Sex vs. Gender. What is Gender? What is Gender? Gender Identity, Role, and Stereotypes. Gender Roles and Society. Girl toys vs boy toys: The experiment - BBC Stories. Kids' assumptions are turned around at career day in school. Gender Stereotypes. Social Learning Theory. How Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory Works. Learning is a remarkably complex process that is influenced by a wide variety of factors. As most parents are probably very much aware, observation can play a critical role in determining how and what children learn.1 As the saying goes, kids are very much like sponges, soaking up the experiences they have each and every day.
Because learning is so complex, there are many different psychological theories to explain how and why people learn. A psychologist named Albert Bandura proposed a social learning theory which suggests that observation and modeling play a primary role in this process.2 Bandura's theory moves beyond behavioral theories, which suggest that all behaviors are learned through conditioning, and cognitive theories, which take into account psychological influences such as attention and memory. Differential Reinforcement. Parental Reinforcement of Gender. Children's Books Enforce Gender Stereotypes. How Media Reinforce Gender Roles. Developing Gender Stereotypes from Watching Media. Introduction Women are underrepresented in domains that require intensive mathematical skills (National Science Foundation, 2015; National Science Board, 2016).
This bias is crucial to the larger economy and contributes to gender inequity in income: More women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) would diversify the workforce, and mathematically intensive STEM fields usually provide high-status career options (National Science Foundation, 2015). Watching Gender Stereotypes in Media. Parents Implicit and Explicit Reinforcement of Gender in Children. Disney Female Stereotypes.
The Damsels in Distress We see the "damsel in distress" theme featured in the early Disney princess movies.
Snow White, Cinderella, Aurora, Ariel, and Belle are all searching for their true love and waiting to be saved by a prince charming. Each of these Disney princesses are white, tall and thin, and of course have a small waist. Observational Learning. Bandura's Bobo Doll Experiment. Social Learning Theory - The Bobo Doll Experiment. Children Observing Same-sex Models. Egalitarian Parenting.
Does Exposure to Counterstereotypical Role Models Influence Girls’ and Women’s Gender Stereotypes and Career Choices? A Review of Social Psychological Research. Introduction … relatable [female] role models will bring important future [female] scientists, mathematicians, technologists, engineers, innovators, and leaders into in the career pipeline. 1000 Girls, 1000 Futures.
Promoting Healthy gender Development.