Past
< Fears/Insecurities
< Personality
< Ivan
< Characters
< braginski
Get flash to fully experience Pearltrees
The execution of the Romanov family by Bolsheviks , of the Russian Imperial House of Romanov , and those who chose to accompany them into exile, Eugene Botkin , Anna Demidova , Alexei Trupp , and Ivan Kharitonov , [ 1 ] took place in Yekaterinburg on July 17, 1918 on the orders of Vladimir Lenin , Yakov Sverdlov , and the Ural Soviet, in order to prevent them being subsequently used to muster the White forces in the ongoing Russian Civil War . [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ edit ] Background (Before the Execution of the Romanovs) On 22 March 1917, Nicholas, no longer a monarch and addressed with contempt by the sentries as "Nicholas Romanov", was reunited with his family at the Alexander Palace in Tsarskoe Selo . [ 4 ] He was placed under house arrest with his family by the Provisional Government .
Post-Soviet states in alphabetical order: 1. Armenia , 2. Azerbaijan , 3. Belarus , 4. Estonia , 5.
Revelations from the Russian Archives The dreadful famine that engulfed Ukraine, the northern Caucasus, and the lower Volga River area in 1932-1933 was the result of Joseph Stalin's policy of forced collectivization. The heaviest losses occurred in Ukraine, which had been the most productive agricultural area of the Soviet Union. Stalin was determined to crush all vestiges of Ukrainian nationalism. Thus, the famine was accompanied by a devastating purge of the Ukrainian intelligentsia and the Ukrainian Communist party itself. The famine broke the peasants' will to resist collectivization and left Ukraine politically, socially, and psychologically traumatized.
The Siege of Leningrad , also known as the Leningrad Blockade ( Russian : блокада Ленинграда , transliteration : blokada Leningrada ) was a prolonged military operation resulting from the failure of the German Army Group North to capture Leningrad—now known as Saint Petersburg —in the Eastern Front theatre of World War II. The siege started on 8 September 1941, when the last land connection to the city was severed. Although the Soviets managed to open a narrow land corridor to the city on 18 January 1943, lifting of the siege took place on 27 January 1944, 872 days after it began. It was one of the longest and most destructive sieges in history and overwhelmingly the most costly in terms of casualties. [ 8 ] [ edit ] Background
[ edit ] American and Soviet Espionage Throughout the Cold War , acts of espionage , or spying, became prevalent as tension between the United States and Soviet Union increased. The KGB , Soviet military group, made use of espionage primarily at the American Embassy in the Soviet Union . When word of this spying reached the United States, President Ronald Reagan initiated several negotiations with the Soviets in an attempt to eliminate the danger of possible exposed military secrets.
Paper Presented to the Sixth International Revisionist Conference. The Soviet scorched-earth policy has many facets: Military, economic, and so on. In The Dissolution of Eastern European Jewry I touched only on those which are of importance in connection with the demographic changes of Eastern European Jewry. Here I want to emphasize the economic side of a little-known portion of the Second World War.
Germany Romania Finland
Partial view of a plaque with photos of victims of the Great Terror which were shot in the Butovo firing range near Moscow . The photos were made after the arrest of each victim The Great Purge was a series of campaigns of political repression and persecution in the Soviet Union orchestrated by Joseph Stalin from 1936 to 1938. It involved a large-scale purge of the Communist Party and government officials , repression of peasants , Red Army leadership, and the persecution of unaffiliated persons, characterized by widespread police surveillance, widespread suspicion of "saboteurs", imprisonment, and arbitrary executions.
Map of the sites related to the Katyn massacre The Katyn massacre , also known as the Katyn Forest massacre ( Polish : zbrodnia katyńska, mord katyński , 'Katyń crime'; Russian : Катынский расстрел Katynskij ra'sstrel 'Katyn shooting'), was a mass execution of Polish nationals carried out by the People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs ( NKVD ), the Soviet secret police, in April and May 1940. The massacre was prompted by Lavrentiy Beria 's proposal to execute all members of the Polish Officer Corps, dated 5 March 1940. This official document was approved and signed by the Soviet Politburo , including its leader, Joseph Stalin . The number of victims is estimated at about 22,000, with 21,768 being a lower bound. [ 1 ] The victims were murdered in the Katyn Forest in Russia, the Kalinin and Kharkiv prisons and elsewhere.