"Graphs": Connect Fours Revision Quiz. You will see a wall of 16 clues. You need to group them into 4 rows of 4 connected items. Simply click four cards to identify a group. You score 1 point for each group found within 2.5 minutes. You have unlimited guesses for the first two groups. After completing 2 groups, you have 3 chances to create the final 2 groups. After arranging all 4 groups (or when time runs out) the correct groups are shown. This quiz is based on, but is not affiliated with, the 'connect wall' element in the BBC quiz show 'Only Connect' gap between bars line of best fit sometimes drawn frequency on y axis (bars) continuous frequency data (not bars) +1 Point?
Dots not joined dots are joined frequency on y axis (not bars) simplified by plotting mean or total scores +1 Point? Good for comparing two conditions/groups on one graph continuous frequency data (bars) discrete categories co-variables on axes frequency polygon sometimes drawn correlation no gap between bars data not continuous. "Types of experiment": Connect Fours Revision Quiz. Writing a research article: advice to beginners. Once the research question is clearly defined, writing the paper becomes considerably easier. The paper will ask the question, then answer it. The key to successful scientific writing is getting the structure of the paper right.
The basic structure of a typical research paper is the sequence of Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion (sometimes abbreviated as IMRAD). Each section addresses a different objective. The authors state: (i) the problem they intend to address—in other terms, the research question—in the Introduction; (ii) what they did to answer the question in the Methods section; (iii) what they observed in the Results section; and (iv) what they think the results mean in the Discussion.
In turn, each basic section addresses several topics, and may be divided into subsections (Table 1). In the Introduction, the authors should explain the rationale and background to the study. The Results section is typically fairly straightforward and factual. Variables IV, DV, extraneous variables. Measures of central tendency mean median and mode. Profiling cover work. AS Psychology - Holah.co.uk - Correlation. Here are some exam style questions.
Here is a tick off what you need to know sheet for correlations. Don't let yourself fall into the trap of believing that when there is a strong correlation between two variables that one of the variables causes the other. Association does not mean causation. For example, there is almost certainly a very high positive correlation between the length of people? A matching coefficient quiz. When conducting correlational analysis it is important to operationalise the variables. A cloze hypothesis quiz. Home > Investigations > Correlation Correlation for Psychological Investigations Correlation refers to a measure of how strongly two or more variables are related to each other. A positive correlation means that high values of one variable are associated with high values of the other. A negative correlation means that high values of one variable are associated with low values of the other.
. +1.0 perfect positive correlation +0.8 strong positive correlation. Correlation revision. What Is Correlation? Correlation. Reliability. Validity. Reliability 101. Simpsons sampling. Ethical issues in psychology & social research. Types of Data: Nominal, Ordinal, Interval/Ratio - Statistics Help. Experimental methodology.
Observation. Self Report Research method. Self Report Research method. Ext variables 2012. Research methods. Research Methods. COS | Reproducible Research Model. Online: Search & Research. Bibblio | Welcome to the world’s first multipedia. RESEARCH - Welcome to YOUR Library! Easy Bib add on for Google Docs. Finding a Problem to Investigate - Methodologies and Approaches in ELT. Designing Research. Our page Introduction to Research Methods explains that the philosophical approach that you take to the world, and to its investigation, underpins the methods that you use to carry out research.
This page explains some basic types of research, and their advantages and disadvantages. Your philosophy, and therefore your choice of research methods, is likely to be influenced by many things: your colleagues’ views, your organisation’s approach, your supervisor’s beliefs, and your own experience. There is no right or wrong answer to choosing your research methods. However, the method you choose needs to answer your research question. For example, if you want to explore the reasons why people choose certain careers, you are going to need to talk to people. If, on the other hand, you want to know whether more people opt for caring professions, then you will want some hard data about applications to universities and colleges, and job applications.
Approaching Research Five Questions: Survey Research. Research Methods. An Introduction to Research Methods You are most likely to have to carry out a piece of research as part of a course of study, whether for an undergraduate or post-graduate degree. However, there are also plenty of times when you may need to do some basic research as part of a job or a voluntary role, whether it’s a simple survey to find out what customers think or a more advanced piece of research.
This page introduces some basic principles of research design and discusses how your view of the world affects your choice of methods and techniques. The Basic Principles of Research Design According to one of the most respected management research textbooks, written by Easterby-Smith, Thorpe and Jackson, there are four main features of research design, which are distinct, but closely related.
They are: Ontology. Easterby-Smith and colleagues liken these four to the rings of a tree trunk: the methods are the outermost, and most visible, but without the inner ones, the outer one would die. Sampling and Sample Design. When you collect any sort of data, especially quantitative data, whether observational, through surveys or from secondary data, you need to decide which data to collect and from whom.
