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A theory of everything ( ToE ) or final theory is a putative theory of theoretical physics that fully explains and links together all known physical phenomena, and predicts the outcome of any experiment that could be carried out in principle . [ 1 ] The term mainly refers to the desire to reconcile the two main successful physical frameworks, general relativity which describes gravity and the large-scale structure of spacetime , and quantum field theory , particularly as implemented in the standard model , which describes the small-scale structure of matter while incorporating the other three non-gravitational forces, the weak , strong and electromagnetic interactions. A primary stumbling block in the construction of a ToE is that straightforward attempts to apply quantum mechanics to the gravitational field, in the same way as for say the electromagnetic field , fails due to the breakdown of the renormalization procedure.