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Rosa Luxemburg

Rosa Luxemburg
Rosa Luxemburg (also Rozalia Luxenburg; Polish: Róża Luksemburg; 5 March 1871[1] – 15 January 1919) was a Marxist theorist, philosopher, economist and revolutionary socialist of Polish Jewish descent who became a naturalized German citizen. She was successively a member of the Social Democracy of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania (SDKPiL), the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD), the Independent Social Democratic Party (USPD), and the Communist Party of Germany (KPD). In 1915, after the SPD supported German involvement in World War I, she and Karl Liebknecht co-founded the anti-war Spartakusbund ("Spartacus League") which eventually became the Communist Party of Germany (KPD). During the German Revolution she founded the Die Rote Fahne ("The Red Flag"), the central organ of the Spartacist movement. She considered the 1919 Spartacist uprising a blunder,[2] but supported it after Liebknecht ordered it without her knowledge. Life[edit] Poland[edit] Germany[edit] Before World War I[edit] Related:  thinker

Alexandra Kollontai Alexandra Mikhailovna Kollontai (Ukrainian: Олександра Михайлівна Коллонтай, Russian: Алекса́ндра Миха́йловна Коллонта́й — née Domontovich, Домонто́вич) (March 31 [O.S. March 19] 1872 – March 9, 1952) was a Russian Communist revolutionary, first as a member of the Mensheviks, then from 1914 on as a Bolshevik. In 1923, Kollontai was appointed Soviet Ambassador to Norway. Kollontai, probably before 1900 Biography[edit] Early life[edit] Alexandra Mikhailovna Domontovich was born on March 31 [O.S. Alexandra Mikhailovna – or "Shura" as she was called growing up – was close to her father, with whom she shared an analytical bent and an interest in history and politics. "My mother and the English nanny who reared me were demanding. Alexandra was a good student growing up, sharing her father's interest in history, and mastering a range of languages. "You work! Revolutionary activities[edit] With the onset of World War I Kollontai left Germany due to the German social democrats’ support of the war.

Old Essen Synagogue: RUHR.2010 Old Essen Synagogue / Design: wbp Landschaftsarchitekten Ingenieure, Bochum The former Essen synagogue, completed in 1913 by master builder Edmund Körner on behalf of the Jewish community, is the only free-standing major synagogue structure to have survived - at least externally - the Second World War. Today, it constitutes a unique cultural and architectural monument. The future House of Jewish Culture is, however, presented not as a museum and historical site but rather as a meeting place where people can come into contact with Jewish culture and the Jewish way of life. Jews are frequently reduced to the role of victims of the Nazi period and Jewish culture is often seen solely in the light of a religious community. The Old Synagogue will, however, provide new access. With the aid of the architecture and exhibition areas, the historic building will shed light on questions relating to Jewish identities and lifestyles.

Petrarch Santa Maria della Pieve in Arezzo Original lyrics by Petrarch, found in 1985 in Erfurt Biography[edit] Youth and early career[edit] Petrarch was born in the Tuscan city of Arezzo in 1304. He was the son of Ser Petracco and his wife Eletta Canigiani. Petrarch spent his early childhood in the village of Incisa, near Florence. He traveled widely in Europe and served as an ambassador and has been called "the first tourist"[6] because he traveled just for pleasure,[7] which was the basic reason he climbed Mont Ventoux.[8] During his travels, he collected crumbling Latin manuscripts and was a prime mover in the recovery of knowledge from writers of Rome and Greece. Mount Ventoux[edit] Scholars[14] note that Petrarch's letter[15][16] to Dionigi displays a strikingly "modern" attitude of aesthetic gratification in the grandeur of the scenery and is still often cited in books and journals devoted to the sport of mountaineering. Later years[edit] Giovanni died of the plague in 1361. Works[edit]

William Morris - The Socialist Ideal: Art Some people will perhaps not be prepared to hear that Socialism has any ideal of art, for in the first place it is so obviously founded on the necessity for dealing with the bare economy of life that many, and even some Socialists, can see nothing save that economic basis; and moreover, many who might be disposed to admit the necessity of economic change in the direction of Socialism believe quite sincerely that art is fostered by the inequalities of condition which it is the first business of Socialism to do away with, and indeed that it cannot exist without them. Nevertheless, in the teeth of these opinions I assert first that Socialism is an all-embracing theory of life, and that as it has an ethic and a religion of its own, so also it has an aesthetic: so that to every one who wishes to study Socialism duly it is necessary to look on it from the aesthetic point of view. This, then, is the position of art in this epoch. As an artist I know this, because I can see it.

