History of Wales. Prehistoric Wales[edit] The earliest known human remain discovered in modern-day Wales is a Neanderthal jawbone, found at the Bontnewydd Palaeolithic site in the valley of the River Elwy in North Wales, whose owner lived about 230,000 years ago in the Lower Palaeolithic period.[6][7] The Red Lady of Paviland, a human skeleton dyed in red ochre, was discovered in 1823 in one of the Paviland limestone caves of the Gower Peninsula in Swansea, South Wales. Despite the name, the skeleton is that of a young man who lived about 33,000 years ago at the end of the Upper Paleolithic Period (old stone age).[2] He is considered to be the oldest known ceremonial burial in Western Europe. The skeleton was found along with jewellery made from ivory and seashells and a mammoth's skull. Bryn Celli Ddu, a late Neolithic chambered tomb on Anglesey Following the last ice age, Wales became roughly the shape it is today by about 8000 BC and was inhabited by Mesolithic hunter-gatherers.
Roman conquest of Wales. History - Historic Figures: Aneurin Bevan (1897 - 1960) Sir Henry Morgan. What must first be made clear is that Henry Morgan was not a pirate. A rogue maybe, but not a pirate. He was a privateer. This meant he held a paper issued by a representative of the English government, the governor of Jamaica, empowering him to fight the Spaniards on England's behalf. His pay was in effect what he managed to steal from Spain. Today this might seem a dastardly way for any government to conduct itself, but in the world of the 17th century these were accepted means of conducting naval war among European powers. Hence Henry Morgan was not an outlaw pirate but a sea-raider authorised by an English Letter of Marque. Much about the legendary Sir Henry Morgan has become blurred by myth. Most, if not all of Henry Morgan's youth is unknown. Then in 1663, once again a captain of a privateer ship, Morgan joined Mings on his daring attack on San Francisco de Campeche. Then in October 1668 Morgan set sail yet again.
The battle between Henry Morgan and Don Alonso at Maracaibo. Wales History: Prince Madoc and the Discovery of America. The Welsh settlement of Patagonia, Argentina. Each year in late July and early August, flights arrive at London airports carrying folk from South America. Many of these visitors experience difficulty in understanding the English spoken to them at passport control, however once they have travelled along the M4 motorway and crossed the border into Wales, destined for wherever the National Eisteddfod is being held that particular year, they find that they can communicate fluently with the locals. The visitors in question have travelled 8,000 miles from the Welsh speaking outpost of Patagonia, on the southern tip of Argentina.
The fascinating history of how these visitors from an essentially Spanish speaking country, also come to speak the ‘language of heaven’ dates back to the first half of the 19th century. In the early 1800’s, industry within the Welsh heart lands developed and rural communities began to disappear. Welsh immigrants had attempted to set up Welsh speaking colonies in order to retain their cultural identity in America.
Owain Glyndwr. History - Ancient History in depth: An Overview of Roman Britain. History of Ireland. Prehistoric Ireland spans a period between the first known settlement around 8000 B.C.E. until the emergence of "protohistoric" Gaelic Ireland at the time of Christianization in the 5th century; Celtic Christianity had subsumed or replaced the earlier polytheism by the end of the 6th century. The Norman invasion of the late 12th century marked the beginning of more than 700 years of direct English and, later, British involvement in Ireland. In 1177, Prince John Lackland was made Lord of Ireland by his father Henry II of England at the Council of Oxford.[1] The Crown did not attempt to assert full control of the island until after Henry VIII's repudiation of papal authority over the Church in England and subsequent rebellion of the Earl of Kildare in Ireland threatened English hegemony there.
Henry proclaimed himself King of Ireland and also tried to introduce the English Reformation, which failed in Ireland. Prehistory (8000 BC–400 AD)[edit] The Iron Age in Ireland began about 600 BC. History of Northern Ireland. Northern Ireland is today one of the four countries of the United Kingdom,[1][2] (although it is also described by official sources as a province[3] or a region[4]) situated in the northeast of the island of Ireland, having been created as a separate legal entity on 3 May 1921, under the Government of Ireland Act 1920.[5] The new autonomous Northern Ireland was formed from six of the nine counties of Ulster: four counties with unionist majorities, and Fermanagh and Tyrone, two[6] of the five Ulster counties which had nationalist majorities.
