associative model

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Topic Maps is a standard for the representation and interchange of knowledge, with an emphasis on the findability of information.

Topic Maps

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topic_Maps
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associative_model_of_data

Associative model of data

The associative model of data is an alternative data model for database systems. Other data models, such as the relational model and the object data model, are record-based.
This undirected cyclic graph can be described by the list {a,b}, {a,c}, {b,c}. In graph theory and computer science , an adjacency list representation of a graph is a collection of unordered lists, one for each vertex in the graph.

Adjacency list

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adjacency_list