Maria Lacerda de Moura Maria Lacerda de Moura Maria Lacerda de Moura (16 May 1887, Manhuaçu, Minas Gerais, Brazil – 20 March 1945, Rio de Janeiro) was a Brazilian anarcha-feminist, individualist anarchist, teacher, journalist, and writer.[1] Life[edit] She was born on the Monte Alverne farm in Manhuaçu in Minas Gerais state, Brazil on 16 May 1887. "She was the daughter of Modesto de Araújo Lacerda and Amélia de Araújo Lacerda, freethinkers and educated folk from whom she certainly inherited her strong anticlerical outlook".[2] "Five years after she was born they moved to Barbacena, the town where she started her schooling and by the age of 16 she was training as a primary teacher, the profession to which she was deeply committed[3]". As a teacher and a pedagogue in Barbacena she founded the League Against Illiteracy and worked with other women to help provide housing for the homeless. She later moved to São Paulo and became involved in journalism for the anarchist and labor press. Selected works[edit]

Segeroth and the Red Light District of Essen The red light district of Essen, the Stahlstrasse, dates from about 1900, at which time it was called Heilig-Geist-Strasse and lay in the ‘traditional’ working-class district of Segeroth. This was a former meadow area for cattle which from the 1840s onwards was converted within a few decades into an ‘inner-city’ area with the establishment of the new coal-mining industry and steel industry. Today, the greater part of Segeroth has been taken over by the University. The new times were ushered in with the establishment around 1840 of 'Mathias‘, one of the first Mergel mines in the Ruhr area. The new industries, especially Krupp, ended up enticing workers from far afield. Between 1860 and 1873 the population tripled to over 56,000 . Segeroth was the area with the highest-density and the lowest average living quality in Essen. Politically Segeroth was for decades a stronghold of the socialist movement. After their take over, the Nazis began there ‘cleansing’ of the Segeroth quarter.

Dr. Susan Blackmore News from Nowhere The book explores a number of aspects of this society, including its organisation and the relationships which it engenders between people. Morris cleverly fuses Marxism and the romance tradition when he presents himself as an enchanted figure in a time and place different from Victorian England. As Morris, the romance character, quests for love and fellowship—and through them for a reborn self—he encounters romance archetypes in Marxist guises. Old Hammond is both the communist educator who teaches Morris the new world and the wise old man of romance. Dick and Clara are good comrades and the married lovers who aid Morris in his wanderings. In the novel, Morris tackles one of the most common criticisms of socialism; the supposed lack of incentive to work in a communistic society. Looking Backward[edit] Morris reviewed the novel Looking Backward in the Commonweal on 21 June 1889. More specifically, Morris criticised the limited nature Bellamy's idea of life. Gender in Nowhere[edit]

Lucía Sánchez Saornil Lucía Sánchez Saornil (December 13, 1895 – June 2, 1970), was a Spanish poet, militant anarchist and feminist. She is best known as one of the founders of Mujeres Libres and served in the Confederación Nacional del Trabajo (CNT) and Solidaridad Internacional Antifascista (SIA). Early life[edit] Raised by her impoverished, widowed father, Lucía attended the Royal Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando. At a young age she began writing poetry and associated herself with the emerging Ultraist literary movement. By 1919, she had been published in a variety of journals, including Los Quijotes, Tableros, Plural, Manantial and La Gaceta Literaria. Political activism[edit] In 1931, Lucía Sánchez Saornil, who had been working as a telephone operator since 1916, participated in a strike by the anarcho-syndicalist labor union, Confederación Nacional del Trabajo (CNT), against Telefónica. Mujeres Libres[edit] Exile and hiding[edit] Lucía's tombstone epitaph reads, "But is it true that hope has died?"

