofstadter ammette che Anelli nell’Io nasce anche sull’onda emotiva di GEB, poiché ha sempre avuto l’impressione che il messaggio centrale contenuto in Gödel, Escher, Bach non sia mai stato compreso in tutta la sua pienezza. Tuttavia, GEB non è l’unica opera che ha reso famoso Hofstadter; molto prolifica e intensa è stata la sua collaborazione con Daniel Dennett insieme con il quale, nel 1981, ha contribuito alla pubblicazione dell’opera L’io della mente che ottenne molto successo. Stefano Comito

Catherynne M. Valente – The Boy Who Lost Fairyland – SFF Book Reviews I drew it out as long as humanly possible, I really did. Any new Cat Valente novel is like Christmas to me, and the only reason I gave in and finished this book (at 4 in the morning, mind you) is the knowledge that two new Valente books will arrive in my mailbox sometime this year. Thanks, Cat, for being prolific and brilliant and full of magic. THE BOY WHO LOST FAIRYLANDby Catherynne M. Valente Published by: Feiwel & Friends, 2015Hardcover: 256 pagesSeries: Fairyland #4My rating: 8,5/10 First sentence: Once upon a time, a troll named Hawthorn lived very happily indeed in his mother’s house, where he juggled the same green and violet gemstones and matching queens’ crowns every day, slept on the same weather-beaten stone, and played with the same huge and cantankerous toad. What? Hawthorn is a troll. Fore more than half the novel, we don’t get to see September at all, but we do meet new characters. But this wouldn’t be a Fairyland book if we didn’t go to visit Fairyland. Other reviews:

Leibniz, penseur complexe de l’infini ANALYSE : On connaît tous un peu Leibniz, en la personne de Pangloss dans Candide de Voltaire. Tout est pour le mieux dans le meilleur des mondes. Le terme « monade » est aussi célèbre, mais au-delà, connaît-on vraiment Gottfried Wilhelm de son prénom ? Sylvain Portier dresse le portrait de ce philosophe de l’optimisme rationnel, ainsi que les fondements d’une pensée tournée vers l’infini. Docteur en Philosophie, spécialiste de Fichte, Sylvain Portier est professeur de lycée dans les Pays de la Loire. Il a notamment publié : Fichte et le dépassement de la «chose en soi» (éd. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz est né le 1er juillet 1646, juste avant la fin de la guerre de 30 ans. La Monadologie, résumé princier Ayant eu l’occasion de passer plusieurs années à Berlin, il devient l’ami de la Reine Sophie-Charlotte de Hanovre, pour lequel il a une grande admiration, qui s’avère réciproque. Son œuvre la plus célèbre est sans doute la Monadologie. Les monades, des atomes métaphysiques Et le mal alors ?

How self driving cars might change our cities, and when When I was a kid, I loved Arthur Radebaugh's wonderful series Closer than we think, with its predictions of what he thought was the relatively near future. It seems that we are living through an era of significant change that is closer than we think, particularly when it comes to issues like self-driving cars or autonomous vehicles (AVs). The role they will play in our cities is one of the most contentious issues in urban planning these days. Will they save cities, ruin them or just be a big bust? Peter Walker of the Guardian talks to Anand Babu of Sidewalk Labs, a google spinoff, who “believes cities could be fundamentally reshaped by the mass arrival of shared, driverless cars, something he forecasts to happen sooner than many people think.” Driverless cars, Babu says, could have a particular impact in expansive US cities, making often moribund outer suburbs easily accessible and more attractive, in turn relieving the pressure on people to live in the centre.

Imaginaire servante de la raison Remontant aux sources du Transhumanisme, nous avions rencontré le jeune philosophe et théologien italien, Jean Pic de la Mirandole (1463-1494), dont l’entreprise philosophique et théologique visait à concilier le Platonisme à l’Aristotélisme, le Thomisme au Scotisme, dans une unité transcendantale divine. Sa nouveauté résidait en outre dans un déplacement majeur et irréversible qui allait marquer à jamais la pensée occidentale dans ce qui deviendra « l’Humanisme » de la Renaissance. Avec ce jeune penseur, nous quittons résolument le théocentrisme médiéval en faveur d’un anthropocentrisme qui façonne aujourd’hui encore nos modes de penser. Fondé sur le libre arbitre de l’homme dont l’essence est d’être toute chose, un indéterminé ontologique, l’homme peut par sa seule volonté, ou décision personnelle, s’autodéterminer par l’orientation et le choix de sa propre destinée. Désormais tout est en place pour la colonisation du vivant par la technologie et la science empirique. P.

twitter La zététique, l’art du doute Henri Broch, docteur-ès-science, physicien et professeur émérite à l'université Nice-Sophia Antipolis, est le fondateur de l'enseignement de zététique. Ce jeudi soir, il donne une conférence à la faculté des sciences d'Avignon, pour parler de cette discipline peu connue, au programme de quelques universités françaises (dont Montpellier) et européennes. D'où vient la zététique ? Ce nom vient du grec “zetetikós” (qui cherche). Je me suis lancé là-dedans car, au début des années 80, mes étudiants croyaient que l'on pouvait tordre des petites cuillères par la seule force de la pensée ! "Mitterrand faisait même tourner les tables !" Par exemple ? Je donne souvent l'exemple du Saint Suaire de Turin, je démontre en direct la fabrication très simple d'un tel suaire… On sait que celui de Turin date du Moyen Âge. Lors de mes conférences, comme celle que je donne à Avignon, je projette de petits films sur des expériences que je mène. Y a-t-il encore beaucoup de choses inexpliquées dans le monde ?

Puritains et transcendantalistes Robert Weir (1803-1890), Embarquement des premiers Pèlerins (1844) Le tableau représente le départ du Speedwell duport de Delft (Pays-Bas) le 22 juillet 1620. William Brewster y tient la Bible, et le pasteur John Robinson guide les prièresdu gouverneur Carver, de William Bradford, Miles Standish et de leurs familles. Washington, Capitole. Photo © Public Domain Le mouvement transcendantaliste n’est guère connu en France même si on peut constater un regain d’intérêt pour certains de ses membres, au premier rang desquels, l’écrivain Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-1864), resté célèbre pour son roman : La lettre écarlate. La Nouvelle-Angleterre, le triple berceau de l’Amérique En arrivant à Boston, on peut lire sur les plaques d’immatriculation des voitures : Massachusetts the spirit of America. Évidemment, tout commence avec l’arrivée du Mayflower au Cap Cod en 1620. On en était encore loin. L’intolérance puritaine marque en réalité, non le triomphe du mouvement, mais son déclin assez rapide. Don

Max Scheler: le vide métaphysique du personnalisme Et nous pouvons faire suivre la liste avec le Danois Kierkegaard et la personne concrète au singulier, par opposition à l’humanité qui n’a ni mains ni pieds. Nous en trouvons aussi quelque traces chez don Miguel de Unamuno. Dreuz a besoin de votre soutien financier. Mais le véritable fondateur du personnalisme est le Français Emmanuel Mounier (1905-1950) qui, avec ses idées de l’incarnation, de la communion, de la dialectique de l’amour, de la vie et de l’aventure, en partant de soi-même, en prenant sur soi-même, a déployé l’idée de la personne. La lecture de ces auteurs et de beaucoup d’autres nous a cependant toujours laissé l’impression d’un vide métaphysique qui ne pouvait pas être comblé. Le caractère personnel est présenté comme dépourvu de sens structurel métaphysique. Il est compréhensible que le monde chrétien voit cela avec de bons yeux et valorise ce type de philosophie. La personne est le centre métaphysique de nos expériences et de nos actes.

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