Programmation Bash/Interactions avec l'utilisateur Un livre de Wikilivres. Lire la saisie d'un utilisateur[modifier | modifier le wikicode] Les commandes suivantes permettent de gérer l'interaction avec l'utilisateur : la commande echo affiche des données soit sur la sortie standard, soit sur la sortie d'erreur,la commande read lit les valeurs entrées au clavier et les stocke dans une variable. read var permet de lire une valeur entrée au clavier par l'utilisateur et de stocker cette valeur dans la variable var. Exemple : $ read a toto $ echo $a toto Dans cet exemple, read lit une valeur que l'utilisateur saisit au clavier en l'occurence : toto. Si aucun nom de variable n'est fourni lors de l'appel de read, la valeur entrée par l'utilisateur est stockée dans la variable REPLY. Exemple $ read sidonie $ echo $REPLY sidonie Interaction et case[modifier | modifier le wikicode] Souvent, dans les scripts, on trouve la structure suivante : read case $REPLY in valeur1) instruction(s);; valeur2) instruction(s);; valeur3) instruction(s);; ... esac
GNU Bash Reference Manual - Table of Contents This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the Bash shell (version 3.2, 28 September 2006). This is Edition 3.2, last updated 28 September 2006, of The GNU Bash Reference Manual, for Bash, Version 3.2. Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some features that only appear in Bash. Some of the shells that Bash has borrowed concepts from are the Bourne Shell (‘sh’), the Korn Shell (‘ksh’), and the C-shell (‘csh’ and its successor, ‘tcsh’). The following menu breaks the features up into categories based upon which one of these other shells inspired the feature. This manual is meant as a brief introduction to features found in Bash. This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the Bash shell (version 3.2, 28 September 2006).
Variables 3.2.1. Types of variables As seen in the examples above, shell variables are in uppercase characters by convention. Bash keeps a list of two types of variables: 3.2.1.1. Global variables or environment variables are available in all shells. Below is a typical output: 3.2.1.2. Local variables are only available in the current shell. Below is a diff file made by comparing printenv and set output, after leaving out the functions which are also displayed by the set command: 3.2.1.3. Apart from dividing variables in local and global variables, we can also divide them in categories according to the sort of content the variable contains. String variablesInteger variablesConstant variablesArray variables We'll discuss these types in Chapter 10. 3.2.2. Variables are case sensitive and capitalized by default. To set a variable in the shell, use VARNAME="value" Putting spaces around the equal sign will cause errors. Some examples using upper and lower cases, numbers and spaces: 3.2.3. 3.2.4. 3.2.4.1.
Reference Table of Contents This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the Bash shell (version 5.0, 12 May 2019). The Bash home page is This is Edition 5.0, last updated 12 May 2019, of The GNU Bash Reference Manual, for Bash, Version 5.0. Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some features that only appear in Bash. Some of the shells that Bash has borrowed concepts from are the Bourne Shell (sh), the Korn Shell (ksh), and the C-shell (csh and its successor, tcsh). This manual is meant as a brief introduction to features found in Bash. 1 Introduction 1.1 What is Bash? Bash is the shell, or command language interpreter, for the GNU operating system. Bash is largely compatible with sh and incorporates useful features from the Korn shell ksh and the C shell csh. While the GNU operating system provides other shells, including a version of csh, Bash is the default shell. 1.2 What is a shell? 2 Definitions blank builtin job a
Learning the shell - Lesson 6: I/O Redirection In this lesson, we will explore a powerful feature used by many command line programs called input/output redirection. As we have seen, many commands such as ls print their output on the display. This does not have to be the case, however. By using some special notation we can redirect the output of many commands to files, devices, and even to the input of other commands. Standard Output Most command line programs that display their results do so by sending their results to a facility called standard output. [me@linuxbox me]$ ls > file_list.txt In this example, the ls command is executed and the results are written in a file named file_list.txt. Each time the command above is repeated, file_list.txt is overwritten (from the beginning) with the output of the command ls. [me@linuxbox me]$ ls >> file_list.txt When the results are appended, the new results are added to the end of the file, thus making the file longer each time the command is repeated. Standard Input Pipes Filters
