Hymsvle.york.ac. National Statistics - UK at a Glance. WHO country profile UK. Untitled. Why do we need confidentiality. NHS Choices - Structure and History of the NHS. Student BMJ article. Polymorphisms. Genetic mutation turns tot into superboy. How antibiotics work. mRNA splicing. mRNA processing. Translation. Transcription. About Gender: The Developing Embryo - Germ Line and Somatic Mutations. As described in the previous section, errors sometimes occur during the copying process. If they occur during mitosis, after conception, for instance, and during life, they are known as somatic mutations. If they happen during meiosis, in producing the egg or sperm, they are referred to as germ line mutations and, as such, they will be passed on through inheritance. They may, for instance, occur by the substitution of some base pairs of the DNA. Point mutations - changes in one or a few nucleotide base pairs - may cause what are known as frame shifts.
A mis-sense mutation may occur, where the sequence, say: AGACGACGATTTGTT becomes AGACGACGATCTGTT. In other words, at one point in the genome, the amino acid arginine (TCT) replaces lysine (TTT). The result is that the protein it codes for may less effective or completely non-functional. Other errors during meiosis However, errors also sometimes occur during meiosis where the DNA becomes fragmented. Somatic mutations. Basic Principles of Genetics: Topic Menu. DNA From The Beginning.