The Old Regime and the Revolution. Alexis de Tocqueville - L'Ancien Régime et la Révolution, Lévy, 1866 L'Ancien Régime et la Révolution (1856) is a work by the French historian Alexis de Tocqueville translated in English as either The Old Regime and the Revolution or The Old Regime and the French Revolution. The book analyzes French society before the French Revolution — the so-called "Ancien Régime" — and investigates the causes and forces that caused the Revolution. It is one of the major early historical works on the French Revolution. In this book, de Tocqueville develops his main theory about the French revolution, the theory of continuity, in which he states that even though the French tried to dissociate themselves from the past and from the autocratic old regime, they eventually reverted to a powerful central government. The L'Ancien Régime and the French Revolution (Hiatus)[edit] See also[edit] Economic sociology References[edit] Jump up ^ Alexis de Tocqueville.
External links[edit] OId Regime Political Cartoon. Causes of the French Revolution. Among causes of the French Revolution, the principal condition was the "revolutionary situation" which had developed in 18th century France through mismanagement of the economy and, in particular, the costs incurred in fighting the Seven Years' War and the American Revolutionary War.
The economic crisis was compounded by years of bad harvests and resulted in urban and rural resentment of the wealth and privilege enjoyed by the nobility and clergy. In due course, the crisis led to the convocation of the Estates-General in May 1789 and, subsequently, as the revolution unfolded, it came to be seen in terms of Enlightenment ideals which some held to have created a "revolutionary spirit". The revolutionary situation[edit] Social inequality[edit] The population of France in the 1780s was about 26 million, of whom 21 million lived in agriculture. Dislike of the nobility was especially intense. Enlightenment ideas[edit] Influence of the philosophers[edit] Economics and finances[edit] Debt[edit] France :: The causes of the French Revolution -- Encyclopedia Britannica. Causes of the French Revolution. History 151 The French Revolution: Causes, Outcomes, Conflicting Interpretations Mr. Schwartz 1. International: struggle for hegemony and Empire outstrips the fiscal resources of the state 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Revolutionary situation: when the government's monopoly of power is effectively challenged by some groups who no longer recognize its legitimate authority, no longer grant it loyalty, and no longer obey its commands. Revolutionary Process or Stages: · One interpretation from this definition is that a revolution will continue until a single sovereign order has been restored either by agreement or force. O A good example in the French Revolution is the events leading up to the overthrow of the Constitutional Monarch on August 1792—often called the “Second Revolution”—and the establishment of the First French Republic. · Another interpretation of the Revolution divides the period of 1789-1799 into stages or phases: o A liberal, constitutional phase of 1789-1792 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
D. 6. A. B. 1. 2. Napoleonic Code. First page of the 1804 original edition The Napoleonic Code ‒ or Code Napoléon (the official name being the Code civil des Français) ‒ is the French civil code established under Napoléon I in 1804. The code forbade privileges based on birth, allowed freedom of religion, and specified that government jobs should go to the most qualified.[1] It was drafted rapidly by a commission of four eminent jurists and entered into force on 21 March 1804.[1] The Code, with its stress on clearly written and accessible law, was a major step in replacing the previous patchwork of feudal laws. Historian Robert Holtman regards it as one of the few documents that have influenced the whole world.[1] History[edit] The categories of the Napoleonic Code were not drawn from earlier French laws, but instead from Justinian's sixth-century codification of Roman law, the Corpus Juris Civilis and, within it, the Institutes.[2] The Institutes divide law into the law of: personsthingsactions.
Napoleonic reforms[edit] Napoleonic code.