Notes on Sprockets and Chains. A sprocket is a toothed wheel upon which a chain rides. Contrary to popular opinion, a sprocket is not a gear. Chain Construction Chains have a surprising number of parts. The roller turns freely on the bushing, which is attached on each end to the inner plate. A pin passes through the bushing, and is attached at each end to the outer plate. Chain Dimensions Chain types are identified by number; ie. a number 40 chain. The roller diameter is "nearest binary fraction" (32nd of an inch) to 5/8ths of the pitch; pin diameter is half of roller diameter.
Plate thickness is 1/8th of the pitch, except "extra-heavy" chain, which is designated by the suffix H, and is 1/32" thicker. ANSI Standard Chain Dimensions Bicycle and Motorcycle Chain Dimensions Selecting a Chain Two factors determine the selection of a chain; the working load and the rpm of the smaller sprocket. Maximum Pitch = (900 ÷ rpm ) 2/3 The smaller the pitch, the less noise, wear, and mechanical losses will be experienced. Sprockets Back. How to Make Springs. There are three things you'll need to read before you get started.
First, the DISCLAIMER: Second, before you start to work with spring wire, read the section on safety . When you have read that section, read it again. No kidding . And third, about this document: I've tried to write for the benefit of someone who has (or can gain access to) basic hand and power tools. In its first incarnation, this site was made in frames.
Any comments or suggestions for improvement should be made to yours truly . This section will give you some basic information about springs, what they look like, what their parts are, and how they work. If you already know about springs and want to get right to it , be my guest. There are three basic types of springs: See the Glossary for detailed diagrams of these types of springs. Forward to Spring Design Terms of Use. Metallurgy. Georgius Agricola, author of De re metallica, an important early work on metal extraction Metallurgy is a domain of materials science and materials engineering that studies the physical and chemical behavior of metallic elements, their intermetallic compounds, and their mixtures, which are called alloys. Metallurgy is also the technology of metals: the way in which science is applied to the production of metals, and the engineering of metal components for use in products for consumers and manufacturers.
The production of metals involves the processing of ores to extract the metal they contain, and the mixture of metals, sometimes with other elements, to produce alloys. Metallurgy is distinguished from the craft of metalworking. Metallurgy is subdivided into ferrous metallurgy (sometimes also known as black metallurgy) and non-ferrous metallurgy or colored metallurgy. Etymology and pronunciation[edit] History[edit] Gold headband from Thebes 750–700 BC Extraction[edit] Alloys[edit] [edit] Homebuilt arc welder&-&www.dansworkshop.com.
Blacksmith. A blacksmith is a metalsmith who creates objects from wrought iron or steel by forging the metal by using tools to hammer, bend, and cut (cf. whitesmith). Blacksmiths produce objects such as gates, grilles, railings, light fixtures, furniture, sculpture, tools, agricultural implements, decorative and religious items, cooking utensils, and weapons. While there are many people who work with metal such as farriers, wheelwrights, and armorers, the blacksmith had a general knowledge of how to make and repair many things, from the most complex of weapons and armor to simple things like nails or lengths of chain. Origin of the term[edit] The term "blacksmith" comes from the activity of "forging" iron or the "black" metal - so named due to the color of the metal resulting from being heated red-hot (a key part of the blacksmithing process). The term "forging" means to shape metal by heating and hammering.
"Smith" is from the Proto-German "smithaz" meaning "skilled worker. Smithing process[edit] Forge. A blacksmith's coal forge Wooden smithy in Opole, Upper Silesia, Poland Types of forges[edit] Coal/coke/charcoal forge[edit] Standard coal forge Over thousands of years of forging, these devices have evolved in one form or another as the essential features of this type of forge:[citation needed] Tuyere — a pipe through which air can be forced into the fireBellows or blower — a means for forcing air into the tuyereHearth — a place where the burning fuel can be contained over or against the tuyere opening. During operation, fuel is placed in or on the hearth and ignited.
A typical Scottish smithy at Auchentiber, North Ayrshire, Scotland. A blacksmith balances the fuel and air in the fire to suit particular kinds of work. In a typical coal forge, a firepot will be centered in a flat hearth. If a larger fire is necessary, the smith increases the air flowing into the fire as well as feeding and deepening the coke heart. Gas forge[edit] A gas forge typically uses propane or natural gas as the fuel. Metalsmith. A metalsmith or simply smith is a craftsman fashioning tools or works of art out of various metals. As an English suffix, -smith connotes a meaning of specialized craftsmen — for example, wordsmith and tunesmith are nouns synonymous with writer or songwriter, respectively. History[edit] In pre-industrialized times, smiths held high or special social standing since they supplied the metal tools needed for farming (especially the plough) and warfare.
This was especially true in some West African cultures. Types of smiths[edit] Types of smiths include:[1] Artisans and craftpeople[edit] The term, metalsmith, often refers to artisans and craftpersons who practice their craft in many different metals, including gold, copper and silver. Machinists[edit] Machinists are metalsmiths who produce high-precision parts and tools. References[edit] External links[edit] Video of a ring being forged by a metalsmith.