This is called the sample. There are a variety of ways to select your sample, and to make sure that it gives you results that will be reliable and credible. The difference between population and sample Ideally, research would collect information from every single member of the population that you are studying. Principles Behind Choosing a Sample The idea behind selecting a sample is to be able to generalise your findings to the whole population, which means that your sample must be: Representative of the population.
If your sample is not representative, you can introduce bias into the study. However, if you get the relationship between sample and population right, then you can draw strong conclusions about the nature of the population. Sample size: how long is a piece of string? How large should your sample be? Quantitative and Qualitative Research Methods. Research methods are split broadly into quantitative and qualitative methods. Which you choose will depend on your research questions, your underlying philosophy of research, and your preferences and skills. Our pages Introduction to Research Methods and Designing Research set out some of the issues about the underlying philosophy. This page provides an introduction to the broad principles of qualitative and quantitative research methods, and the advantages and disadvantages of each in particular situations.
Some definitions Quantitative research is “explaining phenomena by collecting numerical data that are analysed using mathematically based methods (in particular statistics). Qualitative research seeks to answer questions about why and how people behave in the way that they do. . * Taken from: Aliaga and Gunderson ‘Interactive Statistics ‘3rd Edition (2005) Quantitative Research Quantitative research is perhaps the simpler to define and identify. Example: turning opinions into numbers. Surveys and Survey Design.
Surveys, which are also called questionnaires, are one of the key ways to gather quantitative data for analysis. Surveys rely on asking the same question in the same way to a large number of people, and obtaining a lot of responses. These responses are then analysed using statistical techniques to obtain information that can be generalised about the whole population. This page does not discuss semi-structured questionnaires often used as interview outlines for qualitative research, but you can find out more about these in our pages Interviews for Research and Focus Groups. You can also find out more about identifying a suitable sample in our page on Sampling and Sample Design. Types of Survey There are two main types of survey, self-completed and interviewer-administered surveys: Self-Completed Surveys A self-completed questionnaire is, as the name suggests, completed by the survey subject.
There are now many tools available for web-based surveys, such as SurveyMonkey and Qualtrics. 1. 2. 3. What Is Theory? This page covers the basics of understanding what is meant by the word ‘theory’ and how theories are developed. As well as describing theory the page gives a brief introduction to the steps involved in the construction of theory, in an academic or scientific context. A theory is a method we use to give us understanding. One of the major purposes of a theory is to provide an answer to the question ‘why?’. Asking, ‘why?’ ‘Why’ is one of the very first questions that children ask: “Can you get ready for bed now?” Questions like these, from children, can be endless. Defining ‘theory’, therefore, has to take into account the ‘why?’ A theory is an attempt to explain why and so to provide understanding.
Although there are no hard and fast rules, modern theory is usually developed through a series of steps, by academics and scientists. It is important to understand that the steps to theory development, as listed on this page, are generally thought of as being sequential – one step follows the last. How to Plan an Essay. This page is the first of two that describe the processes involved in producing an essay for academic purposes, for school, college or university.
This page covers the planning stages of essay writing, which are important to the overall process. The second page, Writing an Essay, provides more information on the steps involved in actually writing an essay. We recommend you read both pages to gain a full understanding. Developing the skill of essay writing takes practice, time and patience, your essay writing skills will improve and develop the more you write. With the help of your course tutor (teacher or lecturer) and peers (other students) and from constructive feedback from the marker of your work, writing an essay will become easier as you progress through your studies and your confidence increases. This page details general good practice in essay planning, including what you should do and what you should try to avoid. The Purpose of an Essay What is the Marker is Looking For? Assignment Finishing Touches. This page – part of our Study Skills section – provides some quick advice about the things you should check before you submit an assessed assignment.
You don’t have to be a student, however, to find this page useful, perhaps you have been asked to prepare a document for work or socially? You have, no doubt, devoted a lot of time and effort to producing your work, researching your topic, carefully constructing your arguments or findings and writing it up. (If not then see our pages: Planning an Essay and Writing an Essay). Before your work is submitted you should follow the simple framework outlined on this page to ensure that your work is received in the most positive way possible, for students this will ultimately mean better marks and for others it could mean the difference between your work being considered credible or not.
This page covers: Knowing Your Deadline Presentation Basics Re-reading Proofreading Knowing Your Deadline Presentation Basics Assignment Presentation Basics Re-reading. "To uncover the plot of your story, don’t ask what should... Drug and Therapeutics Committees - A Practical Guide: 6.Tools to investigate the use of medicines: 6.4 Qualitative methods to investigate causes of problems of medicine use. Investigating, Reporting, and Resolving a Problem.