tutoriel:script_shell Un script shell permet d'automatiser une série d'opérations. Il se présente sous la forme d'un fichier contenant une ou plusieurs commandes qui seront exécutées de manière séquentielle. #!/bin/bash# This script will take an animated GIF and delete every other frame# Accepts two parameters: input file and output file# Usage: ./<scriptfilename> input.gif output.gif # Make a copy of the filecp "$1" "$2" # Get the number of framesnumframes=$(gifsicle --info "$1" \ | grep --perl-regexp --only-matching '\d+ images' \ | grep --perl-regexp --only-matching '\d+') # Deletionlet i=0while test $i -lt $numframesdo rem=$(( $i % 2 )) if test $rem -eq 0 then gifsicle "$2" --delete "#"$(($i/2)) -o "$2" fi let i=i+1 done Méthode graphique Votre script est un simple fichier texte, par défaut il s'ouvre donc avec l'éditeur de texte défini par défaut (ex : Gedit dans une session Unity ou Gnome). Par ailleurs Nautilus ne propose pas de lancer le script par simple clic avec les réglages de bases. Problème connu
Bash Tips And Tricks From My Own Experience - Several Instalments Instalment 2:- How I use POSIX utilities to process text One of the problems I have very often is that I would like to extract usable links from a very large web page the source code of which looks messy (when I look at it using "View Source").Have you ever looked at a cool web page with nice visual effects and the first thing that comes to your mind is "How did he do that? I would also like to have those effects on my own site."Or otherwise the page has lots of links to pretty pictures and you just want the links without the other "fat".And you go to view the source and it looks like this: Now you want to make some sense out of that never ending HTML string.You probably already have your favorite tool handy to do that easily, and that's fine, but my objective here is to showcase the use of POSIX utilities, that's why I will show you what might look like the hard way of doing it. For simplicity, I will assume that the above HTML code is stored in file messyHTML.html. OK, so what did I do?
12.04 LTS (Precise Pangolin) Ubuntu is distributed on five types of images described below. Desktop CD The desktop cd allows you to try Ubuntu without changing your computer at all, and at your option to install it permanently later. This type of cd is what most people will want to use. You will need at least 384MiB of RAM to install from this cd. There are two images available, each for a different type of computer: PC (Intel x86) desktop CD For almost all PCs. 64-bit PC (AMD64) desktop CD Choose this to take full advantage of computers based on the AMD64 or EM64T architecture (e.g., Athlon64, Opteron, EM64T Xeon, Core 2). Server install CD The server install cd allows you to install Ubuntu permanently on a computer for use as a server. PC (Intel x86) server install CD 64-bit PC (AMD64) server install CD Alternate install CD The alternate install cd allows you to perform certain specialist installations of Ubuntu. PC (Intel x86) alternate install CD 64-bit PC (AMD64) alternate install CD Wubi filesystem archive
Introduction Next Previous Contents BASH Programming - Introduction HOW-TO by Mike G mikkey at dynamo.com.ar Thu Jul 27 09:36:18 ART 2000 This article intends to help you to start programming basic-intermediate shell scripts. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 13.1 Ways Calling BASH 14.
Linux: What are some time-saving tips that every Unix user should know? - Quora - StumbleUpon - Nightly (Build 20110507043313) Cannot enter phpmyadmin as root (MySQL 5.7) Chapter 4. Guest Additions Chapter 4. Guest Additions The previous chapter covered getting started with VirtualBox and installing operating systems in a virtual machine. As mentioned in Section 1.2, “Some terminology”, the Guest Additions are designed to be installed inside a virtual machine after the guest operating system has been installed. The VirtualBox Guest Additions for all supported guest operating systems are provided as a single CD-ROM image file which is called VBoxGuestAdditions.iso. The Guest Additions offer the following features: Mouse pointer integration To overcome the limitations for mouse support that were described in Section 1.8.2, “Capturing and releasing keyboard and mouse”, this provides you with seamless mouse support. Shared folders These provide an easy way to exchange files between the host and the guest. Better video support In addition, with Windows, Linux and Solaris guests, you can resize the virtual machine's window if the Guest Additions are installed. Seamless windows 4.2. 4.2.1.