Mixing Secrets For The Small Studio: Additional Resources (Cambridge Music Technology) Trumpet Physics - Segment One. THE EXCITING COMPRESSOR. MOTOWN ENGINEERING SERIES No. 2 By ROBERT DENNIS Editor's Note: Motown developed a mixing method that allowed presence, bite and intensity on lead vocals. Even when the vocals were mixed at an even level with the music, you could hear every word clearly. The Pre-Motown Mix In the 1950's and early 1960's records were generally mixed with the vocal far louder than the music. The Motown Mix Motown had a "better" idea. Regarding reverb, another Motown innovation was to have more reverb on the music than on the vocal. The 1970's "Exciter" In the 70's a processing device by Aphex called the "Aural Exciter" (probably a tradename), started gaining popularity. When a producer would ask me for an exciter, I would tell them I had something better - the Exciting Compressor.
The Motown 1960's Exciting Compressor With the Motown mix approach there were problems. Lawrence Horn came up with a brilliant idea. The result was nothing less than amazing. Using The Exciting Compressor. Bob Dennis. Standing waves - A multimedia presentation from Physclips. Open vs Closed pipes (Flutes vs Clarinets) This page compares the acoustics of open and closed cylindrical pipes, as exemplified by flutes and clarinets, respectively. An introduction to the woodwind family (and to sound waves) is given in How Do Woodwind Instruments Work? This site discusses only cylindrical pipes. Instruments such as saxophones and oboes have approximately conical bores. For the behaviour of cones compared with cylinders (and the wave patterns in flutes, clarinets, oboes etc), see Pipes and harmonics.
For a background about standing waves, see Standing waves from Physclips. The flute (photo at left) is a nearly cylindrical instrument which is open to the outside air at both ends*. The player leaves the embouchure hole open to the air, and blows across it. We compare open and closed pipes in three different but equivalent ways then examine some complications. Standing wave diagrams First let's make some approximations: we'll pretend a flute and clarinet are the same length. Open pipe (flute). Frequency analysis. Digido. Audio calculations in English - acoustics calculator convert audio formulas microphone formula sound recording studio useful stuff free audio calculator recording studio acoustic audio engineering site map online education sound calcs energy calculations. Planet Of Tunes - What is an audio analogue to digital converter? An analogue to digital audio converter converts an incoming electrical pressure soundwave (essentially a changing pattern of electrical pressure/voltage) into binary (1s and 0s) in order that the audio signal may be recorded, processed, edited, replayed and stored by a digital audio device or computer.
PCM audio This process is sometimes referred to as Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) and digital audio sometimes referred to by the generic term "PCM audio". The advantages of digital systems over conventional analogue audio tape recorders are discussed here. A knowledge of the principal theories of conversion (sample rate and bit depth) is essential knowledge for music technologists and sound recordists who need to control quality and file size of their digital audio files. How A to D convertors work The process of re-creating an analogue audio wave from digital PCM data (in order that it may be recorded or sent to a monitoring system) is handled by a digital to analogue converter (DAC).