In large part unionists, at least in the northeast, supported its creation while nationalists were opposed. Subsequently, on 6 December 1922, the whole island of Ireland became an independent dominion known as the Irish Free State but Northern Ireland immediately exercised its right to opt out of the new dominion. Resistance to Home Rule[edit] By the early 20th Century, Belfast (the largest city in Ulster) had become the largest city in Ireland. History of the British Isles. The history of the British Isles has witnessed intermittent periods of competition and cooperation between the people that occupy the various parts of Great Britain, Ireland, and the smaller adjacent islands, which together make up the British Isles.
Today, the British Isles contain two sovereign states: the Republic of Ireland and the United Kingdom. There are also three Crown dependencies: Guernsey, Jersey and the Isle of Man. The United Kingdom comprises England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales, each country having its own history, with all but Northern Ireland having been independent states at one point. The history of the formation of the United Kingdom is very complex. The British monarch was head of state of all of the countries of the British Isles from the Union of the Crowns in 1603 until the enactment of the Republic of Ireland Act in 1949, although the term "British Isles" was not used in 1603. Prehistoric[edit] Palaeolithic and Mesolithic periods[edit] Palaeolithic[edit] The British Empire. Broadside. Battle of Trafalgar. The Battle of Trafalgar was fought on the 21st of October 1805 off Cape Trafalgar on the Spanish coast, between the combined fleets of Spain and France and the Royal Navy.
It was the last great sea action of the period and its significance to the outcome of the war in Europe is still debated by historians. The Chase The battle itself was the culmination of a long campaign. After the Treaty of Amiens Europe was at peace for 14 months. Many ships in the Royal Navy were paid off and the British returned to their peace time activities. After an aborted attempt Admiral Villeneuve eventually managed to evade Nelson, blockading him in Toulon, and sailed for the West Indies on March 30th. Nelson discovered that Villeneuve had sailed out of the Med and resumed the chase on the 10th May across the Atlantic to the West Indies. More images from Mike Haywood Villeneuve, unable to reach Ferrol, sailed for Cadiz, but bad weather forced him to to run into Vigo. The Battle The Nelson Touch October 21st. History of Scotland. Scotland was first decisively settled after the end of the last glacial period (in the paleolithic), roughly 10,000 years ago.
Prehistoric Scotland entered the Neolithic Era about 4000 BC, the Bronze Age about 2000 BC, and the Iron Age around 700 BC. The recorded history of Scotland begins with the arrival of the Roman Empire in the 1st century, the Roman province of Britannia reached as far north as the Antonine Wall, which once ran from the Clyde to the Forth. To the north lay the territory of Caledonia, whose people were described as "Picti" in Latin, meaning ‘painted ones’. Due to constant incursions from these Picti the Roman legions would be forced back to Hadrian's Wall within 20 years of its construction, and forced to abandon the territory by the beginning of the 3rd century. The Kingdom of Scotland was united under the descendants of Kenneth MacAlpin, first king of a united Scotland. Prehistory[edit] Neolithic farming brought permanent settlements.
Roman invasion[edit] Bonnie Prince Charlie and the Jacobites, Scotland - UK History. The Anglo-Saxon Invasion. HISTORY OF THE FALKLAND ISLANDS. British Overseas Territories. The name "British Overseas Territory" was introduced by the British Overseas Territories Act 2002, replacing the name British Dependent Territory introduced by the British Nationality Act 1981. Prior to 1 January 1983, the territories were officially referred to as Crown colonies. With the exceptions of the British Antarctic Territory and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (which host only officials and research station staff) and the British Indian Ocean Territory (used as a military base), the Territories retain permanent civilian populations.
Permanent residency for the 7,000 or so civilians living in the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia is limited to citizens of the Republic of Cyprus. Collectively, the Territories encompass a population of approximately 350,000 people and a land area of approximately 667,018 square miles (1,727,570 km2). The current minister responsible for the Territories is Mark Simmonds MP, of the Foreign Office. History[edit] St. British History Online. Old Bailey Online - The Proceedings of the Old Bailey, 1674-1913 - Central Criminal Court. HISTORY OF IMMIGRATION TO GREAT BRITAIN UK UNITED KINGDOM HISTORY.