Archives d partementales du Bas-Rhin The Archives départementales du Bas-Rhin’s website is in french only. However, this section provides information on our online and on site facilities to help you make the most of your research. Digitised parish and civil registers on line. A free access to three millions of images ! The Departement du Bas-Rhin vital records are now available on line. parish registers from the XVIth century to 1792 ; 10-year index and civil registers of birth, marriage and death from 1793 to 1912 ; family names’ choice registers by Jews (1808). Access to online records Digitised vital records remain available in reading room. Records The Archives departementales du Bas-Rhin is home to millions of documents, files and images (both public and private) that cover 1,200 years of history. Visit us Where to find us ? Postal Address : 6, rue Philippe Dollinger - 67100 Strasbourg Phone : (033) +3 69 06 73 06 Fax : (033) +3 69 33 21 39 Mail : archives@cg67.fr Website : Opening times

Juana Inés de la Cruz Sister (Spanish: Sor) Juana Inés de la Cruz, O.S.H. (English: Joan Agnes of the Cross) (12 November 1651 – 17 April 1695), was a self-taught scholar and poet of the Baroque school, and Hieronymite nun of New Spain. Although she lived in a colonial era when Mexico was part of the Spanish Empire, she is considered today both a Mexican writer and a contributor to the Spanish Golden Age, and she stands at the beginning of the history of Mexican literature in the Spanish language. Early life[edit] A portrait of Juana during her youth in 1666, which states she was 15 at the time, when she first entered the viceregal court She was born Juana Inés de Asbaje y Ramírez de Santillana in San Miguel Nepantla (now called Nepantla de Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz in her honor) near Mexico City. Juana was a devoutly religious child who often hid in the hacienda chapel to read her grandfather's books from the adjoining library, something forbidden to girls. Death[edit] Posthumous[edit] Works[edit] Legacy[edit]

How I Became a Socialist, by William Morris - Classic British Essays Poet, artist, designer, and social critic, William Morris was revolted by Victorian culture and the effects of the industrial revolution in England. In his utopian novel News From Nowhere (1890), Morris imagines an agrarian society in which private property has been abolished, social equality has been established, and all people derive satisfaction from their work. In 1894, the year in which he founded the Socialist League, Morris published the essay "How I Became a Socialist" in Justice magazine. Despite the informal, conversational style of his prose, Morris expresses his credo with passion and conviction. How I Became a Socialist by William Morris I am asked by the Editor to give some sort of a history of the above conversion, and I feel that it may be of some use to do so, if my readers will look upon me as a type of a certain group of people, but not so easy to do clearly, briefly and truly. Concluded on page two

Camille Paglia Overview[edit] Paglia has said that she is willing to have her entire career judged on the basis of her composition of what she considers to be "probably the most important sentence that she has ever written": "God is man's greatest idea."[11] Paglia's Sexual Personae was rejected by no fewer than seven different publishers (not unusual, in and of itself), but when finally published by Yale University Press, became a best seller, reaching seventh place on the paperback best-seller list, a rare accomplishment for a scholarly book.[5] 'Paglia called it her "prison book", commenting, "I felt like Cervantes, Genet. It took all the resources of being Catholic to cut myself off and sit in my cell Personal life[edit] For over a decade, Paglia was the partner of artist Alison Maddex.[21][22] Paglia legally adopted Maddex's son (who was born in 2002).[13] In 2007, the couple separated.[23] Education[edit] Career[edit]

The Communities of Alsace A-Z: Resources [General Information: English/Français/Deutsch] [Home] [Contact Us] Index: [A-E] [F-L] [M-R] [S-Z] [Administrative Breakdown] By Brian J. Smith - July, 2004 (last updated December, 2012) This page contains one person's advice about the best resources for researching our ancestors from Alsace. Many records from Alsace are available, and for most communities they date back to the 1600's. The biggest problem with these these fine detailed records is that almost all of them are organized by community. (Some people suspect that their ancestors came from Alsace, but are not sure. If you know that your ancestor originated in Alsace, here are several techniques for trying to learn the name of the community of your ancestor's origin:. Living Relatives -- Ask your living relatives. Microfilm Records of the Family History Library (FHL) Copies of many records from Alsace, and from the rest of the world as well, are available from microfilm through the Family History Library (FHL). Canton Records

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