This section describes how to use the Enterprise Manager Support Workbench (Support Workbench) to investigate and report a problem (critical error), and in some cases, resolve the problem. The section begins with a "roadmap" that summarizes the typical set of tasks that you must perform. Note: The tasks described in this section are all Enterprise Manager–based. You can also accomplish all of these tasks (or their equivalents) with the ADRCI command-line utility, with PL/SQL packages such as DBMS_HM and DBMS_SQLDIAG, and with other software tools. See Oracle Database Utilities for more information on the ADRCI utility, and see Oracle Database PL/SQL Packages and Types Reference for information on PL/SQL packages. Roadmap—Investigating, Reporting, and Resolving a Problem You can begin investigating a problem by starting from the Support Workbench home page in Enterprise Manager. Figure 8-2 illustrates the tasks that you complete to investigate, report, and in some cases, resolve a problem.
Monitoring 101: Investigating performance issues - Datadog. This post is part of a series on effective monitoring. Be sure to check out the rest of the series: Collecting the right data and Alerting on what matters. The responsibilities of a monitoring system do not end with symptom detection. Once your monitoring system has notified you of a real symptom that requires attention, its next job is to help you diagnose the root cause.
Often this is the least structured aspect of monitoring, driven largely by hunches and guess-and-check. This post describes a more directed approach that can help you to find and correct root causes more efficiently. This series of articles comes out of our experience monitoring large-scale infrastructure for our customers. It also draws on the work of Brendan Gregg, Rob Ewaschuk, and Baron Schwartz. A word about data There are three main types of monitoring data that can help you investigate the root causes of problems in your infrastructure. It’s resources all the way down 1. First ask yourself, “Is there a problem? 2. Note-Taking for Reading. When engaged in some form of study or research, either informally, for general interest, or formally, while in education or at work, you will no doubt need to read information, and potentially lots of information.
This page describes how to take effective notes while reading, as a way to engage with the printed word, summarise and aid the learning process. We have a series of other related pages that you may find helpful. Our page, Effective Note-Taking covers how to take notes from verbal exchanges – the spoken word, which describes the most efficient note-taking for classes, lectures, meetings etc. See our pages: Effective Reading and Critical Reading for explanation, advice and comment on how to get the most from, and develop your, reading style. Taking Notes when Reading Reading for pleasure or as a way to relax, like when reading a novel, newspaper or magazine is usually a ‘passive’ exercise.
What NOT To Do Effective Steps for Note-Taking Highlighting and Emphasising Making Written Notes. Dissertation Writing: Results and Discussion. When writing a dissertation or thesis, the results and discussion sections can be both the most interesting as well as the most challenging sections to write. You may choose to write these sections separately, or combine them into a single chapter, depending on your university’s guidelines and your own preferences. There are advantages to both approaches. Writing the results and discussion as separate sections allows you to focus first on what results you obtained and set out clearly what happened in your experiments and/or investigations without worrying about their implications.
This can focus your mind on what the results actually show and help you to sort them in your head. However, many people find it easier to combine the results with their implications as the two are closely connected. Check your university’s requirements carefully before combining the results and discussions sections as some specify that they must be kept separate. Results Section Warning! Top Tip For example: Conclusion. Writing a Dissertation: Conclusions. How to Write an Essay. Writing a Dissertation or Thesis. Writing a Literature Review. Report Writing. Writing your Dissertation: Methodology. Academic Referencing - How to Cite & Reference. Avoiding plagiarism, self-plagiarism, and other questionable writing practices: A guide to ethical writing | ORI - The Office of Research Integrity. Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing.
Etymologiebank.nl. Revising Your Paper for Content. Dealing with Criticism. PLOS Medicine: Financial Conflicts of Interest and Reporting Bias Regarding the Association between Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Weight Gain: A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews. Systematic review. How Quickly Do Systematic Reviews Go Out of Date? A Survival Analysis. Retraction Of Scientific Papers For Fraud Or Bias Is Just The Tip Of The Iceberg.
Simple Set Theory. Averages: Mean, Median and Mode. Multivariate Analysis. Statistical Analysis: Identifying Patterns. Simple Statistical Analysis. Analysing Qualitative Data. Writing Your Presentation - Presentation Skills. Managing a Presentation Event. Dealing With Questions - Presentation Skills. Deciding the Presentation Method - Presentation Skills. Managing your Presentation Notes. Preparing a Presentation - Presentation Skills. Organising Your Material - Presentation Skills. Presenting Data. Graphs and Charts.