Quantum Mechanics! - First Quantum Effects Seen in Visible Object. Quantum mechanics. Personal and Historical Perspectives of Hans Bethe. First Quantum Effects Seen in Visible Object. Science has proved contradiction. Unless, of course, we know that contradiction is impossible, and that the law of non-contradiction was used in the process of "proving" contradiction, making it a self-defeating argument. Now, any rational person will know that nothing can be and not be at the same time, so this whole thing is absurd on its face, unless you take it to mean both are happening in some kind of figurative, unreal sense, in which case the article is luridly, and I suspect purposefully, misleading.
Take away the breaking of the law of non-contradiction. Even then this is totally flawed and absolutely incorrect. There are no such things as "probabilistic rules" in reality. Metaphysically, things must obey their identity and happen as they do. These things are unknowable until they actually occur, yet follow laws of probability?
Just thought I would be polemical and challenge the smug consensus here. Double-slit experiment. The double-slit experiment is a demonstration that light and matter can display characteristics of both classically defined waves and particles; moreover, it displays the fundamentally probabilistic nature of quantum mechanical phenomena. The experiment belongs to a general class of "double path" experiments, in which a wave is split into two separate waves that later combine back into a single wave. Changes in the path lengths of both waves result in a phase shift, creating an interference pattern. Another version is the Mach–Zehnder interferometer, which splits the beam with a mirror.
This experiment is sometimes referred to as Young's experiment and while there is no doubt that Young's demonstration of optical interference, using sunlight, pinholes and cards, played a vital part in the acceptance of the wave theory of light, there is some question as to whether he ever actually performed a double-slit interference experiment.[1] Overview[edit] Variations of the experiment[edit] Quantum entanglement. Quantum entanglement is a physical phenomenon that occurs when pairs or groups of particles are generated or interact in ways such that the quantum state of each particle cannot be described independently – instead, a quantum state may be given for the system as a whole. Such phenomena were the subject of a 1935 paper by Albert Einstein, Boris Podolsky and Nathan Rosen,[1] describing what came to be known as the EPR paradox, and several papers by Erwin Schrödinger shortly thereafter.[2][3] Einstein and others considered such behavior to be impossible, as it violated the local realist view of causality (Einstein referred to it as "spooky action at a distance"),[4] and argued that the accepted formulation of quantum mechanics must therefore be incomplete.
History[edit] However, they did not coin the word entanglement, nor did they generalize the special properties of the state they considered. Concept[edit] Meaning of entanglement[edit] Apparent paradox[edit] The hidden variables theory[edit] Quantum Computers. Bell's theorem. Bell's theorem is a no-go theorem famous for drawing an important distinction between quantum mechanics (QM) and the world as described by classical mechanics. In its simplest form, Bell's theorem states:[1] No physical theory of local hidden variables can ever reproduce all of the predictions of quantum mechanics.
In the early 1930s, the philosophical implications of the current interpretations of quantum theory were troubling to many prominent physicists of the day, including Albert Einstein. In a well-known 1935 paper, Einstein and co-authors Boris Podolsky and Nathan Rosen (collectively "EPR") demonstrated by a paradox that QM was incomplete. In the 1950s, antecedent probabilistic theorems were published by Jean Bass, Emil D. In his groundbreaking 1964 paper, "On the Einstein Podolsky Rosen paradox",[3] physicist John Stewart Bell presented an analogy (based on spin measurements on pairs of entangled electrons) to EPR's hypothetical paradox.
Overview[edit] , local realism predicts.