Freedom documents (comparisons) Human Rights. Violations of Human Rights. Guideline 1. Guideline 2. Guideline 3. Guideline 4. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world, Whereas disregard and contempt for human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have outraged the conscience of mankind, and the advent of a world in which human beings shall enjoy freedom of speech and belief and freedom from fear and want has been proclaimed as the highest aspiration of the common people, Whereas it is essential, if man is not to be compelled to have recourse, as a last resort, to rebellion against tyranny and oppression, that human rights should be protected by the rule of law, Whereas it is essential to promote the development of friendly relations between nations, Whereas Member States have pledged themselves to achieve, in co-operation with the United Nations, the promotion of universal respect for and observance of human rights and fundamental freedoms, Article 1.
Article 2. Article 3. Bill of Rights and the Amendments to The Constitution < 1786-1800. Justice & The Generals . Education . Universal Declaration of Human Rights . | PBS. Education > Lesson Plans > Lesson Plan #3 Universal Declaration of Human Rights Adopted and proclaimed by General Assembly resolution 217 A (III) of 10 December 1948 On December 10, 1948 the General Assembly of the United Nations adopted and proclaimed the Universal Declaration of Human Rights the full text of which appears in the following pages. Following this historic act the Assembly called upon all Member countries to publicize the text of the Declaration and "to cause it to be disseminated, displayed, read and expounded principally in schools and other educational institutions, without distinction based on the political status of countries or territories. " Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world, Whereas it is essential to promote the development of friendly relations between nations, Article 1.
Article 2. Article 3. Article 4. Article 5. Article 6. Accountability for Human Rights Violations ~ Introduction | Wide Angle. For a decade, Slobodan Miloseviç and his Serbian regime oversaw a reign of terror in Bosnia, Croatia, and Kosovo. Miloseviç’s orders led to the forced removal of hundreds of thousands of civilians from their homes; rampant massacres and executions; abuse and starvation; and the systematic rape of countless women. Miloseviç targeted non-Serbs with the intention of establishing a Serbian majority in these territories. The international community eventually stopped him before he was able to achieve his vision.
Using Miloseviç’s brutal nationalism and the implementation of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) as a case study, students will consider the question of whether those who commit massive violations of human rights should be held accountable in international courts of law. Are such courts effective in bringing international criminals to justice? Students will examine these two perspectives: Grade Level: 9-12 Time Allotment Students Will. Justice & The Generals . Education . International Humanitarian Law and War Crimes | PBS. Education > Lesson Plans > Background Reading International Humanitarian Law and War Crimes The branch of international law that provides protection to the victims of armed conflict and governs its conduct is called international humanitarian law (or the "laws of war"). International humanitarian law is derived from the customary practices of states and from treaties. Among the most important treaties are the four Geneva Conventions of 1949 and the two 1977 Protocols to the Geneva Conventions.
International humanitarian law establishes mechanisms to ensure that its rules are enforced. States are obligated to take steps to prevent violations from happening and to prosecute and punish individuals responsible for the most serious violations. The Geneva Conventions obligate states to punish grave breaches. The culpability of officers for war crimes that their subordinates commit is known as command responsibility. Ralph Bunche | The Scholar Activist | Human Rights and Civil Rights. Malcolm X : A Research Site / A BLACK LEFT DIRECTORY. Amnesty International USA | Protect Human Rights. The World's Most Wanted Man. Center for Human Rights & Humanitarian Law - American University Washington College of Law. Center for Human Rights & Humanitarian LawProgram Upcoming Events and Deadlines #SwaziJustice: The Case of Thulani Maseko and Beheki Makhubu in Swaziland Tues., November 18, 12:00 - 1:20 Washington College of Law Room 101 Visit our Student Opportunities page for information on available internships!
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From HRBrief.org The Human Rights Brief, a student-run publication of the Center. Justice for Russian Women? Photo credit: Tatyana Bondarchuk. Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, via flickr. Library of Census & Household Records. Alien Tort Claims Act of USA. “The Alien Tort Claims Act (ACTA) was adopted in 1789 as part of the original Judiciary Act. In its original form, it made no assertion about legal rights; it simply asserted that ‘[t]he district courts shall have original jurisdiction of any civil action by an alien for a tort only, committed in violation of the law of nations or a treaty of the United States…” For almost two centuries, the statute lay relatively dormant, supporting jurisdiction in only a handful of cases [ii].
As the result of increasing international concern with human rights issues, however, litigants have recently begun to seek redress more frequently under the ATCA [iii]. These suits produced several important decisions interpreting the meaning and scope of the 1789 Act. For example, in Filartiga v. (a) makes clear that it creates liability under U.S. law where under “color of law, of any foreign nation” an individual is subject to torture or “extra judicial killing,” and [ii] See, e.g., Filartiga v.
Geneva conventions. The history of humanitarian law The essential rules of international humanitarian law Geneva Conventions The Additional Protocols ICRC's relation with other international humanitarian law Until the middle of the 19th century all of the treaties concerning war victims' protection were circumstantial and binding only for the signing parties. The 1864 Geneva Convention laid the foundations for the contemporary humanitarian law. Standing written rules of universal scope to protect the victims of conflicts; its multilateral nature, open to all States; the obligation to extend care without discrimination to wounded and sick military personnel; respect for and marking of medical personnel, transports and equipment using an emblem (red cross on a white background).
The creation of the modern humanitarian law was strongly tied with the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, changing the matter of things. And in 1907 The Hague Convention determined combatants' categories.