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When? and How? was the theory Andragogy developed. Social, Economical and Political Context in 1950-1959. Social, Economical and Political Context in 1960-1969. Relevance. Biography. Youtube: Spotlight on Malcolm Knowles. Visual representation of Knowles' andragogy showing the four assumptions of adult learning. 3. Readiness to learn. 4. Orientation to learning.

Definining Andragogy. Andragogy vs Pedagogy chart. Heutagogy and lifelong learning: A review of heutagogical practice and self-determined learning | Blaschke. Lisa Marie Blaschke Oldenburg University and University of Maryland University College (UMUC) Abstract Heutagogy, a form of self-determined learning with practices and principles rooted in andragogy, has recently resurfaced as a learning approach after a decade of limited attention. In a heutagogical approach to teaching and learning, learners are highly autonomous and self-determined and emphasis is placed on development of learner capacity and capability with the goal of producing learners who are well-prepared for the complexities of today’s workplace.

The approach has been proposed as a theory for applying to emerging technologies in distance education and for guiding distance education practice and the ways in which distance educators develop and deliver instruction using newer technologies such as social media. The renewed interest in heutagogy is partially due to the ubiquitousness of Web 2.0, and the affordances provided by the technology. Introduction Research Method Conclusion. MOVING FROM PEDAGOGY TO ANDRAGOGY. (Adapted and Updated from Hiemstra, R., & Sisco, B. (1990). Individualizing instruction. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.) There is little doubt that the most dominant form of instruction in Europe and America is pedagogy, or what some people refer to as didactic, traditional, or teacher-directed approaches. A competing idea in terms of instructing adult learners, and one that gathered momentum within the past three decades, has been dubbed andragogy.

The purpose of this resource piece is to provide the interested reader with some background information regarding both instructional forms. The pedagogical model of instruction was originally developed in the monastic schools of Europe in the Middle Ages. Pedagogy is derived from the Greek word "paid," meaning child plus "agogos," meaning leading. Up until very recently, the pedagogical model has been applied equally to the teaching of children and adults, and in a sense, is a contradiction in terms.

Anderson, M. Brookfield, S. (1984). Process of learning. Youtube: Adult Learning Principles. “Why” adults participate in self-directed learning programs. Youtube: Learning Styles.