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Thinking
Attention is the cognitive process of selectively concentrating on one thing while ignoring other things. Examples include listening carefully to what someone is saying while ignoring other conversations in the room (e.g. the cocktail party problem, Cherry, 1953). Attention can also be split, as when a person drives a car and talks on a cell phone at the same time.Logic
The history of logic is the study of the development of the science of valid inference ( logic ). While many cultures have employed intricate systems of reasoning, and logical methods are evident in all human thought, an explicit analysis of the principles of reasoning was developed only in three traditions: those of China , India , and Greece . Of these, only the treatment of logic descending from the Greek tradition, particularly Aristotelian logic , found wide application and acceptance in science and mathematics.