Philosophy
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Als Psychoanalytische Filmtheorie bezeichnet man eine Strömung der Filmwissenschaft bzw. Filmtheorie , welche die Methode der Psychoanalyse auf das Phänomen des Films und des Kinos anwendet. Einführung [ Bearbeiten ]
Psychoanalytische Filmtheorie
Leda and the Swan
Leda and the Swan is a story and subject in art from Greek mythology in which the god Zeus , in the form of a swan , seduces, or rapes, Leda . According to later Greek mythology, Leda bore Helen and Polydeuces , children of Zeus, while at the same time bearing Castor and Clytemnestra , children of her husband Tyndareus , the King of Sparta . In the W.B. Yeats version, it is subtly suggested that Clytemnestra, although being the daughter of Tyndareus, has somehow been traumatized by what the swan has done to her mother (see below). According to many versions of the story, Zeus took the form of a swan and raped or seduced Leda on the same night she slept with her husband King Tyndareus .
Silvan Solomon Tomkins (June 4, 1911 – June 10, 1991) [ 1 ] is best known as a psychologist and personality theorist and as the developer of Affect theory and Script theory . Following the publication of the third volume of his book Affect Imagery Consciousness in 1991, his body of work received renewed interest leading to attempts by others to summarize and popularize his theories. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] There are also several websites dedicated to Tomkins's work, among them the Tomkins Institute (external link below). [ edit ] Biography The following is a summary based on a biographical essay by Irving Alexander. [ 4 ] Silvan Tomkins was born in Philadelphia to Russian Jewish immigrants, and raised in Camden, New Jersey . [ 5 ] He studied playwriting as an undergraduate at the University of Pennsylvania , but immediately on graduating, enrolled as a graduate student in Psychology .
Silvan Tomkins
Hypotheses non fingo ( Latin for "I feign no hypotheses," "I frame no hypotheses," or "I contrive no hypotheses") is a famous phrase used by Isaac Newton in an essay, General Scholium , which was appended to the second (1713) edition of the Principia . Here is a modern translation (published 1999) of the passage containing this famous remark: I have not as yet been able to discover the reason for these properties of gravity from phenomena, and I do not feign hypotheses. For whatever is not deduced from the phenomena must be called a hypothesis; and hypotheses, whether metaphysical or physical, or based on occult qualities, or mechanical, have no place in experimental philosophy. In this philosophy particular propositions are inferred from the phenomena, and afterwards rendered general by induction. [ 1 ] [ edit ] See also
Hypotheses non fingo
Busto de Epícuro. Museo de Pérgamo. Epicuro ( griego : Επίκουρος ; Samos , aproximadamente 341 a. C. - Atenas , 270 a.
Epicuro
Fallibilism (from medieval Latin fallibilis , "liable to err") is the philosophical principle that human beings could be wrong about their beliefs, expectations, or their understanding of the world, and yet still be justified in holding their incorrect beliefs. In the most commonly used sense of the term, this consists in being open to new evidence that would disprove some previously held position or belief, and in the recognition that "any claim justified today may need to be revised or withdrawn in light of new evidence, new arguments, and new experiences." [ 1 ] This position is taken for granted in the natural sciences . [ 2 ] In another sense, it refers to the consciousness of "the degree to which our interpretations, valuations, our practices, and traditions are temporally indexed" and subject to (possibly arbitrary) historical flux and change.
Fallibilism
Albert Camus
Albert Camus ( French: [albɛʁ kamy] ( listen ) ; 7 November 1913 – 4 January 1960) was a French Nobel Prize winning author, journalist, and philosopher . His views contributed to the rise of the philosophy known as absurdism . He wrote in his essay " The Rebel " that his whole life was devoted to opposing the philosophy of nihilism while still delving deeply into individual freedom.Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers
Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers ( Greek : Βίοι καὶ γνῶμαι τῶν ἐν φιλοσοφίᾳ εὐδοκιμησάντων ) is a biography of the Greek philosophers by Diogenes Laërtius , written in Greek , perhaps in the first half of the third century AD. [ edit ] Overview The Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers , was written in Greek and professes to give an account of the lives and sayings of the Greek philosophers.