LDL

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Low-density lipoprotein ( LDL ) is one of the five major groups of lipoproteins , which in order of size, largest to smallest, are chylomicrons , VLDL , IDL , LDL , and HDL , that enable transport of multiple different fat molecules, including cholesterol , within the water around cells and within the water-based bloodstream . Studies have shown that higher levels of type-B LDL particles (as opposed to type-A LDL particles) promote health problems and cardiovascular disease , they are often informally called the bad cholesterol particles, (as opposed to HDL particles, which are frequently referred to as good cholesterol or healthy cholesterol particles). [ 1 ] [ edit ] Testing Blood tests typically report LDL-C, the amount of cholesterol contained in LDL. In clinical context, mathematically calculated estimates of LDL-C are commonly used to estimate how much low density lipoproteins are driving progression of atherosclerosis .

Low-density lipoprotein

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-density_lipoprotein
http://www.livestrong.com/article/166351-blood-ldl-levels/ Low-density lipoprotein, or LDL, is a form of cholesterol that is measured, along with high-density lipoprotein, or HDL and triglycerides, to determine risk levels for cardiovascular disease. The purpose of LDL is to transport cholesterol and triglyceride molecules from the liver, where they are produced, to the cells around the body for use in constructing cell membranes, and in hormones and fat soluble vitamins. LDL is the form of cholesterol that, when present in excess, can lead to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.

Blood & Ldl Levels

http://www.health.am/topics/more/what_are_ldl_cholesterol_particle_size_patterns_a_and_b/ • Heart Attack • Oct 03, 2004 The LDL patterns A and B refer to the size of LDL cholesterol particles in the blood. Some doctors believe that small LDL cholesterol particles in the blood may pose a greater risk for developing Atherosclerosis and heart attack s than the absolute level of LDL cholesterol in the blood. The size of LDL cholesterol particles is primarily inherited. A special blood test called polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis can measure particle size and determine whether a person has blood cholesterol LDL pattern A or LDL pattern B.

What are LDL cholesterol particle size patterns A and B?

http://qjmed.oxfordjournals.org/content/99/1/1.full

Low-density lipoprotein size and cardiovascular risk assessment

Abstract A predominance of small, dense low-density lipoproteins (LDL) has been accepted as an emerging cardiovascular risk factor by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. LDL size seems to be an important predictor of cardiovascular events and progression of coronary heart disease and evidences suggests that both quality (particularly small, dense LDL) and quantity may increase cardiovascular risk. However, other authors have suggested that LDL size measurement does not add information beyond that obtained by measuring LDL concentration, triglyceride levels and HDL concentrations.