Avalokiteśvara. Avalokiteśvara (Sanskrit: अवलोकितेश्वर lit. "Lord who looks down") is a bodhisattva who embodies the compassion of all Buddhas. Portrayed in different cultures as either male or female, Avalokiteśvara is one of the more widely revered bodhisattvas in mainstream Mahayana Buddhism, as well as unofficially in Theravada Buddhism. The original name for this bodhisattva was Avalokitasvara. The Chinese name Guānshìyīn Púsà (觀世音菩薩) is a translation of the earlier name "Avalokitasvara Bodhisattva. " This bodhisattva is variably depicted as male or female, and may also be referred to simply as Guānyīn. In Sanskrit, Avalokitesvara is also referred to as Padmapāni ("Holder of the Lotus") or Lokeśvara ("Lord of the World"). Etymology[edit] It was initially thought that the Chinese mis-transliterated the word Avalokiteśvara as Avalokitasvara which explained why Xuanzang translated it as Guānzìzài (Ch.
The original meaning of the name fits the Buddhist understanding of the role of a bodhisattva. ... Bai People & Culture | Linden Centre. Bai People and Culture The Linden Centre is located in the “Cradle of Bai Civilization” – the ancient city of Xizhou. The city is located ten miles south of the former northern gate of the Dali Valley, or Shang Guan, a fortification that helped protect the thin, fertile strip of land between the 14,000 foot high Cangshan mountains and the 30 mile long Er Hai Lake. The Dali valley takes its name from the former Buddhist kingdom that ruled over the surrounding lands.
Since 1956, the central government has officially called this region the ‘Dali Bai Nationality Autonomous Prefecture.’ The Bai population of roughly 2 million makes them the fourteenth largest ethnic minority group in China, of a total of 55. The Bai people have created majestic stone complexes, characterized by a footprint of three wings and one main wall. The Bai of Xizhou take pride in their business prowess and academic achievements. Bai Religion and Spirituality Ben Zhu Temples Festivals. Bai Facts, information, pictures | Encyclopedia.com articles about Bai. Interview With Our Expert - Yunnan Culture Expert Zhang Xilu - WildChina. Dali History, Culture: Ethnic Minority, Art, Yunnan China.
History According to archaeological discoveries around Erhai Lake, Dali was inhabited long ago. A brilliant Neolithic and Bronze culture was subsequently created, signifying the region as the earliest cultural cradle of Yunnan. Before the Qin Dynasty (221-206BC) predominated in this region, there are many tribes scattered there, leading an agricultural and nomadic life. During the Han Dynasty (206BC-220AD), the area encountered Central China and India as it was an important transfer station of the South Silk Road from Sichuan to India. There were six tribes rising in early Tang Dynasty (618-907), historically called Six Zhaos. However, since the Yuan Troop conquered the region in 1253, the political center of Yunnan moved to Kunming. Culture Ethnic Minorities There are some twenty ethnic minorities now living in the region with the Bai as the largest group, accounting for sixty-five percent of the city's total population.
Buddhism Art. Yunnan Nationalities University (YNU) International Programs and Admissions I. Master’s Degree Programs II. Bachelor’s Degree Programs III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. Yunnan Nationalities University (YNU) welcomes students from other countries as well as Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan regions to study in the university. II. There is no nationality, diploma or degree requirement for applicants for Chinese certificate programs except one for age, which is from 18 to 60.
Curricula of Chinese Certificate Programs IV. 1. 2. 3. 4. V. VI. VII. 2. 3. 4. Note: The touring fee is not mandatory and not included in the tuition. VIII.