Open Source Definitions
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Open source - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
In production and development, open source is a philosophy, [ 1 ] [ not in citation given ] [ 2 ] [ not in citation given ] or pragmatic methodology [ 2 ] [ not in citation given ] that promotes free redistribution and access to an end product's design and implementation details. [ 3 ] Before the phrase open source became widely adopted, developers and producers used a variety of phrases to describe the concept; open source gained hold with the rise of the Internet , and the attendant need for massive retooling of the computing source code . [ citation needed ] Opening the source code enabled a self-enhancing diversity of production models, communication paths, and interactive communities. [ 4 ] The open-source software movement was born to describe the environment that the new copyright , licensing , domain , and consumer issues created. [ citation needed ]
Open-source software ( OSS ) is computer software that is available in source code form: the source code and certain other rights normally reserved for copyright holders are provided under an open-source license that permits users to study, change, improve and at times also to distribute the software. Open source software is very often developed in a public, collaborative manner. Open-source software is the most prominent example of open-source development and often compared to (technically defined) user-generated content or (legally defined) open content movements. [ 1 ] A report by the Standish Group states that adoption of open-source software models has resulted in savings of about $60 billion per year to consumers. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ edit ] History
Open-source software - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Open source governance - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Open-source governance is a political philosophy which advocates the application of the philosophies of the open source and open content movements to democratic principles in order to enable any interested citizen to add to the creation of policy, as with a wiki document. Legislation is democratically opened to the general citizenry, employing their collective wisdom to benefit to the decision-making process and improve democracy. [ 1 ] Theories on how to constrain, limit or enable this participation vary however as much as any other political philosophy or ideology. Accordingly there is no one dominant theory of how to go about authoring legislation with this approach. There are a wide array of projects and movements which are working on building open-source governance systems. [ 2 ]Open source political campaign - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedi
Open-source political campaigns, open-source politics, or Politics 2.0 , is the idea that social networking and e-participation technologies will revolutionize our ability to follow, support, and influence political campaigns. Netroots evangelists and web consultants predict a wave of popular democracy as fundraisers meet on MySpace , YouTubers crank out attack ads, bloggers do opposition research , and cell-phone-activated flash mobs hold miniconventions in Second Life . Typically these terms describe short-term limited-life efforts to achieve a specific goal. Longer term projects involving embedded institutions (of journalism, parties, government itself) are more often called " open-source governance " projects.
Collaborative intelligence is a term used in several disciplines, and has several different meanings. In a business setting, it can describe the result of accessing a network of people. It is also used to denote non-anonymous heterogeneity in multi-agent problem-solving systems .
Collaborative intelligence - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Open Access ( OA ) is the practice of providing unrestricted access via the Internet to peer-reviewed scholarly journal articles. OA is also increasingly being provided to theses, scholarly monographs and book chapters. [ 1 ] Open Access comes in two degrees : Gratis OA is no-cost online access, while Libre OA is Gratis OA plus some additional usage rights. [ 2 ]
Open access (publishing) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Internet Archive: Free Download: Libre Culture: Meditations on F
Libre Culture is the essential expression of the free culture/copyleft movement. This anthology, brought together here for the first time, represents the early groundwork of Libre Society thought. Referring to the development of creativity and ideas, capital works to hoard and privatize the knowledge and meaning of what is created. Expression becomes monopolized, secured within an artificial market-scarcity enclave and finally presented as a novelty on the culture industry in order to benefit cloistered profit motives. In the way that physical resources such as forests or public services are free, Libre Culture argues for the freeing up of human ideas and expression from copyright bulwarks in all forms.
The Google-O'Reilly Open Source Awards have been presented to individuals for dedication, innovation, leadership and outstanding contribution to open source.
O'Reilly Open Source Awards - Hall of Fame - Google Code