The Book of Scratch: How can I move the background? Chapter 12 - Structured Analysis Wiki. Entity-Relationship Diagrams “Obviously, a man’s judgment cannot be better than the information on which he has based it. Give him the truth and he may still go wrong when he has the chance to be right, but give him no news or present him only with distorted and incomplete data, with ignorant, sloppy or biased reporting, with propaganda and deliberate falsehoods, and you destroy his whole reasoning processes, and make him something less than a man.” -- Arthur Hays Sulzberger Address, New York State Publisher’s Association, 1948 Why data models are useful in systems analysis; The components of an entity-relationship diagram; How to draw an entity-relationship diagram; and How to refine an initial entity-relationship diagram.
In this chapter, we explore a graphical notation for modeling data. Why should we be interested in a data model of a system? Indeed, consider an extreme case: what if there are no functions to be performed? Object Types Relationships Associative Object Type Indicators. Chapter 15 - Structured Analysis Wiki. Additional Modeling Tools “The need to discover inefficiency early makes it important to externalize (that is, make visible) an evolving design at each stage. Engineering blueprints, for instance, serve this purpose and are useful not only for a designer by calling his attention to trouble spots and potential inconsistencies, but also for a team or an entire organization developing a product. Blueprints are the major medium of communication, criticism, and collective refinement. Moreover, representation methods must be relatively simple and direct in bridging the gap between reality and the program; and they must be efficient during the multiple iterative steps.” -- L.A.
Belady Foreword to Software Design, [Peters, 1981] How to identify several variations on flowcharts; How to draw HIPO diagrams and structure charts; How to identify several variations on DFD diagrams; and How to identify several variations on ERD diagrams. The Classic Flowchart Variations on Flowcharts. What is software engineering. What is Software Design? By Jack W. Reeves ©C++ Journal - 1992 Object oriented techniques, and C++ in particular, seem to be taking the software world by storm. Numerous articles and books have appeared describing how to apply the new techniques. In general, the questions of whether O-O techniques are just hype have been replaced by questions of how to get the benefits with the least amount of pain. Object oriented techniques have been around for some time, but this exploding popularity seems a bit unusual.
If that comment seems a bit unusual, it is deliberate. Years ago I was attending a seminar where the question came up of whether software development is an engineering discipline or not. The final goal of any engineering activity is the some type of documentation. There are probably enough arguments both for and against this premise to fill numerous articles. There is one consequence of considering code as software design that completely overwhelms all others. The Computer Revolution/Programming/Designing the Program. Program Design & Program Logic[edit] As you sit down at your computer, whether at home or at work, did you ever consider what it took -- planning, researching, developing, debugging, implementing, updating, etc. -- to get this machine to do what you are doing?
Systems development, in simplest terms, is a six-stage process or life cycle (SDLC) that consists of phases, which often overlap and typically may include: conducting a preliminary investigation;then analyzing the system;designing anddeveloping the system beforeimplementation, and finallyproviding systems maintenance, including updating and upgrading, with the possibility of beginning the process all over again (Williams, B.K. & S.C. Sawyer. 2007. Using Information Technology: A Practical Introduction to Computers & Communications. 7th ed.
The following discussion will focus on the fourth or development phase of this system development process – that is, programming. The program logic andthen its detail. Do Until Do while Flowcharting] Flowcharting. Flowcharting Flowcharting is an alternative method for documenting the logic of a solution algorithm, compared to pseudocode. Flowcharting uses graphics symbols rather than text to describe the logic of the solution. It has advantages and disadvantages relative to pseudo-code. The Basic Flowcharting Symbols and their usage are: The Three Basic Control Structures There are some standard ways of connecting the symbols to represent the three basic structures. Problem Statement The Student Information consists of records which contain: ID number (int) name age (int) gender (char) program (char[20]) academic level (int) attendance pattern (char[3]), i.e. full time (F/T) or part time (P/T) The report has the heading 'PART TIME FEMALE STUDENTS', and includes the student's ID number, name, program, and academic level for each part-time, female student.
IPO Diagram GeneralFlowchart for file processing This is a problem that involves processing a file. Solution Development for this problem Flowchart vs.